Fabrication of FeSe1-x superconducting films with bulk properties

We have fabricated high-quality FeSe1-x superconducting films with a bulk Tc of 11-12 K on different substrates, Al2O3(0001), SrTiO3(100), MgO(100), and LaAlO3(100), by using a pulsed laser deposition technique. All the films were grown at a high substrate temperature of 610 oC, and were preferentially oriented along the (101) direction, the latter being to be a key to fabricating of FeSe1-x superconducting thin films with high Tc. According to the energy dispersive spectroscopy data, the Fe:Se composition ratio was 1:0.90+-0.02. The FeSe1-x film grown on a SrTiO3 substrate showed the best quality with a high upper critical magnetic field [Hc2(0)] of 56 T

Adiabatic Transfer of Electrons in Coupled Quantum Dots

We investigate the influence of dissipation on one- and two-qubit rotations in coupled semiconductor quantum dots, using a (pseudo) spin-boson model with adiabatically varying parameters. For weak dissipation, we solve a master equation, compare with direct perturbation theory, and derive an expression for the `fidelity loss' during a simple operation that adiabatically moves an electron between two coupled dots. We discuss the possibility of visualizing coherent quantum oscillations in electron `pump' currents, combining quantum adiabaticity and Coulomb blockade. In two-qubit spin-swap operations where the role of intermediate charge states has been discussed recently, we apply our formalism to calculate the fidelity loss due to charge tunneling between two dots.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Comparing benefits from many possible computed tomography lung cancer screening programs: Extrapolating from the National Lung Screening Trial using comparative modeling

Background: The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) demonstrated that in current and former smokers aged 55 to 74 years, with at least 30 pack-years of cigarette smoking history and who had quit smoking no more than 15 years ago, 3 annual computed tomography (CT) screens reduced lung cancer-specific mortality by 20% relative to 3 annual chest X-ray screens. We compared the benefits achievable with 576 lung cancer screening programs that varied CT screen number and frequency, ages of screening, and eligibility based on smoking. Methods and Findings: We used five independent microsimulation models with lung cancer natural history parameters previously calibrated to the NLST to simulate life histories of the US cohort born in 1950 under all 576 programs. 'Efficient' (within model) programs prevented the greatest number of lung cancer deaths, compared to no screening, for a given number of CT screens. Among 120 'consensus efficient' (identified as efficient across models) programs, the average starting age was 55 years, the stopping age was 80 or 85 years, the average minimum pack-years was 27, and the maximum years since quitting was 20. Among consensus efficient programs, 11% to 40% of the cohort was screened, and 153 to 846 lung cancer deaths were averted per 100,000 people. In all models, annual screening based on age and smoking eligibility in NLST was not efficient; continuing screening to age 80 or 85 years was more efficient. Conclusions: Consensus results from five models identified a set of efficient screening programs that include annual CT lung cancer screening using criteria like NLST eligibility but extended to older ages. Guidelines for screening should also consider harms of screening and individual patient characteristics

SJS/TEN 2019: From Science to Translation

Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are potentially life-threatening, immune-mediated adverse reactions characterized by widespread erythema, epidermal necrosis, and detachment of skin and mucosa. Efforts to grow and develop functional international collaborations and a multidisciplinary interactive network focusing on SJS/TEN as an uncommon but high burden disease will be necessary to improve efforts in prevention, early diagnosis and improved acute and long-term management. SJS/TEN 2019: From Science to Translation was a 1.5-day scientific program held April 26-27, 2019, in Vancouver, Canada. The meeting successfully engaged clinicians, researchers, and patients and conducted many productive discussions on research and patient care needs

Application of new guidelines for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in a Korean population

AIM: We investigated the proportion of people who would qualify for statin treatment with an atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) 10-year risk of ?7.5% and who exhibit an LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of 70 to 189 mg/dL according to the new ACC/AHA guidelines for the treatment of increased cardiovascular risk.METHODS: The study population (8,742 subjects) included individuals who underwent health examinations at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital in South Korea in 2010. We also evaluated the data obtained from the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) of 16,892 adults.RESULTS: Approximately 90% of men ?60 years of age and women ?70 years of age had an ASCVD 10-year risk of ?7.5% and LDL-C level of ?70 mg/dL. The proportions of subjects with a Framingham 10-year risk of ?10%, coronary artery calcium score of ?20 and ?100 and fatty liver each increased in association with an increasing ASCVD 10-year risk quartile in both sexes. Furthermore, age was significantly associated with the ASCVD 10-year risk in both sexes (all p-value ?0.001). The KNHANES data also showed that over 85.0% of men ?60 years of age and 95.0% of women ?70 years of age had an ASCVD 10-year risk of ?7.5% and an LDL-C level of ?70 mg/dL.CONCLUSIONS: Adopting the new ASCVD prevention guidelines would result in the treatment of almost all Korean men and women (?60 years and ?70 years of age, respectively) without evidence of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, Asian-specific guidelines are needed to avoid unnecessary over treatment in an aging global population.<br/

Study of spin-ordering and spin-reorientation transitions in hexagonal manganites through Raman spectroscopy

Spin-wave (magnon) scattering, when clearly observed by Raman spectroscopy, can be simple and powerful for studying magnetic phase transitions. In this paper, we present how to observe magnon scattering clearly by Raman spectroscopy, then apply the Raman method to study spin-ordering and spin-reorientation transitions of hexagonal manganite single crystal and thin films and compare directly with the results of magnetization measurements. Our results show that by choosing strong resonance condition and appropriate polarization configuration, magnon scattering can be clearly observed, and the temperature dependence of magnon scattering can be simple and powerful quantity for investigating spin-ordering as well as spin-reorientation transitions. Especially, the Raman method would be very helpful for investigating the weak spin-reorientation transitions by selectively probing the magnons in the Mn 3+ sublattices, while leaving out the strong effects of paramagnetic moments of the rare earth ions11081sciescopu

Reduction of Intergranular Cracking Susceptibility by Precipitation Control in 2.25Cr Heat-Resistant Steels

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Persistent Paramagnons Deep in the Metallic Phase of Sr2-xLaxIrO4

We have studied the magnetic excitations of electron-doped Sr2-xLaxIrO4 (0≤x≤0.10) using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering at the Ir L3 edge. The long-range magnetic order is rapidly lost with increasing x, but two-dimensional short-range order (SRO) and dispersive magnon excitations with nearly undiminished spectral weight persist well into the metallic part of the phase diagram. The magnons in the SRO phase are heavily damped and exhibit anisotropic softening. Their dispersions are well described by a pseudospin-1/2 Heisenberg model with exchange interactions whose spatial range increases with doping. We also find a doping-independent high-energy magnetic continuum, which is not described by this model. The spin-orbit excitons arising from the pseudospin-3/2 manifold of the Ir ions broaden substantially in the SRO phase, but remain largely separated from the low-energy magnons. Pseudospin-1/2 models are therefore a good starting point for the theoretical description of the low-energy magnetic dynamics of doped iridates. © 2016 American Physical Society119191sciescopu