Air pollution as the factor of the influence on the life quality of the population

The paper presents the results of the analysis of the dynamics of the pollutant emissions from stationary sources into the air space in the industrial center. It is established that the dynamics of the emissions of the major air pollutants has a stable tendency to decrease. An exception is the inclusion of black carbon in the atmospheric air; the dynamics of its emission is characterized by the trend to increase. It is shown that the concentration of many metallurgical enterprises in the limited territory creates a high degree of the surface air pollution that induces the increased risk of adverse reflex reactions among the population of the city. Coke production characterized by high constancy of atmospheric emissions during a year makes a stable contribution to the risk of chronic intoxication of the inhabitants of the residential areas adjacent to the sanitary-protection zone of the metallurgical complex

Determining the effect of the duration of alternating acoustic excitation on electromagnetic response parameters of the composite

The paper presents the results of the experimental investigation dealing with the effect of the alternating excitation acoustic pulse duration on the parameters of the electromagnetic emission caused by interaction of acoustic vibrations with inhomogeneities in the sample structure, piezoelectric inclusions and media interfaces of different dielectric properties. The model sample was epoxy resin with quartz sand as filler. The electrical component of the response was recorded with a capacitive transducer. The acoustic pulse was generated by piezoelectric transducer at frequencies of 57 kHz, 65 kHz, 74 kHz, 87.5 kHz and 94.5 kHz with the pulse duration varying from 10 ?s to 100 ?s. It is shown that the reduced duration of the acoustic action leads to dominance of the intrinsic frequency in the spectrum. A contribution of tensile pulses to acoustic electromagnetic transformation response generation is revealed

The Relationship Between the Parameters of the Electric and the Acoustic Signal with the Destruction of Concrete Under Cyclic Freeze-Thaw

The paper presents the research results of the effect of formation crack process on the parameters of the electric and acoustic response to impact excitation. The physical basis of mechanoelectric transformations is described. It was found that with increasing number of freeze-thaw cycles observed increase of the attenuation coefficient of energy of the electric and acoustic response by a linear relationship. Differences in the dynamics of change of attenuation coefficient of energy of the electric and acoustic response associated with differences in formation and registration of electric and acoustic response

THE ESTIMATION OF RISK FOR DEVELOPMENT OF DISEASES DUE TO WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION EXPOSURE IN THE WORKERS OF TURBINE SHOPS OF THERMAL POWER STATIONS

The estimation of risk for development of diseases due to whole body vibration exposure on the basis of spectral characteristics at the workplaces in turbine shops of thermal power stations was carried out. The highest average equivalent levels of whole-body vibration by speeding up of vibration and. vibration velocity were observed at the workplaces of turbine machinists of Kuznetsk Thermal Power Station and. the Western-Siberian Thermal Power Station; in the machinists-inspectors of turbine equipment the indicators were a little bit lower. At the workplaces of turbine machinists the highest levels of risk for backache in the lower part and autonomic sensory polyneuropathy syndromes development were registered at the Western-Siberian Thermal Power Station and the Southern-Kuzbass Thermal Power Station, little smaller indicators were observed at Tom-Usinsk Thermal Power Station and Kuznetsk Thermal Power Station

SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NOISE IN THE WORKERS OF MAIN DEPARTMENTS OF THE ENTERPRISES OF ALUMINIUM AND THERMAL POWER INDUSTRIES

The study of the spectral characteristics of noise levels in the workers of main departments of the enterprises of aluminium and thermal power industries had shown that equivalent sound levels in electrolysis shops at the workplaces of those engaged in electrolysis and anodic production exceeded permissible indicators on 7,1 and 11,8 dBA; in boiler shops of a thermal power station at the workplaces of boiler machinists, machinists-inspectors of boiler equipment and mill machinists the excess in permissible indicators was 22,2 dBA, 21,4 dBA and 29,3 dBA accordingly. It was established that noise in boiler and turbine shops of a thermal power station was broadband and exceeded maximum permissible values in all parts of a spectrum. In the turbine shops of a thermal power station noise levels more often exceeded maximum permissible levels in low- and high-frequency parts of a spectrum

Risk assessment of the adverse impact of industrial synthesis of benzodiazepine drugs on human health

Among the occupational and work-related diseases of employees in pharmaceutical industry the leading positions belong to the diseases caused by long-term work under the conditions of relatively low concentrations of hazard substances. The study and evaluation of risks will eliminate or reduce the impact, thereby, enhancing the quality of life. Synthetic drugs - benzodiazepine derivatives by the values of middle-lethal doses are substances of the 111 class of hazard and cause slight irritating effect to the skin and mucous membranes of the eyes; skin-resorptive and sensitizing effects have not been identified. For the studied benzodiazepine derivatives the safe exposure levels have been approved in the following values: nozepam -1 mg/m3; mezapam - 0.3 mg/m3; sibazon - 0.2 mg/m3; alprazolam - 0.1 mg/m3. On the base of the toxicological studies the parameters of the hazardous effects on the body have been identified allowing for a final risk characterization. The article presents the results of the calculation of the potential dose that may be received by the employee during the working shift in the synthesis of products of this series. Calculation of safe level of exposure is based on a threshold concentration of substances. Drags risk factors by inhalation have been calculated by comparing the value of the potential dose of a xenobiotic received for one shift by inhalation with its level of safe effect under the same route of exposure. The estimated hazard ratios for the studied substances demonstrate a low probability of adverse effects on the workers during the production of nozepam and alprazolam. High risk of negative impact on the health of workers has been identified during the production of sibazon and mezapam. This information can then be used to control the working environment during the synthesis of drugs - benzodiazepine derivatives, aimed at creating a safe working environment and, consequently, improving the workers' life quality

Determination of the probability of the damage to the health of workers in aluminium production due to the exposure to toxic substances

In the electrolytic aluminium production fluorides in the form of hydrogen fluoride and solid fluorides, alumina-containing dust, carbon monoxide, resinous substances and benz(a)pyrene are released into the air of the working zone representing a hazard to the workers' health. The paper presents the results of the researches of the working conditions of the workers employed in the electrolytic aluminium production. The concentrations of toxic substances in the air of working areas of those engaged in anode works and electrolysis, and crane operators are given; on their basis the risks of occupational diseases (fluorosis), of acute toxic effects, of chronic intoxication, and of cancer are calculated. The average-shift concentrations of hydrogen fluoride in the air of working areas of those engaged in electrolysis are 0.40-0.46 MPC, soluble fluorine salts - 0.31-0.38 MPC, insoluble fluorine salts -0.08-0.09 MPC. In the air of the working areas of those engaged in anode works MPC excess is noted for the aerosols of mostly fibrogenic action - in 1.25 times, for resinous substances - in 1.10 times. In the air of the working areas of those engaged in electrolysis MPC excess for resinous substances is registered in 1.06 times. The average-shift concentration of insoluble fluorine salts, and carbon monoxide in the air of the working areas of those engaged in anode works and electrolysis and crane operators are within the MPC. The risk of occupational disease development (fluorosis) due to the air pollution of the working zone in the aluminium production for the workers of the major occupational groups is ranging from 0.045 to 0.0482. Hydrogen fluoride is the most hazardous contaminant in air of the working zone contributing more than 55 % to the risk of fluorosis. The risk of acute toxic effects for the workers of the major occupational groups associated with the achievement of the concentrations of the contaminants in the air of the working areas of their maximum values are ranging from 0.181 to 0.230

Modeling of radiative - conductive heat transfer in compositing materials

A layer of composite material is investigated, which is heated one-sidedly with one-dimensional energy transfer accounting for thermal conductivity and radiation. A mathematical model is suggested for non-stationary coefficient thermophysical problem under radiative-conductive heat transfer in a material layer. Temperature dependencies of thermal capacity and thermal conductivity coefficient of composite radio-transparent material have been determined through numerical modeling by solving the coefficient reverse problem of thermal conductivity

Estimation of carcinogenic risk for aluminium workers health

The research aim was the estimation of carcinogenic risk tor aluminium workers health. Average shift concentrations of resinous substances and benz(a)pyrene in working zone air were defined. The levels of carcinogenic risk which exceed admissible one in 2.5-2.84 times were calculated and were the largest ones in the workers engaged in electrolysis. The medical technology “The automated information system of occupational risk estimation for health of the workers of industrial tnterprises" was developed.Целью исследования явилась оценка канцерогенного риска для здоровья работников алюминиевого производства. Определены среднесменные концентрации смолистых веществ и 6енз(а)пирена в воздухе рабочей зоны. Рассчитаны уровни канцерогенного риска, которые превышают приемлемый в 2,5-2,84 раза и являются наибольшими у электролизников. Разработана медицинская технология ‘Автоматизированная информационная система оценки профессионального риска для здоровья работников промышленных предприятий”

Gamma Factory at CERN – novel research tools made of light

We discuss the possibility of creating novel research tools by producing and storing highly relativistic beams of highly ionised atoms in the CERN accelerator complex, and by exciting their atomic degrees of freedom with lasers to produce high-energy photon beams. Intensity of such photon beams would be by several orders of magnitude higher than offered by the presently operating light sources, in the particularly interesting gamma-ray energy domain of 0.1-400 MeV. In this energy range, the high-intensity photon beams can be used to produce secondary beams of polarised electrons, polarised positrons, polarised muons, neutrinos, neutrons and radioactive ions. New research opportunities in a wide domain of fundamental and applied physics can be opened by the Gamma Factory scientific programme based on the above primary and secondary beams.Comment: 12 pages; presented by W. Placzek at the XXV Cracow Epiphany Conference on Advances in Heavy Ion Physics, 8-11 January 2019, Cracow, Polan