Influence of Social Exchange Relationship and Work Engagement on Creative Work Involvement: Mediation of Individual Innovative Behavior

The study probed the effect of social exchange relationship and work engagement on creative work involved with the assistance of mediation of individual innovative behavior of employees on work. Responses to a survey of 450 employees from the different service sector were used to the study hypotheses. Correlation and regression were done to see the impact of work engagement on employees’ creativity and individual innovative behavior with the assistance of social exchange relationship. This study shows the significant relation between social exchange relationship and creative work involvement. It also shows that employees should be provided with the resources so that they can perform well and also to be appreciated for their novel ideas which help the organization to progress. Individual innovative behavior also mediates connection among leader-member exchange and creative work involvement

Influence of Social Exchange Relationship and Work Engagement on Creative Work Involvement: Mediation of Individual Innovative Behavior

The study probed the effect of social exchange relationship and work engagement on creative work involved with the assistance of mediation of individual innovative behavior of employees on work. Responses to a survey of 450 employees from the different service sector were used to the study hypotheses. Correlation and regression were done to see the impact of work engagement on employees’ creativity and individual innovative behavior with the assistance of social exchange relationship. This study shows the significant relation between social exchange relationship and creative work involvement. It also shows that employees should be provided with the resources so that they can perform well and also to be appreciated for their novel ideas which help the organization to progress. Individual innovative behavior also mediates connection among leader-member exchange and creative work involvement

Sugarcane: Diseases Due to Pests, Pest Management Strategies and Factors Influencing the Production of Sugarcane

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum, L.) is the second major crop of Pakistan. It is not merely a significant sugar crop but also a resource of inclement notes for different agro-based industries in Pakistan. Sugarcane yields have been rigorously abridged in various parts of Asia as attacked by enormous number of insect pests and diseases. Changes in cropping patterns including the cultivation of high yielding varieties and hybrids have added to the problem in some areas. Plant breeding has been successful to some extent in keeping up with new and evolving diseases and pests. Innovation in agronomic practices, advent of chemicals for control, and more recently genetic engineering tools have been providing new opportunities for reduction of crop losses due to biotic pressures. Insect control is even more important as many viral diseases are transmitted by insects

Patterns of Admission in Intensive Care Unit of Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: It is well known that early appropriate referrals of critically ill patients to an ICU can significantly reduce the mortality. At the same time, improper admissions to ICU limits bed availability that adversely affects ICU functioning. Objective: To determine the patterns of admissions and outcome in Medical and Surgical Intensive care Units.Material & Methods: A retrospective review of all patients admitted in medical and surgical ICU of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad from 2014 to 2016 was done. Data was collected from admission registers and patients’ files. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0. Chi-square test was applied and P-value < 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Study recruited data of 1652 patients admitted to intensive care unit of PIMS hospital. There were 769(46.5%) males and 883(53.5%) females. Among all the patients, 503(30.4%) were admitted to medical intensive care unit while 1149(69.6%) were admitted to surgical intensive care Unit. 684(41.4%) had undergone mortality while 968(58.6%) remained alive. Overall mean length of hospital stay was 7.4±4.1SD, mean length of mechanical ventilation 4.1±2.1SD and mean length of supplemental ventilation was 1.5±0.11SD. Acute abdomen (13.1%) and head injuries (12%) were most common causes for admission in ICU. Statistically significant association between years (2014, 2015 & 2016) and disease (p=0.000), years and mortality (p=0.000), years and age (p=0.000), intensive care unit and gender (p=0.01), intensive care unit and age (p=0.02) was reported.Conclusion: Acute abdomen and Head injuries had highest number of admissions in Medical and Surgical intensive care unit of PIMS hospital. Developing a well-equipped trauma ICU with adequately trained staff will help improve the outcome of patients

Evaluation of Fractal Dimension and Topographic Surface Roughness (Vertical Dissection) in Astore-Deosai-Skardu Region in GIS Environment Using ASTER GDEM

Fractal investigation is a valuable technique to model and quantify the composite patterns of natural similarobjects. This study investigates Neotectonics using ASTER-GDEM. Fractal technique for extraction of topographicfractal dimension (Dtopo) and vertical dissection (Rtopo-surf) were used to assess the Neotectonics deformation.Geomorphological regions can be demarcated by using above mentioned procedures as they reveal the topographicevolutionary stages as an evaluation of topographic textures. The idea is to recognize the zones that are stronglyinfluenced by Neotectonics. Astore-Deosai-Skardu (ADS) region in Gilgit-Baltistan was selected for this purpose as itlies between MKT and MMT which is experiencing surface topographic deformation (STD) caused by anti-clock-wiseprogression and subduction of Indian plate beneath Eurasia. The results obtained illustrates that Dtopo and Rtopo-surf showanomalies in the ADS region that clearly represent a robust control of nearby MMT, MKT and KkF and highlights theirsignificance to describe regions vulnerable to Neotectonics and related deadly events threatening precious human livesand infrastructure damages

Epidemiology of Onychomycosis in Gujranwala Division-Pakistan

Onychomycosis is a common fungal infection of nails. It is usually further divided into four types which are Distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO), white superficial onychomycosis (WSO), proximal subungual onychomycosis (PSO) and candidal onychomycosis (CO). The main causative agents of onychomycosis are three fungal forms: dermatophytes, yeasts, and non-dermatophytes molds. In current study, occurrence frequency of various types of onychomycosis was observed in a selected region of Pakistan. Collected data were statistically analyzed at 0.001% significance level by using single factor ANOVA for comparative examination on the basis of gender, age and onychomycosis types. Results indicated that males suffer more than females, adults are more prone to get onychomycosis attack and DLSO is frequently occurring than other forms. The root causes of this epidemiological trend were lack of personal hygiene and health care awareness among masses and knowledge about symptoms and effects of onychomycosis meanwhile poverty was also found as a leading indirect reason for the spread of this nail disorder. Future researchers should find out cost effect local alternatives for treatment and control of onychomycosis along with some general public awareness program

CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS OF INTER-RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INSULIN RESISTANCE AND HYPERTENSION AMONG PATIENTS AT LIAQUAT UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

Background: Insulin resistance and hypertension often stem from the same genotypic and phenotypic phenomenon. It is well established that a sedentary lifestyle, and a plentiful diet rich in sodium and energy are the likely culprits that over the years have contributed to the rise of both ailments. However, the inter-relationship too is worthy of exploration. Objective: This research hopes to study the inter-relationship between insulin resistance and hypertension among patients by eyeing the co-presentation of both diseases in patients and by evaluating the time elapsed in diagnosis of each disease to assess which disease preceded the other. Methods: This observational was carried out on patients presenting at the medicine outpatient department of Liaquat University Hospital with a joint complaint of insulin resistance and hypertension from 1st Dec 2015 to 10th February 2016. Data was collected using an interview based structured questionnaire administered to the patients after taking written informed consent. The data was analyzed in SPSS v. 16.0. Results: During the course of the study, a total of 248 patients presented with the complaint of insulin resistance, 356 patients presented with the complaint of hypertension. While 136 patients presented with a joint complaint of insulin resistance and hypertension. Majority (70.588%) of the patients reportedly developed insulin resistance prior to developing hypertension. The chief complaint of 120 (88.24%) of the patients was insulin resistance. 42 (30.88%) of the patients, despite suffering from hypertension, were not taking treatment. Conclusion: The inter-relationship of both diseases is marked. For every 10 patients suffering from insulin resistance, 3.7 suffered from hypertension as well. While for every 10 patients suffering from hypertension, 2.8 suffered from insulin resistance as well. Thus patients suffering from insulin resistance are more likely to be hypertensives. Keywords: Insulin resistance, Hypertension, Cardiac comorbidities, Diabetes and Insulin

Effectiveness of Health Teaching Program about the Knowledge of Tobacco Use Ill-Effects among High School Students

Introduction: Tobacco use is a major factor for non-communicable diseases like cerebrovascular accidents, acute coronary syndrome, hypertension, debilitating chronic diseases like atherosclerosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Tobacco use is a bad habit that starts before the accomplishment of adulthood, and young people, specifically, are more in prone to create nicotine addiction. Nursing faculty can also teach and advice all students to change their state of mind in regards to tobacco utilization and help them to quit the use tobacco. Methods: Quasi experimental study performed on 54 male high school students to evaluate the effectiveness of health teaching session about the knowledge of tobacco use ill-effects. Results: Findings revealed that the mean post-test mean score was significantly higher than their mean pre-test score. The calculated “t” value (t=-88.520 p<0.005) was greater than the table value at 0.05 in all sections. Therefore, the null hypothesis Conclusions: It is concluded that the educational program is effective in enhancing the knowledge of students regarding ill- effects of tobacco use. Keywords-, Health Teaching Program, Knowledge, and Tobacco use ill-effects. DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/67-10 Publication date:October 31st 201

Impact of Software Metrics on Software Quality using McCall Quality Model: In-Depth Analysis

Software metrics plays a very vital role in life cycle of software development. Rapid software development techniques and tools have made it very complex to fully control the quality of a software. Software metrics are required to make sure that the quality of software is fully under control. Many software metrics have already been developed and applied to control the quality of software products. Software metrics is the measurement of quality in which performance is measured against quality standards to check whether they are according to the expectations. Quality metrics are also used to determine customer requirements into acceptable performance measures. This paper discusses the concepts of software quality, quality factor model, mapping according to McCall Quality Model & the quality metrics. The act of applying software quality measurements to functional components and to keep up with factors is a mind-boggling task. Effective software quality affirmation is exceptionally reliant upon quality methods. Future examination is needed to expand out and work on the approach to widen measurements that have been accepted on one venture, utilizing our rules, legitimate proportions of value on future software project. This paper also dives deep into the impacts of the various software metrics over different quality factors and explains the relationship between them

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ASTHMA SEVERITY & CONTROL AMONG PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH & WITHOUT CO-MORBID RHINITIS

Objective: This study hopes to compare the severity and control of asthma among patients presenting with and without co-morbid rhinitis. Methodology:This retrospective, comparative analysis was conducted upon a total of 377 asthmatic patients, presenting at the medical out-patient department with and without co-morbid rhinitis. The data was collected using a structured interview based questionnaire (after taking written informed consent) which included in-depth inquiries regarding the asthma severity and control for the past 4 week. The data obtained was analyzed using SPSS v. 21. 0. Results: Among the 377 subjects, 200 were males while 177 were females. Mean age of the subjects was 36 years. 172 asthmatic patients in the sample suffered from the co-morbid rhinitis, while the remaining did not have the said comorbidity. Asthmatic patients with co-morbid rhinitis experienced more frequent asthmatic attacks. The incidence of visits to the emergency room and frequency of hospital admissions too was high among asthmatic patients with co-morbid rhinitis. Conclusion: The results reveal that, all attempts to draw a comparison of asthma severity and control among patients with and without comorbid rhinitis yield clear and unidirectional results, leading to a transparent conclusion i.e. the asthma severity and control is considerably poorer in asthmatics with co-morbid rhinitis. Keywords: Asthma, Severity, Control, Rhinitis and Co-morbidity