A Comparison on The Effect of Water on the Bonding Strengthof Treated and Untreated Bituminous Mixtures

The performance of the nation's highways are inter related with various economic activities.The deterioration of pavement materials will lead to high maintenance costs. The challenging conditions that pavement materials are exposed to in Malaysia demands more research in this field of civil engineerin

Synthesis, characterization and optimization of magnetic nanostructures by sol-gel technique and application in water purification

Tailored maghemite nanoparticles with improved thermo-physical properties have attracted vast interest in current years. The design and synthesis of these particles have generated innovative magnetic, optical and other physical properties that arise from quantum size effect and enhanced surface to volume ratio with huge application significance. Tailored magnetic nanoparticles are prepared either by wet chemical methods such as colloidal chemistry or by dry processes such as vapor deposition techniques. This PhD project, aimed to develop novel vanadium doped maghemite (Fe2−xVxO3) particles with novel properties of ~ 5 nm and nanohybrids of maghemite size ranges from 13-15 nm decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by wet methods. Tailored maghemite – MWCNTs nanohybrid was later, applied in efficient Lead removal application from aqueous solutions. The synthesis involved a facile Sol-gel route, with control over the size, morphology and the magnetic properties. Tailored maghemite particles were synthesized from a metal precursors and MWCNTs in a single pot reactor assembly, with forced nucleation in slight basic medium at pH ~ 9, yields crystalline, pure phase and thermally stable particles and nanohybrids. The synthesized particles and nanohybrids were characterized for different physical properties; crystallinity, phase purity and transformations, morphology, hydrodynamic particle size, polydispersity, magnetic properties, surface area studies, elemental and oxidation states of iron and vanadium, thermal stability, colloidal stability, zeta potential values and elemental ratios of iron, oxygen and carbon in tailored maghemite – MWCNT nanohybrids. The comparative changes in structural, magnetic, surface area and colloidal properties of the nanoparticles were found significant for future applications in nano devices, magnetic coatings, magnetic separations and other applications. Tailored maghemite – MWCNT nanohybrids were applied for efficient removal of Lead from aqueous solutions in batches magnetically. Lead adsorption mechanism was studied with Kinetics rate, adsorption isotherms. The effects of pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and agitation speed on the Pb (II) removal were scrutinized. Repeated adsorption–desorption cycles were studied to investigate the prolonged use of nanohybrids. The maximum removal achieved was ~ 94 % in less than 2 h in a pH range of 6–7, which is very good yield with respect to previous studies. A mathematical model (Minitab version 15) was studied to validate the experimental method for the removal of Lea

EFFECTIVENESS AND OPTIMIZATION OF THERMAL INSULATION IN RESIDENTIAL ROOFING SYSTEM IN HOT-HUMID CLIMATE

Solar radiation overheats the roof and causes thermal discomfort for occupants throughout the day. Room air-conditioners are used to improve level of thermal comfort. However, air-conditioners consume high amounts of electricity. Insulation can retard heat flow due to their high thermal resistance. Yet, developers and the public are not aware of the benefits of insulation and are unprepared to implement them. The purpose of this study is to optimize thermal insulation in residential roofing system in hot-humid climate for maximum reduction in cost and CO2 emission. A questionnaire and interview were conducted to determine levels of awareness and preparedness and barriers among house owners, developers and professionals on the implementation of building insulation in Malaysia. Results reveal that the level of awareness on building insulation is generally low. The level of preparedness is high among house owners but low among developers because of the lack of appreciation towards the long-term benefits of housing insulation

Role of agriculture in economic growth of Pakistan

This research based on the role of agriculture in the economic growth of Pakistan. Secondary data has been collected from the year 1980-2010 from the government authentic websites. For this purpose simple regression applied to identify the significance relationship of agricultural sub-sectors with GDP. Results suggested that there is the significance role of agriculture sub-sectors towards the economic growth only forestry showed insignificant relationship with GDP. Another objective is based on to know the contribution of each sub-sector over the aggregate agriculture amount. Result suggest that crops and livestock’s total contribute 91% combined in the aggregate agriculture sector that represent significance contribution for the performance regarding in this sector while fisheries and forestry have minimal contribution because of many reasons, major reasons involved low investment intensity in this sector, insufficient facilities, untrained and unskillful labor force engaged with it.Economic growth, major crops, minor crops, Livestock, forestry, fisheries, Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

A Comparison on The Effect of Water on the Bonding Strengthof Treated and Untreated Bituminous Mixtures

The performance of the nation's highways are inter related with various economic activities.The deterioration of pavement materials will lead to high maintenance costs. The challenging conditions that pavement materials are exposed to in Malaysia demands more research in this field of civil engineerin

The difficulty of translating collocations from Arabic into English encountered by a sample of Arab students

The present study aimed at exploring the difficulty that was encountered by a sample of Saudi undergraduate students when they translated collocations from Arabic into English. The researchers attempted to identify the reasons behind such a difficulty and find practical solutions to this difficulty. They followed an experimental descriptive method in the study. They also designed a quiz on collocations and administered it to the students as part of the requirements of a course the students were taking at that time. The quiz was given to 50 Saudi undergraduate students at the Department of English at Teachers College of King Saud University in the second semester of the academic year 20015. The quiz consisted of 15 Arabic sentences which apparently included collocations. The research data and findings revealed that the majority of the students could not translate collocations correctly because they adopted literal translation, used bilingual dictionaries and had very little knowledge of the concept of collocations in both languages. To help Arab students overcome this enormous difficulty, the researchers offered some recommendations and suggestions at the end of their study

Teaching the \u27comprehensive dental care\u27 in formative years of education and training: A new model for dental internship

There is a need of a new model of education and training to be implemented in the Bachelors of Dental Surgery curriculum in the relevant Pakistani institutions. The current review article was planned to suggest such a model in the light of literature aimed at building the capacity of dental graduates in a competency-driven approach with the objective of offering safe, efficient and comprehensive care to dental patients. The outcome of the reforms suggested shall prepare dental graduates suitably geared towards providing community-oriented family dental care right from their formative years. Moreover, the suggested internship model can also help to address the issue of inefficiency related to patient-care

A review on gastric diverticulum

The gastric fundal diverticulae are rare. They can present with variable symptoms. We are enclosing a literature review on gastric fundal diverticulum. Lessons have emerged which may help in the management of this rare condition in future

Post-residency fellowship training in maxillofacial prosthetics is needed in Pakistan

Objective: To determine the spectrum of maxillofacial prosthetics services in Pakistan, to explore the need of a relevant fellowship training programme in the country, and to determine whether they contribute to tumour board of head and neck oncology.Methods: The cross-sectional online survey was conducted from March to June 2020 and comprised all prosthodontists registered on the portal of the Pakistan Prosthodontics Association. Using Google Forms, the survey questionnaire was sent via email. The survey form was self-generated. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.Results: Of the 84 prosthodontists approached, 44(52.4%) responded. The overall median age was 39 years (range: 30-60 years), and 34(77.3%) subjects were males. Overall, 19(43.2%) subjects were from Punjab, 14(31.8%) Sindh, 6(13.6%) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and 5(11.4%) Islamabad. None of the participants had received any formal accredited training in maxillofacial prosthetics. Although 37(84.1%) respondents reported providing maxillofacial prosthetics services to their patients as they had learnt it during their prosthodontics residency. Only 3(6.8%) respondents were contributing to head and neck tumour board. An overwhelming majority 42(95.5%) stressed the need of structured training programmes in maxillofacial prosthetics.Conclusions: There is no accredited maxillofacial prosthetics training centre and an obvious lack of prosthodontists with formal training in the professional area. The participation of prosthodontists in the head and neck tumour board was negligible