52 research outputs found

    Moderate conformational impact of citrate on ovotransferrin considerably increases its capacity to self-assemble at the interface

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    International audienceWe have compared the behavior of ovotransferrin at the air-solution interface in the presence of a monovalention (acetate), or a divalent ion (citrate), the latter being known to induce conformational changesof this protein upon interaction with its iron-binding sites. We have characterised the adsorption layer atthe air–water interface in terms of homogeneity, surface concentration excess and rheological propertiesat pH 4.0. Besides we have investigated the bulk conformation in the presence of the two anions. In thepresence of citrate only, interfacial layers display well-defined domains of higher overall surface concentrationsuggesting multilayers adsorption. Citrate also induces higher helical content and stabilizes theprotein against thermal denaturation. Hence we propose that these changes are involved in the propensityof ovotransferrin to self-assemble at the air–water interface resulting in thick and heterogeneousinterfacial layer

    Tetrastatin, the NC1 Domain of the α4(IV) Collagen Chain: A Novel Potent Anti-Tumor Matrikine

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    BACKGROUND: NC1 domains from α1, α2, α3 and α6(IV) collagen chains were shown to exert anti-tumor or anti-angiogenic activities, whereas the NC1 domain of the α4(IV) chain did not show such activities so far. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We demonstrate in the present paper that the NC1 α4(IV) domain exerts a potent anti-tumor activity both in vitro and in an experimental human melanoma model in vivo. The overexpression of NC1 α4(IV) in human UACC-903 melanoma cells strongly inhibited their in vitro proliferative (-38%) and invasive (-52%) properties. MT1-MMP activation was largely decreased and its cellular distribution was modified, resulting in a loss of expression at the migration front associated with a loss of migratory phenotype. In an in vivo xenograft model in athymic nude mice, the subcutaneous injection of NC1 α4(IV)-overexpressing melanoma cells induced significantly smaller tumors (-80% tumor volume) than the Mock cells, due to a strong inhibition of tumor growth. Exogenously added recombinant human NC1 α4(IV) reproduced the inhibitory effects of NC1 α4(IV) overexpression in UACC-903 cells but not in dermal fibroblasts. An anti-αvβ3 integrin blocking antibody inhibited cell adhesion on recombinant human NC1 α4(IV) substratum. The involvement of αvβ3 integrin in mediating NC1 α4(IV) effect was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) binding assays showing that recombinant human NC1 α4(IV) binds to αvβ3 integrin (K(D) = 148 ± 9.54 nM). CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Collectively, our results demonstrate that the NC1 α4(IV) domain, named tetrastatin, is a new endogenous anti-tumor matrikine

    Le "joujou du prof" : expériences de l'utilisation d'une plateforme numérique pour l'enseignement à l'université

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    International audienceL’École Supérieure du Professorat et de l’Éducation de l’Université de Franche-Comté dispose depuis 2016 d’une plateforme numérique pour l’enseignement, appelée « classe laboratoire ». L’expérience d’étudiants1 utilisant pour la première fois ce dispositif dans le cadre de leur formation a été recueillie. Dans cette étude qualitative, l’approche de l’expérience-utilisateur a été mobilisée pour identifier les caractéristiques de l’environnement conduisant à un niveau optimal d’expérience. Les résultats révèlent que la « classe laboratoire » déclenche chez les étudiants un intérêt en situation, une appréciation de l’ergonomie du dispositif ainsi qu’une réflexion au sujet de l’impact de la plateforme sur le processus d’enseignement-apprentissage

    Effets biologiques de peptides des collagènes I et IV

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    Divers processus biologiques, comme la différenciation cellulaire, la migration cellulaire ou l’expression des gènes, sont contrôlés par des interactions cellule - cellule ou par des cytokines, mais aussi par des interactions entre cellules et matrice extracellulaire. La régulation de ces processus implique une protéolyse limitée et dirigée des macromolécules matricielles, induisant la libération de domaines protéiques et de peptides dotés d’activités biologiques. Dans cette revue, nous résumons des résultats de notre laboratoire montrant que des peptides des collagènes de types I et IV jouent un rôle important dans la régulation de l'inflammation et de la progression tumorale. Des peptides du collagène I stimulent l’explosion respiratoire, l’exocytose des granules cytoplasmiques et la sécrétion de cytokines par des leucocytes humains (neutrophiles polynucléaires et monocytes), pour la détersion des sites inflammatoires et ensuite pour attirer divers types de cellules nécessaires à la cicatrisation. Un peptide du domaine NCI de la chaîne α3(IV) du collagène IV empêche l’activation des leucocytes. De plus, ce peptide est capable de limiter la progression tumorale en diminuant les propriétés invasives in vitro et in vivo de cellules de mélanome

    Régulation de l’activité cellulaire par la matrice extracelulaire : le concept de matrikines

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    L’activité des cellules du tissu conjonctif est modulée par un grand nombre de facteurs présents dans leur environnement. En plus des facteurs solubles tels qu’hormones, cytokines et facteurs de croissance, les cellules reçoivent aussi des signaux des macromolécules de la matrice extracellulaire (MEC) qui les environnent. De plus, elles peuvent dégrader les protéines de la MEC et libérer des peptides qui, par eux-mêmes, vont constituer de nouveaux signaux pour les cellules environnantes. Ainsi, une véritable boucle de régulation existe dans les tissus conjonctifs, constituée par les peptides générés par dégradation de la MEC et les cellules du tissu conjonctif. Le nom de « matrikines» a été proposé pour désigner de tels peptides d’origine matricielle capables de réguler l’activité cellulaire. Dans cette revue, nous résumons les résultats obtenus dans notre laboratoire avec deux matrikines différentes : le tripeptide glycyl-histidyl-lysine (GHK) et l’heptapeptide cystéinyl-asparaginyl-tyrosyl-tyrosyl-séryl-asparaginyl-sérine (CNYYSNS). GHK est un puissant activateur de la production et du remodelage de la MEC tandis que CNYYSNS est capable d’inhiber l’activation des polynucléaires neutrophiles et de diminuer les capacités invasives de cellules cancéreuses

    AG-9, an Elastin-Derived Peptide, Increases In Vitro Oral Tongue Carcinoma Cell Invasion, through an Increase in MMP-2 Secretion and MT1-MMP Expression, in a RPSA-Dependent Manner

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    Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most prevalent head and neck cancers. During tumor progression, elastin fragments are released in the tumor microenvironment. Among them, we previously identified a nonapeptide, AG-9, that stimulates melanoma progression in vivo in a mouse melanoma model. In the present paper, we studied AG-9 effect on tongue squamous cell carcinoma invasive properties. We demonstrated that AG-9 stimulates cell invasion in vitro in a modified Boyen chamber model. It increases MMP-2 secretion, analyzed by zymography and MT1-MMP expression, studied by Western blot. The stimulatory effect was mediated through Ribosomal Protein SA (RPSA) receptor binding as demonstrated by SiRNA experiments. The green tea-derived polyphenol, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), was previously shown to bind RPSA. Molecular docking experiments were performed to compare the preferred areas of interaction of AG-9 and EGCG with RPSA and suggested overlapping areas. This was confirmed by competition assays. EGCG abolished AG-9-induced invasion, MMP-2 secretion, and MT1-MMP expression

    Experimental investigation of the kinematics of post-impact ice fragments

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    International audienceHail is more hazardous for aircraft engines compared to rain and snow,mainly, because of its solid nature and high water content. In extreme cases it can lead to engine ame out. In order to avoid such situations, aero engines should be designed to withstand hail ingestion. For this purpose we have studied the post-impact characteristics of ice, such as particle velocity and directions of travel. To achieve this goal, a large experimental program has been undertaken, in which spherical ice specimens were projected against a rigid plate. Three specimen diameters (6.2, 12.9 and 27.5mm) and four impact angles (20, 45, 75 and 90 _) were considered, as well as a wide range of impact velocities (60-200m/s). From this experimental work, we can conclude that the ice fragments formed after impact do not bounce back and that the post-impact ice trajectory angle is lower than 2 _. This is in line with observations found in the literature. On the other hand, the ice fragments are mainly organised in a circular cloud, when observed in the Preprint submitted to International Journal of Impact Engineering February 21, 2011 target plane. The center of this cloud has the same velocity as the initial ice ball tangential impact velocity. Furthermore, the cloud radius expands with a rate proportional to the ice ball normal impact velocity. Finally, each fragment inside the cloud has a relative velocity which varies linearly with its distance from the cloud center. These experimental observations should be very helpful in developing models and simulations of hail ingestion by aircraft engines
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