Efectos de la ruptura digital en prácticas de medios populares en Brasil

This article discusses the digital disruption in popular media practices in Brazil. It is based on interviews conducted from 2014 to 2016 with 55 communicators attached to 20 social movements and community associations all over the country. The results show a prevalence of analogical media that coexist with different grades of appropriation of digital technologies. The lack of resources explains part of this coexistence, so socioeconomic conditions still represent a barrier for the development of popular media. But there are also practical and strategical reasons that justify these choices. Mainly, it is important to observe how digital disruption is a long standing process that transforms practices both in the level of technical options but also in the sense of developing media for social change.Este artículo analiza los efectos de la ruptura digital en las prácticas de medios populares en Brasil. Se basa en entrevistas realizadas entre 2014 y 2016 con 55 comunicadores vinculados a 20 movimientos sociales y asociaciones comunitarias en todo el país. Los resultados muestran una prevalencia de medios analógicos que coexisten con diferentes grados de apropiación de tecnologías digitales. La falta de recursos explica parte de esta convivencia, ya que las condiciones socioeconómicas aún representan una barrera para el desarrollo de los medios populares. Pero también hay razones prácticas y estratégicas que justifican las elecciones. Principalmente, es importante observar cómo la disrupción digital es un proceso a largo plazo que transforma las prácticas tanto en el nivel de opciones técnicas como en el sentido de desarrollar medios para el cambio social

Práticas mediáticas durante as manifestações brasileiras de 2013

Este artigo discute a forma como uma série de manifestações nacionais no Brasil, em 2013, embutiu um debate relevante em torno do julgamento social em relação às práticas jornalísticas e um consequente “desejo de reforma” em direção a um “jornalismo ideal”. Também discute a hipótese de que os media comunitários e alternativos contribuem, regularmente, para desenvolver o jornalismo e a melhorar a democracia. A reflexão é baseada numa abordagem em duas etapas. A primeira delas consiste na observação da evolução da cobertura mediática sobre os protestos, por meio da análise das primeiras páginas do jornal Folha de S. Paulo. A segunda etapa refere-se à inclusão de reivindicações relacionadas com os media nas manifestações e às suas raízes nas lutas pela democratização dos media no país, e se fundamenta em entrevistas com 11 mediativistas brasileiros

Assessment of soft tissue facial profile, nasal airway morphology and dental arch features in adult malay obstructive sleep apnea patients using geometric morphometric analysis

a serious public health problem. The objectives of this study were to localize and quantify the differences in facial soft tissue profile, nasal airway morphology and dental arch features in adults Malay with and without OSA using geometric morphometric analysis. One hundred and twenty adult Malays aged 18-65 years (mean± SD, 33.2 ± 13.31) were divided into two groups of 60. Both OSA and control groups undergone clinical examination and limited channel polysomnography. Only 108 subjects (54 in each group) were able to complete facial soft tissue imaging, acoustic rhinometry (AR) measurements, and upper and lower dental impression. Nine facial soft tissue and 25 upper and lower study models homologous landmarks were digitized using MorphoStudio software to obtain the x, y, z coordinates. The minimal cross section l(MCAl) and minimal cross sectional2 (MCA2) were also obtained from AR. The mean OSA and control were computed, and subjected to t-test and geometric morphometric analysis. The mean body mass index was found to be significantly greater for the OSA group (33.2kg/m2 ± 6.5) when compared to the control group (22.7 kg/m2 ± 3.5 p < 0.001). The mean neck size was also greater for the OSA group (43.6cm ± 6.02) compared to the control group (22.7cm ± 3.52, p < 0.001). Using geometric morphometric analysis, significant differences were found in facial soft tissue profile between the two groups. These differences were localized in the bucco-submandibular regions of the face predominantly, with inter-landmark distances indicating an increase in size of7-22% in OSA groups (p < 0.05). For nasal airway morphology, the mean MCA1 and MCA2 on the AR graph were found to be significantly smaller in the OSA group than control group (p < 0.001). Using geometric morphometric analysis on AR data, significant differences were found in nasal airway morphology between the two groups . Specifically, the mean nasal airway were significantly narrower in OSA groups with decreased in size ("'10-22%) appears in nasal valve I head of inferior turbinate area predominantly. For dental arch features, the mean upper and lower OSA dental arch morphologies were significantly narrower in widths with an increase in upper and lower dental arch length when compared with control subjects (p < 0.05). Specifically, the mean OSA configuration of the upper arch was 7-11% narrower in the transverse plane in the incisor and canine regions compared to the control configuration, and inter-landmark analysis confi1med this finding. For the lower arch, the mean OSA configuration was lOll% narrower in the premolar and molar regions. In conclusion, there were clearly definable differences in the facial soft tissues profile, nasal airway morphology and dental arch features when comparing patients with OSA to controls, with obesity acting as an additional risk factor in this particular group of Malay patients. These differences need to be recognized since they can improve our understanding of etiological basis of OSA disorder, facilitate the limited availability of diagnostic setup, and provide valuable screening information in the identification of patients with undiagnosed OS A

XIII Asean ORLand Head & Neck Congress Siem Reap, Komboja 18-20 November 2009

Subglottic stenosrs maybe congenital or acquired. Both have typical characteristics and presentations. Despite great advances have been made in the surgrcal techniques, the management of paedratnc subglottic stenosis remains challenging for the otolaryngologist Often the operation is very much tarlored to the needs of the individual patrents. In addition, the surgeon managing the problem must be fully trained in paediatric airway endoscopy and laryngotracheal surgery as inappropriate inrtral management may lead to permanent rntractable sequelae The management rnclude the hrstory of stridor, medrcal history, assessment of seventy of stridor, assessment of the arrway, appropriate treatment and posl-operatrve management The presentation will hrghlrght some of the lessons learned dunng the learnrng curve in the management of paediatnc subglottic stenosis rn Universiti Sains Malaysi

Paediatric laryngotracheal Cases: Universiti Sains Malaysia Experience

There are many inherent challenges in the evaluation and management of children with laryngotracheal disorders, and differ widely from one institution to another. The main challenges include access to suitable equipment, fully trained surgeon and, cooperation with the anaesthetist and paediatrician. During the past five years great advances have been made in managing paediatric airway cases in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery at Universiti Sains Malaysia. The paediatric laryngotracheal cases undergoing microlaryngoscopy and bronchoscopy from 2004 to 2008 are presented. More than 80 cases have been reviewed. The most commonly presenting symptom was stridor. Other reasons for referral were laryngotracheal stenosis, foreign body inhalation, unresolved lung disease, failed extubation, examination prior to decannulation and hoarseness. Interventions were varied and tailored to each problem. The management include observation, medical treatment, closed (encdoscopic) techniques and open surgery

In Vivo Study of CORAGRAF: A Preliminary Results.

Natural coral is a bone graft substitute, which has been widely used' in maxillofacial, orthopaedic, ORL and periodontal surgery

Genotoxicity study of sea coral used as bone replacement material

Most of the methods available today to detect carcinogens and mutagens are based upon the principle that genotoxicity/mutagenicity may serve as an indicator of carcinogenic potential.This in vitro study was made to evaluate the genotoxicity characteristic of coral of Porites sp. produced by the National Tissue Bank, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), by using the Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay test or Ames test.The Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay of the coral material was performed on Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TAIOO, TA1535, TA1537 and Escherichia coli strain WP2 uvr A using the preincubation method in the presence and absence of an exogenous metabolic activation system. The results showed the numbers of revertant colonies of all strains which -were treated with the test substance were less than twice that of each negative control with and without S9 Mix.In conclusion the results of the tests showed that the coral material was considered to have no reverse mutagenic potential under the present test condition

Review: A critical overview of limitations CFD Modeling in nasal airflow.

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of nasal airflow has been carried out by several researchers. Virtual surgical treatment and aerosol deposition studies have also been conducted. However, the appropriateness of such modeling practices with regards to modeling and medical constraints needs careful consideration. The current numerical models for the study of nasal airflow, developed from the scanned images obtained from computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, are influenced by postural changes. These models neglect the mucous layer, other vital anatomical features, and nasal cycle effects, CFD studies make numerous assumptions that seriously limit their usefulness. Unless these constraints can be addressed, the interpretation of results from a CFD output cannot be considered as an appropriate definition of the flow behavior. This review provides a critical overview of the limit actions of the CFD mode ling of nasal air-low. Some of the limitations and constraints associated with CFD modeling are reviewed and possible studies that could be carried out in the future to ascertain the effect of neglecting these parameters are discussed. This study also proposes a standard station of the computational modeling procedure, which is necessary for studying airflow inside the nasal cavity

Deconstruyendo la comunicación participativa y el desarrollo de la sociedad civil en 2020: una perspectiva inspirada en Paulo Freire

Este artículo examina las “huellas intelectuales” de Paulo Freire en relación con procesos de cambio social en Brasil, prestando especial atención a cómo su pedagogía liberadora ha influido en prácticas de comunicación participativa y de desarrollo de la sociedad civil. Concretamente, los autores posicionamos la obra y visión de Paulo Freire dentro de una epistemología de la comunicación. Junto con ello, bosquejamos un breve pero riguroso examen de la historia y el desarrollo de procesos de participación ciudadana en Brasil entre 1950 y 2020, identificando fases clave de desarrollo democrático y la relación de éstas con el legado de Freire. Sugerimos que, en vez de representar la encarnación de políticas específicas o proyectos educacionales al amparo del Estado, Paulo Freire se ha transformado en símbolo e inspiración para una amplia gama de la sociedad civil brasileña, influyendo profundamente en procesos de cambio social en diversas formas y contextos.This article explores the “mindprint” of Paulo Freire upon processes of social change in Brazil, with a particular focus on how his liberating pedagogy has influenced practices of participatory communication and civil society development. In exploring the legacy of Freire, his work is approached from the perspective of communication. This constitutes an original contribution as it positions Freire’s work within a communication epistemology and his vision as one of communication. A brief rigorous review is conducted of the history and development of citizen engagement in Brazil from the 1950s until 2020, identifying key phases of democratic development, and the legacy of Freire herein assessed. It is found that rather than representing specific policies or formal educational projects, Paulo Freire has become a key symbol and inspiration that has influenced a broad gamut of civil society, and continues, in a variety of forms and contexts, to inspire social change processes in Brazil

De-constructing participatory communication and civil society development in 2020: A perspective inspired by Paulo Freire

This article explores the “mindprint” of Paulo Freire upon processes of social change in Brazil, with a particular focus on how his liberating pedagogy has influenced practices of participatory communication and civil society development. In exploring the legacy of Freire, his work is approached from the perspective of communication. This constitutes an original contribution as it positions Freire’s work within a communication epistemology and his vision as one of communication. A brief rigorous review is conducted of the history and development of citizen engagement in Brazil from the 1950s until 2020, identifying key phases of democratic development, and the legacy of Freire herein assessed. It is found that rather than representing specific policies or formal educational projects, Paulo Freire has become a key symbol and inspiration that has influenced a broad gamut of civil society, and continues, in a variety of forms and contexts, to inspire social change processes in Brazil