Mjerenje naboja čestice (1 ≤ Z ≤ 3) proizvedenih u sudarima 60 A GeV/c 16O u emulziji i traženje čestica s razlomljenim nabojem

Measurement of charges (1 ≤ Z ≤ 3) of the projectile fragments in ultra–relativistic heavy–ion collisions (16O–emulsion at 60A GeV/c) was carried out by the measurement of lacunarity (L) of the track structure in nuclear emulsion track detector. No fractionally charged projectile fragment has been found in the present investigation.Proučavani su ultrarelativistički sudari teških iona (60 GeV/c 16O) u nuklearnoj emulziji. Naboji čestica (1 ≤ Z ≤ 3) određeni su prema lacunarnosti (L) tragova čestica u emulziji. Nisu nađene čestice s razlomljenim nabojem

Mjerenje naboja čestice (1 ≤ Z ≤ 3) proizvedenih u sudarima 60 A GeV/c 16O u emulziji i traženje čestica s razlomljenim nabojem

Measurement of charges (1 ≤ Z ≤ 3) of the projectile fragments in ultra–relativistic heavy–ion collisions (16O–emulsion at 60A GeV/c) was carried out by the measurement of lacunarity (L) of the track structure in nuclear emulsion track detector. No fractionally charged projectile fragment has been found in the present investigation.Proučavani su ultrarelativistički sudari teških iona (60 GeV/c 16O) u nuklearnoj emulziji. Naboji čestica (1 ≤ Z ≤ 3) određeni su prema lacunarnosti (L) tragova čestica u emulziji. Nisu nađene čestice s razlomljenim nabojem

Evaluation of Cactus as Alternate Fodder Resource in Semi Arid Region of India

Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica (L) Mill) is spineless and offers several benefits to both man and livestock. It is a succulent, xerophytic, spiny or spineless plant of multiple uses (Felker et al., 1997). Cactus is a drought resilient feed, introducing cactus as alternate livestock feed in dryland ecosystems fulfill the deficiency of feed to livestock. Cactus requires little moisture which used to gets from the rainy season to produce large quantities of forage. It has a higher carrying capacity than any other drought tolerant fodder in arid and semi-arid areas. It remains green and succulent during drought thus supplying the much needed energy, water and vitamins to livestock in drought periods. It withstands severe defoliation and has good regeneration ability. A unique anatomic and physiological character of cactus makes to withstand a wide range of soil types as well as harsh climatic conditions. Some of these unique features make it a perfect plant to incorporate into productive forage based systems. The soils of Budelkhand region of India are medium to low in fertility with low organic matter content and poor water holding capacity that limits the fodder and food productivity. Rainfall is also erratic, unreliable and scarce, so non-conventional forages are urgently required. Therefore, Cactus could be a good source of food and water for livestock during drought. Keeping this in view, ICARDA-IGFRI collaborative project is initiated to utilize the Opuntia species as an alternate source of feed and fodder in different land use management systems and enabling the stake holders to increase the agricultural production and profitability in dry areas

Forage from Trees and Grasses of Silvipasture System in Degraded Land of Semiarid India

Rainfed agro-ecosystem has a distinct place in Indian Agriculture, occupying 67% of the cultivated area and supporting 65% of the livestock population (Venkateswarlu, 2005). The silvipasture systems involving suitable multi-purpose trees specially fodder trees and range grass species provide resilience by ensuring continued and multiple outputs such as, forage, fuelwood, fodder, fibre and industrial raw material, besides other positive environmental effects. Incorporation of fodder trees with grasses is perceived as a climate change-resilient cropping system for farmers linking climate change mitigation with adaptation (Mbow et al., 2014). The synergies of tree-grass association need to be explored and exploited by evaluating different fodder tree species with combination of grass species under degraded land and climatic condition. In many low input agro-ecosystems grasses are intercropped with legumes since legumes have an importance as a primary source of nitrogen (Thomsen and Haugaard-Nielsen, 2008). This study was planned to develop a silvipasture system with suitable tree and grass species on degraded land of semi arid condition to ensure the availability of quality fodder round the year