Worm-like carbon shell chains produced from wood

Large-scale utilization of wood which command absolute majority in biomass for functional carbon precursors contributes to reduce greenhouse effect. Wood char generally has a limit on material usage because of its non-graphitic structure^1^, so we developed a new functional wood char by iron-, or nickel-catalyzed carbonization, which has a graphite-like structure with mesopores good for electroconductivity and liquid phase adsorption capacity for macro molecules^2-5^. However the fine structure of the wood char is still not clear. Here we report more than 70 wt % of iron-catalyzed wood char is filled with chained carbon shells formed by 3~20 defective stacking layers of carbon hexagonal planes, which look like nanometer-sized worms swarm. We name them "carbon shell chains". The discussion of the formation mechanism reveals that the wood cell wall plays an important role for their efficient production. They are stable at 1800 ºC under vacuum, but in air, burn under 600 ºC, and are perfectly conversed into hydrogen and carbon monoxide in a short time by steam at 900 ºC. The control of their decomposition will bring out a new talent in the wood char as a big source of supply for nano-graphite or nano-graphene, for which nanometer size and edge effects have recently attracted considerable attention^6^. In addition, a simple and easy preparation of carbon shell chains implies that they may be naturally produced on or in the earth rich in iron, and might be misinterpreted as nano-worms, though most of them may decompose into organic gases

Ecological Rehabilitation and Restoration of Mangrove Forests and Coastal Swamp Ecosystems in Vietnam

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

1939 ― Britainʼs Choice : In Connection with the Recent Research Concerning the Britainʼs 1930s

journal articl

NATURAL/SEMI-NATURAL MANGROVE GEO-ECOSYSTEM ESTABLISH BY PLANTATION IN CAN GIO DISTRICT, HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF DOMINANTLY PLANTED SPECIES, RHYZOPHORE APICULATA, AND MICROCLIMATE IN THE MANGROVE FOREST IN CAN GIO DISTRICT, HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

Detection and in situ switching of unreversed interfacial antiferromagnetic spins in a perpendicular-exchange-biased system

By using the perpendicular-exchange-biased Pt/Co/α-Cr₂O₃ system, we provide experimental evidence that the unreversed uncompensated Cr spins exist at the Co/α-Cr₂O₃ interface. The unreversed uncompensated Cr spin manifests itself in both the vertical shift of an element-specific magnetization curve and the relative peak intensity of soft-x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectrum. We also demonstrate an in situ switching of the interfacial Cr spins and correspondingly a reversal of the exchange bias without interfacial atomic diffusion. Such switching shows the direct relationship between the interfacial antiferromagnetic spins and origin of the exchange bias. The demonstrated switching of exchange bias would likely offer a new design of advanced spintronics devices, using the perpendicular-exchange-biased system, with low power consumption and ultrafast operation.Y.Shiratsuchi, H.Noutomi, H.Oikawa, et al. Detection and in situ switching of unreversed interfacial antiferromagnetic spins in a perpendicular-exchange-biased system. Physical Review Letters 109, 077202 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.077202

コウガクブ トクベツケンキュウ ホウコクショ コウガク ニ オケル リッタイガゾウ カイセキシステム ノ カイハツ オウヨウ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ

The great development of computers and their rconnected terminals is producing the development of image technology and also the easy operation by networks for users. Given assistance of the special fiscal 1988 and 1989 budgets in the Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Polytechnics, this project started in cooperation with the laboratories interested in the application of the image information. In order to fulfill graphic functions and image processor simultaneously by one system, which will be the most powerful research tool in the near future, IRIS 4D/50GT graphic computer and NEXUS image processor were purchased and connected with VME BUS so that a part of the multi-functional system was completed. As several analysis about the information of the three-dimensional image were conducted using the system, the abstract is reported