Foraging Behavior of Tetramorium Caespitum in an Urban Environment: the Effect of Food Quality on Foraging

Animals\u27 foraging strategies are directly related to their fitness. Proposed models of optimal foraging assume that animals strategize in terms of maximizing benefits over the cost of acquiring resources. Ants are social insects that are comparable in biomass to humans inhabiting the plant. As such, it is crucial to understand the foraging strategies of such an influential member of the ecosystem. With the ever-increasing rate of urbanization and human encroachment, it is even more important to consider the foraging patterns of species inhabiting urban areas. In this study we investigate optimal foraging strategies in the pavement ant, Tetramorium caespitum. Specifically, our study examined if pavement ant colonies would alter their foraging behavior so as to maximize benefits and minimize costs. To do this, we exposed the ants to food of two varying nutritional qualities to test how they allocated foragers across these two resources.Food quantity, distance to the food source and terrain were the same in both types of resources. Across a two day period, we saw that T. caespitum colonies increased ant recruitment when food quality increased and decreased ant recruitment when food quality decreased. Our control treatments where food quality did not change also did not see a change in ant recruitment. This study shows that species that live in urban areas, such as T. caespitum, can adapt to forage optimally. Studies like this can be used to make predictions about survival of species that are newly associated with urban environments

Implikasi Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2015 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2015 Tentang Penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pemilihan Gubernur, Bupati, dan Walikota Menjadi Undang-undang terhadap Penyelesaian Sengketa Hasil Pemilihan Kepaladaerah di Mahkamah Konstitusi

Local elections democratically elected as mandated by the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, to prioritize the people\u27s democratic sovereignty so dilaksanakanlah local elections directly elected by the people. The elections based on Law No. 8 of 2015 held simultaneously. Implementation of simultaneous elections in 2015 led to the implications for the Constitutional Court and also has implications for the judgments of the Constitutional Court.The conclusions in this study, First, some things that have implications on Law No. 8 of 2015 in the Constitutional Court that the buildup of cases in the Court, when the settlement is only 45 days in the Constitutional Court, filing an application for a maximum of 3 x 24 hours, and terms petition filing that is the difference in vote totals at most 2 percent. Second, There are three (3) things that have implications on the judgments of the Constitutional Court on the settlement of election disputes, namely, implications on the Constitutional Court itself, have significant implications for candidates who dispute and also the electoral commission local area, and impilcations for local area influential for the wheels of local government in the dispute. Advice writer, first, not the accumulation of cases the need for special court established to resolve election disputes so that the completion of election disputes more effective, Second, to avoid the occurrence of a Constitutional Court ruling does not lead to justice the Constitutional Court to take a decision in election disputes this should really consider that it is a matter of dispute the local elections is indeed in violation of the TSM so no results

Telaah Pemikiran Ekonomi Menurut Ibnu Qayyim (1292-1350 M / 691-751 H)

Dewasa ini, Barat seringkali menjadi poros atau kiblat pemikiran ekonomi dunia. Hampir bisa dipastikan bahwa ilmu-ilmu ekonomi yang diajarkan bangku-bangku sekolah dan perguruan tinggi adalah pemikiran ekonomi yang bermazhab pada kapitalis Barat. Padahal jauh sebelum pemikiran ekonomi dari Barat, Islam telah memiliki suatu konsep ekonomi yang di sampaikan oleh para pemikir-pemikir muslim yang merangkap pula sebagai ulama. Tulisan ini mencoba menguraikan pemikiran ekonomi menurut sudut pandang salah satu ulama yang hidup pada abad puncak kejayaan peradaban Islam, Ulama tersebut yaitu Ibnu Qayyim. Penulis mencoba menjelaskan apa dan bagaimana pemikiran ekonomi menurut Ibnu Qayyim al-Jawziyyah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penyempurnaan tulisan ini adalah, studi leteratur yang di ambil dari berbagai sumber baik itu beberapa buku karya Ibnu Qayyim sendiri, maupun buku dan jurnal-jurnal terkait yang di dalamnya memuat cara pandang Ibnu Qayyim berkaitan dengan ekonomi

Higgs Physics at the Large Hadron Collider

In this talk I will begin by summarising the importance of the Higgs physics studies at the LHC. I will then give a short description of the pre-LHC constraints on the Higgs mass and the theoretical predictions for the LHC along with a discussion of the current experimental results, ending with prospects in the near future at the LHC. In addition to the material covered in the presented talk, I have included in the writeup, a critical appraisal of the theoretical uncertainties in the Higgs cross-sections at the Tevatron as well as a discussion of the recent experimental results from the LHC which have become available since the time of the workshop.Comment: LateX, 12 figures, 15 pages, Presented at the XIth Workshop on High Energy Physics Phenomenology, 2010, Ahmedabad, Indi

The Monte Carlo Event Generator DPMJET-III

A new version of the Monte Carlo event generator DPMJET is presented. It is a code system based on the Dual Parton Model and unifies all features of the DTUNUC-2, DPMJET-II and PHOJET 1.12 event generators. DPMJET-III allows the simulation of hadron-hadron, hadron-nucleus, nucleus-nucleus, photon-hadron, photon-photon and photon-nucleus interactions from a few GeV up to the highest cosmic ray energies.Comment: 6 pages, Talk given at the Conference ``Monte Carlo 2000'', Lisbon, Portugal, 23-26 Oct. 200

The existence of global weak solutions for a weakly dissipative Camassa-Holm equation in H1(R)

The existence of global weak solutions to the Cauchy problem for a weakly dissipative Camassa-Holm equation is established in the space C([0,∞)×R)nL∞([0,∞);H1(R)) under the assumption that the initial value u 0 (x) only belongs to the space H 1 (R) . The limit of viscous approximations, a one-sided super bound estimate and a space-time higher-norm estimate for the equation are established to prove the existence of the global weak solution

Yukawa potentials in systems with partial periodic boundary conditions II : Lekner sums for quasi-two dimensional systems

Yukawa potentials may be long ranged when the Debye screening length is large. In computer simulations, such long ranged potentials have to be taken into account with convenient algorithms to avoid systematic bias in the sampling of the phase space. Recently, we have provided Ewald sums for quasi-two dimensional systems with Yukawa interaction potentials [M. Mazars, {\it J. Chem. Phys.}, {\bf 126}, 056101 (2007) and M. Mazars, {\it Mol. Phys.}, Paper I]. Sometimes, Lekner sums are used as an alternative to Ewald sums for Coulomb systems. In the present work, we derive the Lekner sums for quasi-two dimensional systems with Yukawa interaction potentials and we give some numerical tests for pratical implementations. The main result of this paper is to outline that Lekner sums cannot be considered as an alternative to Ewald sums for Yukawa potentials. As a conclusion to this work : Lekner sums should not be used for quasi-two dimensional systems with Yukawa interaction potentials.Comment: 25 pages, 5 figures and 1 tabl

Combinatorial RNA Design: Designability and Structure-Approximating Algorithm

In this work, we consider the Combinatorial RNA Design problem, a minimal instance of the RNA design problem which aims at finding a sequence that admits a given target as its unique base pair maximizing structure. We provide complete characterizations for the structures that can be designed using restricted alphabets. Under a classic four-letter alphabet, we provide a complete characterization of designable structures without unpaired bases. When unpaired bases are allowed, we provide partial characterizations for classes of designable/undesignable structures, and show that the class of designable structures is closed under the stutter operation. Membership of a given structure to any of the classes can be tested in linear time and, for positive instances, a solution can be found in linear time. Finally, we consider a structure-approximating version of the problem that allows to extend bands (helices) and, assuming that the input structure avoids two motifs, we provide a linear-time algorithm that produces a designable structure with at most twice more base pairs than the input structure.Comment: CPM - 26th Annual Symposium on Combinatorial Pattern Matching, Jun 2015, Ischia Island, Italy. LNCS, 201

Compressible primitive equation: formal derivation and stability of weak solutions

We present a formal derivation of a simplified version of Compressible Primitive Equations (CPEs) for atmosphere modeling. They are obtained from $3$-D compressible Navier-Stokes equations with an \emph{anisotropic viscous stress tensor} where viscosity depends on the density. We then study the stability of the weak solutions of this model by using an intermediate model, called model problem, which is more simple and practical, to achieve the main result