Severe pre-eclampsia: epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects at Hospital Principal Dakar from January 2019 to December 2020

Background: Preeclampsia, major public health problem, is one of the leading causes of maternal and infant mortality. It is increasingly frequent in our referral health centers, especially in its severe form. Methods: Retrospective descriptive and analytical study about severe preeclampsia at the Maternity of Hospital Principal Dakar, from 01 January 2019 to 31 December 2020. Results: Frequency of severe preeclampsia was 3.09%. Medical evacuation (70.59%) was the most frequent mode of admission. Patients were in average 29.8 years and primipare. Personal medical history was dominated by high blood pressure (16.29%). The average gestational age was 34+2 days, but pregnancy was carried to term by the majority of patients. Functional signs were dominated by headache (40.65%). Blood pressure was greater than or equal to 160/90 mmHg (90.32%). Hyperuricemia was the most frequent biological anomaly after proteinuria (45.1%). Complications were dominated by retroplacental hematoma (4.49%) and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) (28.48%). Calcium channel blockers (81.88%) were the main antihypertensive agents administered. Caesarean section was the most common delivery method (80.46%). The maternal prognosis was good, with no maternal deaths recorded. Perinatal mortality was 173.9%. Conclusions: Preeclampsia remains a fearsome pregnancy’s pathology. Raising awareness of pregnant women during ANC on the risks of pre-eclampsia, retraining of health personnel, close and early monitoring of women at risk and management in a multidisciplinary setting help to improve the maternal-fetal prognosis.

Strengthening human genetics research in Africa: report of the 9th meeting of the African Society of Human Genetics in Dakar in May 2016.

The 9th meeting of the African Society of Human Genetics, in partnership with the Senegalese Cancer Research and Study Group and the Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) Consortium, was held in Dakar, Senegal. The theme was Strengthening Human Genetics Research in Africa. The 210 delegates came from 21 African countries and from France, Switzerland, UK, UAE, Canada and the USA. The goal was to highlight genetic and genomic science across the African continent with the ultimate goal of improving the health of Africans and those across the globe, and to promote the careers of young African scientists in the field. A session on the sustainability of genomic research in Africa brought to light innovative and practical approaches to supporting research in resource-limited settings and the importance of promoting genetics in academic, research funding, governmental and private sectors. This meeting led to the formation of the Senegalese Society for Human Genetics

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection amongst children in Senegal: current prevalence and seroprotection level

Introduction: hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is highly endemic in Senegal. HBV vaccine of all children has been introduced in 1999 and included in the Expanded Programme on Immunization in 2004. The aim of this study was to assess the HBV prevalence and immunity status against HBV amongst children in Senegal. Methods: between March and August 2016, consecutive children aged from 6 months to 16 years old were recruited in outpatient department of three main children hospitals in Senegal. Serum samples were analyzed for HBV serology (HBsAg, HBcAb, HBsAb) using ARCHITECT analyzer. Children with HBsAb levels ≥ 10 IU/l) were considered as seroprotected against HBV. Results: during the study period, 295 children fulfilled the criteria for the study and were further analyzed. Three children were HBsAg positive giving a seroprevalence at 1.1% (95% CI: 0.2-3.3), 12/267 (4.5%, 95% CI=2.3-7.7) had positive HBcAb and 226/295 (76.6%, 71.4-81.3) had positive HBsAb including 191 (77.3%, 71.6-82.4) with isolated HBsAb related to previous active immunization. However only 165 children (56%, CI 50-62) had seroprotective HBsAb levels (HBsAb ≥ 10 UI/L) and 63 (21.4, 16.8-26) had a strong seroprotectiondefined by HBsAb ≥ 100 IU/L. Conclusion: our results suggest that although HBV prevalence has significantly decreased in children in Senegal following a better HBV vaccine coverage, the number of children correctly seroprotected is insufficient (56%). Assessing the levels of HBsAb and providing HBV vaccine boosters should be considered in children in Senegal

Acute Urinary Retention by Hematocolpos in an Adolescent Girl with Imperforate Hymen: A Case Report

Mechanical obstruction by hematocolpos can result in acute urinary retention. This is an adolescent girl 15 year old who presented amenorrhea, cyclic abdominal pain and acute retention of urine. On examination patient was found to have imperforate hymen. She underwent hymenectomy. Postoperative period was uneventful. We conclude that in peripubertal female with acute urinary retention, hematocolpos should be considered

Enquete Serologique Sur Les Mycoplasmoses Aviaires Chez Les Poules Pondeuses Dans Les Elevages Avicoles Ameliores En Zones Peri-Urbaines Du Mali

Une enquête sérologique a été menée pour déterminer la prévalence d’anticorps contre les mycoplasmoses aviaires chez les poules pondeuses dans les fermes avicoles améliorées en zone périurbaine des villes de Sikasso, de Ségou et du District de Bamako au Mali. Au total 360 sérums ont été prélevés et analysés par le test d’ELISA indirect pour la recherche d’anticorps contre Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) et Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG). Les résultats obtenus indiquent un taux global de prévalence de 67,50 % (243/360) pour MS et de 31,39 % (113/360) pour MG. Le District de Bamako a enregistré les plus forts taux de prévalence avec respectivement 87,80 % et 41,46 %; tandis que pour Sikasso, ces taux ont été respectivement de 51,72 % et 32,76 % et pour Ségou de 71,43 % et 7,94 % respectivement. Puisqu’à l’heure actuelle, la vaccination contre les mycoplasmoses chez la volaille n’est pas pratiquée au Mali, ces résultats reflètent certainement l’infection et montrent que ces pathologies pourraient être cliniquement importantes dans les fermes avicoles. D’où la nécessité d’effectuer des sondages microbiologiques afin d’établir une épidémiologie plus précise.Mots-clés: Mycoplasmoses aviaires, fermes avicoles, prévalence sérologique, MaliA serological survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of antibodies against avian mycoplasmoses among layer hens in the semi-intensive poultry farms in peri-urban areas of Sikasso, Ségou and the District of Bamako in Mali. A total of 360 sera were collected and analyzed by indirect ELISA test for the detection of antibodies against Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) and Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG). Results showed an overall seroprevalence rate of 67.50 % (243/360) for MS and 31.39 % (113/360) for MG. The District of Bamako has recorded the highest prevalence rates respectively with 87.80 % and 41.46 %. While for Sikasso, these rates were respectively of 51.72 % and 32.76 % and for Ségou they were 71.43% and 7.94 %, respectively. Since vaccination against avian mycoplasmoses is not performed in Mali, these results certainly reflect the presence of the infection and indicate that these pathologies may be clinically important in poultry farms in Mali. Hence the need to carry out microbiological surveys to isolate the Mycoplasma species involved, so that the epidemiology can be specified accurately

Methanogenic potential of aquaculture waste a smart initiative for green aquaculture in the framework of blue growth

ICAWA : International Conference AWA, Lanzarote, ESP, 17-/04/2018 - 20/04/2018All predictions agree that tilapia is destined to become the major aquaculture species of tomorrow. Tilapia is grown in more than 100 countries and production reaches 4.3 million tonnes making this fish group the second largest for global aquaculture, after that of carp. The modern development of its breeding requires energy for production systems e.g. to supply oxygen equipment or automatic food vending machines or the heating of livestock ponds. This work proposes to valorise the waste resulting from the activities in fish farming by the processes of anaerobic digestion to produce energy. For this, faeces of Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were sampled periodically and their methanogenic potential (BMP test) determined and compared to a reference substrate (poultry droppings); with or without inoculum. The μCG analysis made it possible to determine the relative proportions of methane (CH4) in the biogas as a function of the duration of production. Biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests showed rapid kinetics of biogas production of fish faeces in the presence of inoculum (+ inoculum) compared with the production of biogas in faeces alone. This kinetics of biogas production is reversed between the third and fourth week. In both cases, the proportion of methane is generally greater than 60% from the second week of incubation, which shows the quality of the biogas produced. The composition of CH4 and CO2 does not change with or without inoculum. However, there is a significant difference in total CH4 volume which is twice as large with inoculated fish faeces than uninoculated fish or poultry droppings. Our results show that fish droppings are good methanogenic substrates and the use of the inoculum allows for a quick start of biogas production and avoids MO losses. Realized on a large scale, the valorisation of aquaculture fish faeces could constitute a source of green energy for the development of fish farming in Africa. And thus a smart initiative to fight against climate impact on small pelagic fish stock displacement in tropical areas

International conference ICAWA 2017 and 2018 : extended book of abstract : the AWA project : ecosystem approach to the management of fisheries and the marine environment in West African waters

All predictions agree that tilapia is destined to become the major aquaculture species of tomorrow. Tilapia is grown in more than 100 countries and production reaches 4.3 million tonnes making this fish group the second largest for global aquaculture, after that of carp. The modern development of its breeding requires energy for production systems e.g. to supply oxygen equipment or automatic food vending machines or the heating of livestock ponds. This work proposes to valorise the waste resulting from the activities in fish farming by the processes of anaerobic digestion to produce energy. For this, faeces of Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were sampled periodically and their methanogenic potential (BMP test) determined and compared to a reference substrate (poultry droppings); with or without inoculum. The μCG analysis made it possible to determine the relative proportions of methane (CH4) in the biogas as a function of the duration of production. Biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests showed rapid kinetics of biogas production of fish faeces in the presence of inoculum (+ inoculum) compared with the production of biogas in faeces alone. This kinetics of biogas production is reversed between the third and fourth week. In both cases, the proportion of methane is generally greater than 60% from the second week of incubation, which shows the quality of the biogas produced. The composition of CH4 and CO2 does not change with or without inoculum. However, there is a significant difference in total CH4 volume which is twice as large with inoculated fish faeces than uninoculated fish or poultry droppings. Our results show that fish droppings are good methanogenic substrates and the use of the inoculum allows for a quick start of biogas production and avoids MO losses. Realized on a large scale, the valorisation of aquaculture fish faeces could constitute a source of green energy for the development of fish farming in Africa. And thus a smart initiative to fight against climate impact on small pelagic fish stock displacement in tropical areas

Glomérulonéphrite lupique classe IV chez une jumelle de 15 ans au service de Pédiatre de l'Hôpital Aristide le Dantec de Dakar

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