1,015 research outputs found
How International Law Standards Pervade Discourse on the Use of Armed Force - Insights into European and US Newspaper Debates between 1990 and 2005
For almost a decade, âpublic legitimacyâ has remained largely unaddressed in empirical international relations (IR) analyses of international legalization. Yet, this concept has behavioral consequences. IR scholars for long assume that a belief in the legitimacy of a norm may be one reason for a âcompliance pullâ on the international stage. The present study addresses this gap. It suggests a sociological conception of legalization observable in mass media debates and encompassing lawâs âpublic legitimacyâ, understood as the congruence between legal regulations and discursive practices to that effect that these rules are also accepted by the larger public. This conception is illustrated in European and US newspaper reporting about military interventions in the post-Cold War era (1990-2005). Based on a large-n media analysis, the study not only concludes that an âinternational rule of lawâ frame is heavily diffused across the communicative practices of European and US public spheres. It also shows that two legal norms in particular â human rights and United Nations (UN) multilateralism â generate a shared sense of âpublic legitimacyâ across the six countries analyzed.European Public Sphere; media; legitimacy; Europeanization; Europeanization
insights into European and US newspaper debates between 1990 and 2005
1\. Introduction 5 2\. A Richer View of Legalization 7 2.1 Legitimacy and IR
Legalization Research 7 2.2 Media as Settings for âPublic Legitimacyâ
Assessments of Law 7 2.3 Case Selection, Data, and Methods 9 3\. Framing the
Use of Force 10 3.1 The Visibility of International Law in European and US
Media 10 3.2 A Transnational âPublic Legitimacyâ of Law in Media Debates? 14
4\. Concluding Remarks 17 Literature 19 Appendix 21For almost a decade, âpublic legitimacyâ has remained largely unaddressed in
empirical international relations (IR) analyses of international legalization.
Yet, this concept has behavioral consequences. IR scholars for long assume
that a belief in the legitimacy of a norm may be one reason for a âcompliance
pullâ on the international stage. The present study addresses this gap. It
suggests a sociological conception of legalization observable in mass media
debates and encompassing lawâs âpublic legitimacyâ, understood as the
congruence between legal regulations and discursive practices to that effect
that these rules are also accepted by the larger public. This conception is
illustrated in European and US newspaper reporting about military
interventions in the post-Cold War era (1990-2005). Based on a large-n media
analysis, the study not only concludes that an âinternational rule of lawâ
frame is heavily diffused across the communicative practices of European and
US public spheres. It also shows that two legal norms in particular â human
rights and United Nations (UN) multilateralism â generate a shared sense of
âpublic legitimacyâ across the six countries analyzed
Under special consideration of the intraarticular pressure of the coffin-joint and its pathogenetic role.
Titel
Inhalt
Einleitung
Stand des Wissens im Schrifttum
Wissenschaftliche Fragestellung
Eigene Untersuchungen Material und Methode
Eigene Untersuchungen - Ergebnisse
Diskussion
Zusammenfassung
Summary
Schrifttum
Anhang
Danksagung und EigenstÀndigkeitserklÀrungDie vorliegende Arbeit beschÀftigt sich mit der Pathogenese, der Diagnostik
und der Therapie der HufgelenkentzĂŒndung des Pferdes (Podarthritis). Obwohl im
Zusammenhang mit der Podarthritis verschiedene pathoanatomische,
pathophysiologische und pathobiochemische VerÀnderungen des Hufgelenks und des
Strahlbeins beschrieben worden sind, konnte in der Literatur dennoch keine
schlĂŒssige Darstellung der Pathogenese der Erkrankung gefunden werden. Aus
Studien an verschiedenen anderen Spezies ist die Pathogenese der
GelenkentzĂŒndung im Allgemeinen aber gut bekannt. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden
Arbeit wird anhand der vorhandenen Literatur der pathogenetische Zusammenhang
zwischen Synovialitis, Erhöhung des Gelenkinnendrucks, Deformation der Canales
sesamoidales am Strahlbein, VerÀnderungen der gelenknahen Zirkulation und
intraossĂ€rer Druckerhöhung im Strahlbein aufgezeigt. DarĂŒber hinaus werden die
möglichen Schmerzquellen bei der Podarthritis erörtert. Aus dem Versuch die
bei den verschiedenen Teilerkrankungen des Podotrochlose-Syndroms zu
beobachtenden pathomorphologischen VerÀnderungen ursÀchlich in Zusammenhang zu
bringen, sind verschiedene Theorien fĂŒr die Pathogenese des Podotrochlose-
Syndroms entstanden. Obwohl diese Theorien in der Regel hypothetisch waren,
dienten sie als BegrĂŒndung fĂŒr den Einsatz zahlreicher systemisch wirkender
Arzneimittel zur Therapie des Podotrochlose-Syndroms. In der vorliegenden
Arbeit sind die in der Literatur beschriebenen TherapieansÀtze
zusammengestellt worden. Dem Stoff Cumarin wird eine antiphlogistische,
ödemreduzierende und gewebsprotektive Wirkung zugeschrieben. Der erfolgreiche
Einsatz von Cumarin bei der Podarthritis des Pferdes ist beschrieben worden
(FRICKER, 1995; STUKER UND FRICKER, 1997). Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit
ist die Wirksamkeit von Cumarin bei der Podarthritis anhand einer
randomisierten, placebokontrollierten Doppelblindstudie geprĂŒft worden. Eine
Wirksamkeit des Stoffes Cumarin konnte nicht nachgewiesen werden. Die
erwartete Dekompression des Hufgelenk-Strahlbein-Bereichs ist nicht oder nur
unzureichend erzielt worden. Insgesamt haben 33 Pferde mit Podarthritis an der
Studie teilgenommen. Dabei ist der Verlauf der Erkrankung bei den einzelnen
Patienten ĂŒber einen Zeitraum von mindestens zwei bis zu fĂŒnf Monaten
beobachtet worden. Als Kriterien fĂŒr die ĂberprĂŒfung des Therapieerfolgs
dienten der Grad der Lahmheit, die Messwerte des Hufgelenkinnendrucks und in
entsprechenden FĂ€llen der Grad der Belastung des nicht mehr lahmenden Pferdes.
Die entstandenen Messreihen des Hufgelenkinnendrucks sind ĂŒber die
WirksamkeitsprĂŒfung von Cumarin hinaus ausgewertet worden. Hierbei sind der
Zusammenhang zwischen Lahmheit und Druckerhöhung, der Zusammenhang zwischen
der Höhe des Drucks und der Dauer der Erkrankung und der Zusammenhang zwischen
der Höhe des Drucks und dem Ausmaà der röntgenologischen VerÀnderungen an den
Canales sesamoidales untersucht worden. Es hat sich erneut gezeigt, dass das
Verfahren der Hufgelenkdruckmessung eine wertvolle ErgÀnzung zu den bewÀhrten
klinischen und radiologischen Untersuchungstechniken darstellt. In der Zeit
der Rekonvaleszenz erhĂ€lt die Druckmessung auĂerdem eine Bedeutung als
FunktionsprĂŒfung, so können die Messwerte des Hufgelenkinnendrucks bei der
Entscheidung helfen, ab wann und in welchem MaĂe die Belastung des erkrankten
Gelenks wieder zu steigern ist.This doctoral thesis focuses on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of the
coffin-joint synovitis in horses (podal arthritis). Though several different
pathoanatomical, pathophysiological and pathobiochemical transformations of
the coffin-joint and the navicular-bone are described in the context of the
coffin-joint synovitis a comprehensive explanation of the pathogenesis of this
disease still does not exist in literature. Nevertheless several studies in
other species revealed the general pathogenetic processes of joint
inflammation. Based on the existing scientific literature this thesis
summarizes and explains the pathogenetic relationship between synovitis,
alterations of the periarticular blood-circulation and the intraosseal
pressure increase within the navicular-bone. In addition potential sources for
the development of pain are discussed. Various theories for the pathogenesis
of navicular disease are originally derived from the attempt to develop
correlations between the three different aspects of this complex of diseases
(podotrochlear tendon injury/ bursitis podotrochlearis; ligament injury of the
navicular bone; coffin-joint synovitis) considering its specific
pathomorphological changes. Based on these hypothetical theories many
therapeutic concepts using different systemic drugs were initiated for the
treatment of navicular disease. The different therapeutical approaches
published in literature are presented and discussed within this thesis.
Cumarin is characterized as an antiphlogistical, anti-edematous and tissue-
protective substance. In literature successful cumarin treatment of podal
arthritis in horses was described (FRICKER, 1995; STUKER UND FRICKER, 1997).
The study evaluated the efficacy of cumarin for the treatment of podal
arthritis in a randomized, placebo-controlled and double-blinded clinical
trial. Efficacy of the substance cumarin could not be proven in this trial.
The expected decompression of the coffin-joint navicular-bone complex was not
or only to a limited extent achieved. Overall 33 horses with podal arthritis
were included in this study and the course of the diseases was monitored over
a minimal period of two to five months. For the evaluation of the efficacy of
cumarin the following criteria were defined and assessed: degree of lameness,
intra-articular pressure of the coffin-joint, and in dedicated cases level of
regular work of the convalescent horses. Beside the main question of the
efficacy of cumarin the data collected in the study were analyzed regarding a
correlation between intraarticular pressure increase and (a) lameness, (b)
duration of the disease, as well as (c) level of radiological changes of the
canales sesamoidales. The results revealed that the measurement of the
intraarticular pressure is a useful diagnostic tool complementing standard
clinical and radiological examination techniques. During the period of
convalescence measurement of intraarticular pressure plays an additional role
as functional test to define the time to re-start and increase the level of
regular work for the injured joint
Reproductive management in dairy heifers: Comparison of timed artificial insemination and insemination on observed estrus
Titelblatt,Gutachter,AbkĂŒrzungsverzeichnis,Inhaltsverzeichnis,
Lebenslauf,SelbststÀndigkeitserklÀrung, Danksagung
1.Einleitung
2.LiteraturĂŒbersicht
3\. Material und Methode
4\. Ergebnisse
5\. Diskussion
6\. Zusammenfassung
7\. Summary
LiteraturverzeichnisZiel der vorliegenden Untersuchung war es, die Fortpflanzungsleistung von
FĂ€rsen zu verbessern und neue Erkenntnisse ĂŒber die Follikeldynamik nach
Brunstsynchronisation mit GnRH und PGF2 bei FĂ€rsen zu gewinnen. In einer
brandenburgischen FĂ€rsenaufzuchtanlage wurden in drei Versuchsabschnitten
jeweils zwei verschiedene Synchronisationsprogramme miteinander verglichen.
Das Grundschema der Brunstsynchronisation aller Programme basierte auf der
Verabreichung von GnRH (Fertagyl Âź , Intervet) und Luprostiol (Prostaglandin
F2 - Analogon, Pronilen Âź , Intervet) im Abstand von sieben Tagen. In der
Kontrollgruppe (Programm 1) wurden die Tiere nach der Gabe von PGF2 in einer
fĂŒnftĂ€gigen Brunstbeobachtungsperiode besamt. Im ersten Versuchsabschnitt
wurde Programm 1 (Kontrollgruppe) mit einer terminierten Doppelbesamung, die
72 und 96 Stunden nach Verabreichung von PGF2 durchgefĂŒhrt wurde (Programm 2),
verglichen. Im zweiten Versuchsabschnitt wurde Programm 1 mit einer
terminierten Doppelbesamung, die 72 und 104 Stunden nach Verabreichung von
PGF2???? durchgefĂŒhrt wurde (Programm 3), verglichen. Im letzten
Versuchsabschnitt wurde Programm 1 mit Programm 4 verglichen. FĂ€rsen in
Programm 4 wurden 72 und 96 Stunden nach der Gabe von PGF2 terminiert besamt
und erhielten zusÀtzlich zur ersten Besamung eine GnRH- Injektion. Die
Follikeldynamik dieser FĂ€rsen wurde in einer Periode von 48 bis 104 Stunden
nach der PGF2- Injektion mittels Ultraschall untersucht. Die Untersuchungen
wurden zweimal tÀglich an drei aufeinanderfolgenden Tagen, jeweils am Morgen
und am Nachmittag, durchgefĂŒhrt. Die Durchmesser der gröĂten Follikel wurden
verfolgt und dokumentiert. Der Ovulationszeitpunkt charakterisierte sich
dadurch, daà ein sprungreifer Follikel von einem auf den nÀchsten
Untersuchungstermin nicht mehr aufzufinden war.This study was conducted to improve reproductive efficiency and to increase
the knowledge of follicular dynamics after synchronization of estrus with GnRH
and Prostaglandin F2 in dairy heifers. Three experiments were carried out on a
confinement housing heifer raising unit in Brandenburg. Each experiment
compared reproductive management protocols based on synchronization of estrus
by means of treating heifers with GnRH (Fertagyl Intervet) 7 days apart. The
control group of all experiments was watched for signs of estrus during 5 days
after the administration of PGF2. In experiment 1 this procedure (Group 1a)
was compared to two timed artificial inseminations (TAI) carried out 72 and 96
hours after the application of PGF2(Group 2). In experiment 2 Group 1b was
compared to a group inseminated twice at 72 and 104 hours after treatment with
PGF2(Group 3). In experiment 3, Group 1c was compared to Group 4. Heifers in
Group 4 were inseminated twice at 72 and 96 hours after treatment with PGF2
but received a second dose of GnRH at the first insemination. Follicular
dynamics were observed by ultrasound during a period between 48 and 104 hours
after PGF2 in all groups. Examinations were carried out twice daily in the
morning and in the afternoon on three consecutive days. The diameter of large
follicles was documented in a spreadsheet. An ovulation was characterized by
the disappearance of a large diameter follicle, that had been observed during
the previous examination. In experiment 1 conception rates did not differ
between the two groups (46.9 % vs. 53.6 %, p>0.05). However, as all heifers in
Group 2 were inseminated, pregnancy rates on induced estrus were higher in
Group 2 (40.6 % vs. 53.6 %, p<0.05). Insemination of heifers returning to
estrus in Group 1a compensated for this (Conception rate: 88,2%), so that the
number of pregnancies per time interval was significantly higher in Group 1a
than in Group 2
How international law standards pervade discourse on the use of armed force: insights into European and US newspaper debates between 1990 and 2005
For almost a decade, âpublic legitimacyâ has remained largely unaddressed in empirical international relations (IR) analyses of international legalization. Yet, this concept has behavioral consequences. IR scholars for long assume that a belief in the legitimacy of a norm may be one reason for a âcompliance pullâ on the international stage. The present study addresses this gap. It suggests a sociological conception of legalization observable in mass media debates and encompassing lawâs âpublic legitimacyâ, understood as the congruence between legal regulations and discursive practices to that effect that these rules are also accepted by the larger public. This conception is illustrated in European and US newspaper reporting about military interventions in the post-Cold War era (1990-2005). Based on a large-n media analysis, the study not only concludes that an âinternational rule of lawâ frame is heavily diffused across the communicative practices of European and US public spheres. It also shows that two legal norms in particular â human rights and United Nations (UN) multilateralism â generate a shared sense of âpublic legitimacyâ across the six countries analyzed
Influence of Attitudes on Willingness to Choose Time-of-Use Electricity Tariffs in Germany. Evidence from Factor Analysis
Time-of-use (TOU) electricity tariffs are a demand side measure to ease balancing of demand and supply to cope with a rising share of renewables in a countryâs electricity mix. In general, consumers require compensation for accepting these tariffs. This study analyzes how attitudes drive consumersâ willingness to choose a TOU tariff in Germany. To identify attitudinal profiles, I use an exploratory factor analysis on items capturing positive and negative attitudes towards TOU tariffs, climate change awareness, and belief in energy saving measures. I use these factors as predictors in an ordered logit specification to estimate consumersâ stated willingness to choose a TOU tariff. Three factors are significant: positive and negative attitudes towards TOU tariffs, and climate change awareness. These findings highlight that decision makers who aim at balancing demand and supply through the use of TOU tariffs should focus on informing consumers about the positive impacts of these tariffs on climate change mitigation, grid stability, and possible energy savings
The Institutional Process of Repatriation of Indigenous Heritage: The Case of the Sami Drum Freavnantjahke gievrie
This paper addresses the repatriation debate about the South Sami Freavnantjahke gievrie that was taken from its owner, the Sami Bendix Andersen Frennings Fjeld, in 1723 by the missionary Thomas von Westen. After the confiscation, the drum came to the Danish royal family and was gifted in 1757 to the noble family Saxony-Hildburghausen in what is now Thuringia, Germany. Today the gievrie is in possession of the Meininger Museen. In 2017, the drum was exhibited on loan in Trondheim at the exhibition "Hvem eier historien?" [Who owns history?], which was the impetus for the repatriation debate. The South Sami Museum Saemien Sijte requested a meeting with the German museum in 2021 to discuss a repatriation of the drum.
This thesis explores the different perspectives of Saemien Sijte and the Meininger Museen on the Freavnantjahke gievrie, its value to their institutions and the affects that its repatriation could have on their respective communities. Through interviews with the museum directors, Dr. Birgitta Fossum and Dr. Philipp Adlung, their positions on repatriation, identity, traditional knowledge, colonization as well as decolonization in relation to museums are presented. The drumâs contemporary value for the South Sami community is examined in context of Sami history, previous repatriation projects of Sami cultural heritage and research by non-Sami scholars.
Through the insight into the interest of both institutions in managing and displaying the drum this work seeks to identify the challenges and opportunities that the repatriation of the Freavnantjahke gievrie entails and contribute to the debate
Picard-Fuchs equations of special one-parameter families of invertible polynomials
The thesis deals with calculating the Picard-Fuchs equation of special
one-parameter families of invertible polynomials. In particular, for an
invertible polynomial we consider the family
, where denotes the
parameter. For the families of hypersurfaces defined by these polynomials, we
compute the Picard-Fuchs equation, i.e. the ordinary differential equation
which solutions are exactly the period integrals. For the proof of the exact
appearance of the Picard-Fuchs equation we use a combinatorial version of the
Griffiths-Dwork method and the theory of \GKZ systems. As consequences of our
work and facts from the literature, we show the relation between the
Picard-Fuchs equation, the Poincar\'{e} series and the monodromy in the space
of period integrals.Comment: Ph.D. Thesis, 103 pages, 29 figure
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