To study the prescriptions of the bed-head tickets of inpatients of the selected depts. of JNIMS hospital about the appropriateness of the prescriptions in geriatric patients

Background: Polypharmacy is an increasing problem among the health care providers. This happened during the management of old age people with much comorbidity and weak functioning of the vital organs like heart, lungs and kidneys, etc. Over and above this, self-medication and adverse drug effects of using many drugs are the causes of polypharmacy. Age 65 years or above is considered as Geriatric.Methods: 550 case sheets or Bed head tickets of the inpatients of selected departments were examined for a period of three months. 434 bed head tickets having discharge slips with written prescriptions of 5 or more drugs were re-examined as it fulfilled the criteria of Polypharmacy or inappropriate prescriptions. Demographic data, clinical and drug history were recorded in the prepared data sheet. These data were studied as per guidelines of the tools-Beer’s criteria, STOPP criteria, START criteria, MAI criteria.Results: Accordingly, the reasons for polypharmacy and inappropriate prescriptions were elicited. The common drugs mostly prescribed are antibiotics and NSAIDs preparations. The status of polypharmacy or inappropriate prescription were more in the age group of 65-75 years and also mainly among the male geriatric patients. The maximum number of comorbidity was observed in the age group 65-75 years.Conclusions: As per the criteria of the tools, the number of overprescribing was 70 (19.15%), inappropriate prescription as 17 (4.6%). For prevention and decreasing the incidence of polypharmacy or inappropriate prescriptions, the tools (Beer’s criteria, STOPP criteria, START criteria, MAI criteria) are nowadays put forward to the prescriber as a guideline of good and appropriate prescription. Therefore, the present study can find out the status of prescription i.e. under-prescription, over-prescription, avoid prescription and inappropriate prescription. Hence, the study can draw the attention of the prescribers before and during prescribing drugs to the patients particularly old age patients

Screening of antibacterial and cytotoxicity of the copper (II) complexes of N-donor chelating ligand

Copper (II) complexes, namely dichloromono(1-amidino-O-ethylurea)copper (II), (1) and bis(1-amidino-O-ethylurea)copper (II) bromide, (2) were synthesized and characterized. The antibacterial screening of complexes 1 and 2 was performed along with their corresponding metal salts (CuCl2.2H2O) and (CuBr2), and ligand (dicyandiamide), against two human urinary pathogenic bacterial strains, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, by the disc diffusion method. All test compounds, except ligand have shown significant antibacterial activities on both bacterial strains. Their antibacterial effectiveness increased in a dose dependent manner, whereas their ability to inhibit the growth of both bacterial species decreased as their incubation time increased. The activity of complex 1 was found to be greater than its metal salt, while that of complex 2 was lower than the corresponding metal salt on both bacterial species. The in-vitro cytotoxic screening of complexes 1 and 2 was also assessed against human cervical adenocarcinoma cancer (HeLa) cell line using the MTT assay. Both complexes 1 and 2 have displayed cytotoxic effect in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 59.64±6.68 µg/mL and 62.85±0.39 µg/mL, respectively. Overall, the highest antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of the present work is provided by complex 1

Aerobic exercises along with resisted training to prevent postrenal transplant complications in renal transplant recipient: A single-subject design

Background: Renal transplantation has become moderately accepted and successful due to advancement in overall management. However, long-term complications of renal transplantation still post new challenges. Pharmacologic treatment along with “appropriate level” of exercise helps to prevent long-term complications. This study reports the efficacy of appropriate level of aerobic exercises along with resisted training to prevent post-renal transplant complications in a single case of renal transplant recipient. Methods: This single- subject experimental study design consist of A1, B1, A2, B2 and A3 phases which include either of aerobic exercise, aerobic exercise with resisted training or home programme. Visual analysis and 2SD- band method was used to analyze serum creatinine, postprandial blood sugar, blood pressure, VO2 max and amount of medicines required to renal transplant recipient. Results: A favorable changes were noted among the specific variables even after longtime, when combined aerobic exercises with resisted training were given. Conclusion: This case study shows that Aerobic exercises with resisted training are effective to prevent post renal transplant complications among renal transplant recipient within two years of transplantation, which could not be generalized but provides impetus to further research

Changes in pain intensity and health related quality of life with Iyengar yoga in nonspecific chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled study

Background: Nonspecific chronic low back (nCLBP) pain is prevalent among adult population and often leads to functional limitations, psychological symptoms, lower quality of life (QOL), and higher healthcare costs. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of Iyengar yoga therapy on pain intensity and health related quality of life (HRQOL) with nCLBP. Aim of the Study: To compare the effect of Iyengar yoga therapy and conventional exercise therapy on pain intensity and HRQOL in nonspecific chronic low back pain. Materials and Methods: Experimental study with random sampling technique. Subjects/Intervention: Sixty subjects who fulfilled the selection criteria were randomly assigned to Iyengar yoga (yoga group, n = 30) and control group (exercise group, n = 30). Participants completed low back pain evaluation form and HRQOL-4 questionnaire before their intervention and again 4 weeks and 6 month later. Yoga group underwent 29 yogic postures training and exercise group had undergone general exercise program for 4 weeks. Statistics: Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze group differences over time, while controlling for baseline differences. Results: Patients in both groups experienced significant reduction in pain and improvement in HRQOL. In visual analogue scale (VAS) yoga group showed reduction of 72.81% ( P = 0.001) as compared to exercise group 42.50% ( P = 0.001). In HRQOL, yoga group showed reduction of 86.99% ( P = 0.001) as compared to exercise group 67.66% ( P = 0.001). Conclusion: These results suggest that Iyengar yoga provides better improvement in pain reduction and improvement in HRQOL in nonspecific chronic back pain than general exercise

Inference of Rock Phosphate, Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria and Lime on Phosphorus Content and Economic Yield of Green Gram

Aim: To study the effect of Rock Phosphate, Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria, and Lime on phosphorus content in the soil, Phosphorus Uptake, and Economic yield of green gram (var. DGGS-4). Study Design: This experiment was conducted through a completely randomized design with 10 treatments and 3 replications. Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted at the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Central Agricultural University, Imphal between February 2019- November 2019. Methodology: Available phosphorus content in soil was estimated spectrophotometrically by Bray and Kurtz No. 1 method, the Active Phosphorus was determined by the addition of Saloid-bound phosphate, Aluminum phosphate, iron phosphate, and calcium phosphate, and total Inorganic P is the summation of all the inorganic forms of P. Total Phosphorus (Total P) in Soil was estimated by using Murphy-Riley solution and 5M NaOH and the intensity of yellow color was read at 730 nm in a spectrophotometer, organic P was calculated from the difference between total phosphorus and total mineral P, and the uptake of phosphorus was computed from the data on P concentration and dry matter yield. Results: The release and fixation pattern of different forms of phosphorus, its uptake, and the economic yield of green gram were significantly affected by the application of rock phosphate singly or combination with PSB and lime. Comparing among the different treatments, significantly higher accumulation of available Phosphorus, Phosphorus uptake, and economic yield were recorded in soil treated with Rock phosphate in combination with Phosphocare, Bacillus megatherium, and lime which is at par with treatment with Rock phosphate in combination with Bacillus megatherium and lime. Conclusion: The investigation revealed that the release and fixation pattern of different forms of phosphorus, its uptake, and the yield of green gram are significantly affected by the application of RP singly or combination with PSB and lime

Effect of Boron and Lime on Boron Transformation in a Fluvaquentic Humaquepts Soil Concerning Uptake and Yield of Green Gram

Understanding different fractions and availability of boron (B) is essential while studying the response of crops towards B. Fractionation provides information about the chemistry of B and quantifies its bioavailability. Therefore, a pot experiment was performed during the 2019 pre-kharif season in acid soil to study soil B fractions and response of green gram (Vigna radiata L.) to B application. Lime is applied to such soils with the primary objective of increasing the productivity of crops by enhancing the availability of native and applied plant nutrients. On the contrary, availability of B in soil was increase due to liming. The treatments comprised of five levels of soil applied B (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg B kg−1) and two levels of lime, lime and no lime was used. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design (FRBD) with three replications. The soil and pant growth parameters were recorded at a regular interval of 15 days after sowing, and at harvest. All the result revealed that the changes in different fractions of B (viz., readily soluble, specifically adsorbed, oxide bound, organically bound, residual and total B), its plant uptake and yield of green gram are significantly affected by the application of B and lime.  All the fractions contribute towards plant available boron form. Inter conversion between B fractions was also observed. The application of B and lime significantly influenced different B pools, boron uptake and yield of green gram

A Journey of Sangtin: Feminist Thought Wrapped in Seven Lives

This is the 2009 revised web edition of the 2004 book in Hindustani and Awadhi.Authored with eight activists of Sangtin, a small organization in Sitapur District of Uttar Pradesh, India, this book is a product of a collective intellectual and political journey that began in March, 2002. Based on autobiographical writings of seven authors and our collective analysis, the book examines the interplay of caste, gender, class, and location in the interrelationships among NGOs, grassroots feminisms, and the global politics of knowledge production