Video Resolution Enhancement using DWT, SWT and CLAHE

One of an image details which has been always an vital concern in various image and video-processing applications, such as video resolution enhancement, feature extraction, and satellite image resolution enhancement is resolution. In recent advances Video Resolution enhancement has been envisioned to help in numerous applications and has turned out to be a hot research area. This opens up several technical challenges and immense application possibilities. The paper describes the three main categories - Contrast limited adaptive histogram equalisation (CLAHE), Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT), Stationary Wavelet Transform(SWT). DWT uses filter for building the multi-resolution. SWT is an extension of the Standard Discrete Wavelet Transform to enhance the general details of an image. This study presents a novel resolution enhancement methods with future research are

A Review On Omaveloxolone

Omaveloxolone is a semisynthetic triterpenoid used to treat friedreich’s ataxia. It is the second generation oleananetriterpenoid Nrf2 inducer with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is currently used to test in medical trials for freidreich’s ataxia, a genetic, multi –organ disease involving mitochondrial dysfunction. It is a nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) activator. It is reviewed under Food and Drug Administration and it has the potential to first approved treatment for friedreich’s ataxia. Omaveloxolone is not the cure for friedreich’s ataxia, it is the first agent targeting to reach NDA submission. It is the rational and potent therapy that is probably disease modifying in the treatment of friedreich’s ataxia. Omaveloxolone (RTA-408) is an Nrf2 activator, which decreases the susceptibility of cells through oxidative stress and it leads to cell death and tissue degradation. It is good tolerated not having any significant long term adverse effects. Treatment with RTA-408 remarkably improved in the neurological function, it is measured by modified Freidreich’s Ataxia Rating Scale

Maternal periodontitis and its influence on duration of gestation and fetal birth weight

Background: There has been a lot of interest in knowing the effects of oral health on adverse pregnancy outcomes like preterm births and low birth weight. Studies have yielded contradicting results and there are lot of confounding issues that blur the picture.  Aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of periodontitis is pregnant population and determine the effect of periodontitis on preterm births and low birth weight.Methods: This was a cross sectional study of singleton pregnant women attending ante-natal checkups with oral interview and clinical examination. Oral examination was done at the beginning of third trimester of pregnancy. They were followed up to delivery to note the duration of gestation, birth weight of babies.Results: The prevalence of periodontitis was 22% with 90.9% having mild and 9.1% having moderate periodontitis. Maternal education (high school and above) was associated with lower prevalence of periodontitis (p=0.042). There was no difference in the birth weights between the group with and without periodontitis (2.9±0.41kgs vs 2.74±0.36kgs, p=0.11). The incidence of low birth weights was also similar (p=0.22). The average gestational age was slightly less in the group with periodontitis (38 weeks 3 days vs 37 weeks 5 days) but the rates of preterm births were similar between the two groups (p=0.61).Conclusions: Mild/moderate periodontitis does not appear to have a significant effect on pre-term births and low birth weight. Maternal education and awareness seem to mitigate development of periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes

A Brand-New, Area - Efficient Architecture for the FFT Algorithm Designed for Implementation of FPGAs

Elliptic curve cryptography, which is more commonly referred to by its acronym ECC, is widely regarded as one of the most effective new forms of cryptography developed in recent times. This is primarily due to the fact that elliptic curve cryptography utilises excellent performance across a wide range of hardware configurations in addition to having shorter key lengths. A High Throughput Multiplier design was described for Elliptic Cryptographic applications that are dependent on concurrent computations. A Proposed (Carry-Select) Division Architecture is explained and proposed throughout the whole of this work. Because of the carry-select architecture that was discussed in this article, the functionality of the divider has been significantly enhanced. The adder carry chain is reduced in length by this design by a factor of two, however this comes at the expense of additional adders and control. When it comes to designs for high throughput FFT, the total number of butterfly units that are implemented is what determines the amount of space that is needed by an FFT processor. In addition to blocks that may either add or subtract numbers, each butterfly unit also features blocks that can multiply numbers. The size of the region that is covered by these dual mathematical blocks is decided by the bit resolution of the models. When the bit resolution is increased, the area will also increase. The standard FFT approach requires that each stage contain  times as many butterfly units as the stage before it. This requirement must be met before moving on to the next stage

Study of surgical outcome of mid third clavicle fractures surgically managed by locking compression plate

Clavicle is one of the most frequently fractured bones in young and active individuals. They account for 2.6-12% of all fractures and for 44-66% of fractures around the shoulder. Majority of clavicle fractures are mid shaft (80-85%). Functional outcome of midshaft fracture not only depends on the union but also on its length which has to be maintained. Thus a displaced or comminuted fracture carries a risk of symptomatic malunion, non-union or poor functional outcome with cosmetic deformity. The recent trend is shifting to internal fixation of these displaced mid shaft clavicle fracture. This was a prospective study of 20 cases of fresh mid third clavicle fracture admitted to MNR medical college and hospital from August 2020 to September 2021. Cases were taken according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Medically unsuitable and patients not willing for surgery were excluded from the study. There were 17 male patients and 3 female patients with mid 1/3 closed clavicle fracture. 12 patients had right sided clavicle fracture and 8 patients had fracture of the left clavicle. All 20 fractures were closed fractures. Majority of the patients sustained fracture due to road traffic accident (high energy trauma) in 16 cases, fall from height in 3 cases and assault in one case. The mean duration to surgery from the day of presentation and injury was 2.1 days for middle third clavicle fractures. Functional outcome as assessed by constant and Murley scoring was favourable with excellent to good result in 97% cases and fair in 3% cases. The average constant score was 93.35 in one year follow up in middle third group. This study has some limitations. The conclusions drawn from this analysis cannot be generalized because of the small number of cases. In conclusion, for middle third clavicle fractures bony union could be achieved with locking compression plates and the clinical outcomes were satisfactory. All the fractures united and there were no cases of nonunion

Extent of Empowerment of Women Entrepreneurs on Entrepreneurial and Technological Empowerment

Empowerment of women entrepreneurs in the context of technology entails building up the abilities and skills of women to gain insight into the issues affecting them and also building up their capacity to voice their concerns. Technological empowerment of women entrepreneurs will open up avenues to further nrichment. By the use of technology women can broaden the scope of their activities. Hence the present paper focused on analyzing the entrepreneurial and technological empowerment of women entrepreneurs. Majority of the women entrepreneurs had medium level of entrepreneurial and low level of technological empowerment

Relationship between maternal iron and cord blood iron status: A prospective study

Background: Iron sufficiency is of paramount importance in the neonatal period. Controversy exists whether the transfer of iron to the fetus from the mother is determined by fetal demands or by maternal iron stores. Numerous studies correlating maternal and neonatal iron stores revealed conflicting results. Aims: To study the relationship between maternal and neonatal iron indices at birth and to observe the impact of gestational age on iron stores in neonates. Methods and Materials: This prospective study was conducted in neonatal care unit of the tertiary hospital. Total 195 mother and newborn pairs are enrolled in the study. Neonates were divided into groups based on gestational age. The maternal venous samples were collected 1 h ± 15 min before the delivery. Cord blood sample and venous samples were drawn from a peripheral vein in neonates who came for follow-up at 4 weeks. Samples were analyzed for hemoglobin (Hb), serum ferritin, serum iron, and total iron-binding capacity. Results: Significant positive correlation was found between maternal Hb and neonatal ferritin (Pearson’s correlation coefficient =0.26, p=0.002) and maternal iron and neonatal iron (Pearson’s correlation coefficient =0.294, p=0.000). Ferritin concentration of cord blood samples in neonates born to mothers with ferritin levels <12 μg/L showed significant correlation. Mean ferritin in preterm neonates (128.9±80.7 μg/dl) was significantly lower than in term neonates (156.9±78.6 μg/dl) (p=0.040). Mean Hb in preterm neonates (14.5±2.1 g/dl) was significantly lower than in term neonates (15.0±2.1 g/dl) (p=0.028). 4-week samples showed significantly lower serum iron concentrations in preterm when compared to term group. Serum ferritin levels at birth showed positive correlation at 4 weeks. (Pearson’s correlation coefficient =0.211, p=0.028). Conclusions: Neonatal iron stores are affected in case of severe maternal iron deficiency indicated by ferritin levels <12 μg/L. Gestational age has a significant impact on neonatal iron stores. Neonates with a deficient iron store at birth likely to have low iron stores at 4 weeks

ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SYZYGIUM ALTERNIFOLIUM BARK AGAINST HIGH-FAT DIET AND DEXAMETHASONE-INDUCED HYPERLIPIDEMIA IN RATS

Objective: The present study is an attempt to investigate its anti-hyperlipidemic activity of methanolic extract of Syzygium alternifolium (MESA) usinghigh-fat diet (HFDs) and dexamethasone-induced hyperlipidemia.Methods: MESA bark was evaluated for anti-hyperlipidemic activity in HFD and dexamethasone-induced hyperlipidemic rats. A comparison was alsomade between the action of S. alternifolium bark extract and a known anti-hyperlipidemic drug atorvastatin (10 mg/kg body weight). The results ofthe study were expressed as mean ± standard error, and data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance test followed by Dunnett's t-test formultiple comparisons. Values of p<0.05 were considered as significant.Results: Oral administration of 100, 200 mg/kg body weight of the MESA bark exhibited a significant reduction (p<0.01) in serum lipid parameterssuch as total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very LDL, and increase in high-density lipoprotein in hyperlipidemic rats of bothmodels as compared to hyperlipidemic control statistically. These extracts were found to possess better anti-hyperlipidemic potential.Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that MESA bark possessed significant anti-hyperlipidemic activity and hence it could be a potential herbalmedicine as an adjuvant with existing therapy for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.Keywords: Syzygium alternifolium, Hyperlipidemia, High-fat diet, Dexamethasone

Incidence and pattern of infections in pregnant women with bad obstetric history

Background: Adverse outcomes have been seen in pregnant women who had prior bad obstetric history along with infection with TORCH [toxoplasma, other infections (syphilis, varicella zoster, hepatitis B), rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex]complex and bacterial vaginosis. These infections are known to affect the health of the fetus. Objective was to study incidence and pattern of infections in pregnant women with bad obstetric history.Methods: A total of 190 patients with bad obstetric history fulfilling the methodology criteria were evaluated. Serological and molecular evaluations were carried out for TORCH complex and bacterial vaginosis was detected by both gram stain and gold standard clinical Amsel criteria and outcomes were followed.Results: Out of 190 pregnant women with bad obstetric history, a total of 36 (18.8%) were detected to have infections causing bad obstetric history. Toxoplasma was positive in 7 (20%) of the cases, 3 (51.92%) of them had abortions. Rubella in 12 (32%) of the cases, 7 (60%) cases had sensorineural deafness. Cytomegalovirus in 1 (2%) of the cases, 1 (100%) of the case had microcephaly. Herpes in 8 (22%) cases, 6 (71.1%) cases had abortions. Bacterial vaginosis in 8 (22%) of the cases, 4 (48.6%) cases had preterm delivery. The presence of infections with TORCH complex and bacterial vaginosis was related to adverse pregnancy outcomes.Conclusions: Women with bad obstetric history are prone to infections during pregnancy and have been found out to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Hence pregnant women should be screened so that early diagnosis and treatment of infections can be done to have better pregnancy outcomes

Research Travelogue on Applications of Augmented Reality

Augmented reality (AR) is an interactive experience of a real-world environment where the objects that reside in the real world are enhanced by computer-generated perceptual information, sometimes across multiple sensory modalities, including visual, auditory, haptic, somatosensory and olfactory.AR can be defined as a system that incorporates three basic features: a combination of real and virtual worlds, real-time interaction, and accurate 3D registration of virtual and real objects. This paper aims to provide an overview of current technologies and implementations of augmented reality as well as to describe the main application domains and outlining benefits. It also briefly describes about the powerful real time implementations of augmented reality and also its benefits