Identifying Areas Affected By Fires In Sumatra Based On TIME Series Of Remotely Sensed Fire Hotspots And Spatial Modeling

Wildfires threaten the environment not only at local scales, but also at wider scales. Rapid monitoring system to detect active wildfires has been provided by satellite remote sensing technology, particularly through the advancement on thermal infrared sensors. However, satellite-based fire hotspots data, even at relatively high temporal resolution of less than one-day revisit period, such as time series of fire hotspots collected from TERRA and AQUA MODIS, do not tell exactly if they are fire ignitions or fire escapes, since other factors like wind, slope, and fuel biomass significantly drive the fire spread. Meanwhile, a number of biophysical fire simulation models have been developed, as tools to understand the roles of biophysical factors on the spread of wildfires. Those models explicitly incorporate effects of slope, wind direction, wind speed, and vegetative fuel on the spreading rate of surface fire from the ignition points across a fuel bed, based on either field or laboratory experiments. Nevertheless, none of those models have been implemented using real time fire data at relatively large extent areas. This study is aimed at incorporating spatially explicit time series data of weather (i.e. wind direction and wind speed), remotely sensed fuel biomass and remotely sensed fire hotspots, as well as incorporating more persistent biophysical factors (i.e. terrain), into an agent-based fire spread model, in order to identify fire ignitions within time series of remotely sensed fire hotspots

Analisis Unjuk Kerja He Tipe Plat Reaktor Kartini Dengan Metode Hilang Tekanan (Pressure Drop).

ANALISIS UNJUK KERJA HE TIPE PLAT REAKTOR KARTINI DENGAN METODE HILANG TEKANAN (PRESSURE DROP). Telah dilakukan analisis unjuk kerja HE tipe plat reactor Kartini menggunakan metode hilang tekanan (ΔP). Analisis dilaksanakan setelah perawatan HE dengan cara pelepasan plat-plat nya untuk dibersihkan, sesuai dengan prosedur perawatan. Berdasarkan data hilang tekanan pada sisi primer ΔP11 = 0,6 kg/cm2 dan hilang tekanan tekanan sisi sekunder ΔAP12 = 2,9 kg/cm2 Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa setelah dioverhoul, dibersihkan dan diuji untuk operasi reaktor pada daya 100kW, HE telah mengalami kenaikan unjuk kerja yaitu ΔUf = 930,144 W/m2. K; Δɛ = 0,04; ΔCs = 0,426; ΔCf = 0,274; ΔNTU 0,025 dan ΔQact = 20,635.kW

Indonesia's forest conversion moratorium assessed with an agent-based model of Land-Use Change and Ecosystem Services (LUCES)

The Indonesian government recently confirmed its Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) to mitigate global climate change. A forest moratorium policy that protects forest and peatland is a significant part of the INDCs; however, its effectiveness is unclear in the face of complex land-use and land-cover change. This study aims to assess the dynamics of land-use change and ecosystem service supply as a function of local decision-making. We developed an agent-based model, Land-Use Change and Ecosystem Services (LUCES), and used it to explore the possible effects of the forest moratorium policy on the land-use decisions of private companies and communities. Our simulations for two districts in Central Kalimantan show that the current implementation of the forest moratorium policy is not effective in reducing forest conversion and carbon emissions. This is because companies continue to invest in converting secondary forest on mineral soils and the moratorium does not affect community decision-making. A policy that combines a forest moratorium with livelihood support and increases farm-gate prices of forest and agroforestry products could increase the local communities’ benefits from conservation. Forest and agroforestry areas that are profitable and competitive are more likely to be conserved and reduce potential carbon emission by about 36 %. The results for the two districts, with different pressures on local resources, suggest that appropriate additional measures require local fine-tuning. The LUCES model could be an ex ante tool to facilitate such fine-tuning and help the Indonesian government achieve its INDC goals as part of a wider sustainable development policy