19 research outputs found
Subacute exposure to dimethoate induces hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects on male rats: Ameliorative effects of ferulic acid
Dimethoate commonly used as environmental ares for control pests which is widely used throughout in the world and itcaused toxic effects on nontarget organisms especially mammalian. Ferulic acid is known to protective compound generally used in toxicology studies. Thus, inthis study, we investigatedthe protective role of ferulic acid against the possible toxic effects of low and high doses of dimethoate. Male rats were randomly divided into six groups: control; ferulic acid; low and high dose dimethoate; both ferulic acid and low dose dimethoate; both ferulic acid and high dose dimethoate. The dimethoate treatment to rats caused oxidative stress in liver and kidney tissue via increased malondialdehyde levels and changes in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase activities. All dose dimethoate treatments also caused histopathological alterations and differences in activities in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, total cholesterol, urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels. The histopathological results verified the biochemical findings for both liver and kidney. Co-administration of ferulic acid with dimethoate improved antioxidative parameters and eased some biochemical parameters mentioned above. Ferulic acid was also seen to play a beneficial role in the histopathological effects of dimethoate for both liver and kidney
Hepatotoksične i hematološke promjene u dijabetičkih štakora izazvane furanom: zaštitna uloga likopena
Furan forms as a result of thermal treatment of food and induces harmful effects on organisms. In our work, lycopene, furan, and a combination of the two were given to diabetic male rats for 28 days. Hematological changes, total protein and cholesterol, triglyceride, and albumin levels, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase activities of the serum, malondialdehyde levels, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase activities, DNA damage in liver tissues and hepatic histopathological alterations were compared to a control group. There were significant changes in the liver function tests, DNA damage, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and malondialdehyde levels between diabetic control and non-diabetic control groups, between diabetic control and diabetic lycopene groups, and also between diabetic furan and diabetic control groups. In diabetic lycopene and diabetic furan + lycopene treated groups we designated the preventive effects of lycopene against diabetes and furan, however, on the analysed parameters only. In spite of some pathological alterations designated in diabetic furan treated group’s liver, fewer pathological alterations were observed in furan+lycopene treated groups at the end of week 4. Consequently, lycopene significantly reduced furan- and diabetes-induced toxicity in rat liver.Furan se stvara toplinskom obradom hrane i djeluje štetno na organizam. U ovom smo istraživanju dijabetičke mužjake štakora tretirali likopenom, furanom i kombinacijom tih dviju tvari tijekom 28 dana. Procijenjene su hematološke promjene, ukupne razine proteina, kolesterola, triglicerida i albumina, aktivnosti alanin aminotransferaze, aspartat aminotransferaze, laktat dehidrogenaze i alkalne fosfataze u serumu, razine malondialdehida, aktivnosti glutation peroksidaze, katalaze, glutation-S-transferaze i superoksid dizmutaze te oštećenje DNA u tkivu jetara i hepatičke histopatološke promjene u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu. Utvrđene su značajne promjene u testovima funkcije jetara, razinama oštećenja DNA, aktivnostima antioksidacijskih enzima i razinama malondialdehida između dijabetičke kontrolne skupine i dijabetičke skupine tretirane likopenom te između dijabetičke kontrolne skupine i kontrolne skupine bez dijabetesa, između dijabetičke kontrolne skupine i dijabetičke skupine tretirane likopenom te između dijabetičke skupine tretirane furanom i dijabetičke kontrolne skupine. U dijabetičkoj skupini tretiranoj likopenom i dijabetičkoj skupini tretiranoj i furanom i likopenom utvrdili smo preventivne učinke likopena, ali samo u odnosu na analizirane parametre. Unatoč patološkim promjenama koje su utvrđene u jetrima dijabetičke skupine tretirane furanom, manje ih je utvrđeno u skupinama koje su tretirane furanom i likopenom na kraju četvrtoga tjedna. Zaključak je istraživanja da je likopen značajno smanjio toksičnost koju je prouzročio furan i dijabetes u jetrima štakora
Antioxidant Status, Lipid Peroxidation and Testis-histoarchitecture Induced by Lead Nitrate and Mercury Chloride in Male Rats
Subacute exposure to dimethoate induces hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects on male rats: Ameliorative effects of ferulic acid
51-58Dimethoate commonly used as environmental ares for control pests which is widely used throughout in the world and itcaused
toxic effects on nontarget organisms especially mammalian. Ferulic acid is known to protective compound generally used in
toxicology studies. Thus, inthis study, we investigatedthe protective role of ferulic acid against the possible toxic effects of low and
high doses of dimethoate. Male rats were randomly divided into six groups: control; ferulic acid; low and high dose dimethoate;
both ferulic acid and low dose dimethoate; both ferulic acid and high dose dimethoate. The dimethoate treatment to rats caused
oxidative stress in liver and kidney tissue via increased malondialdehyde levels and changes in superoxide dismutase, catalase,
glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase activities. All dose dimethoate treatments also caused histopathological
alterations and differences in activities in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, albumin, lactate
dehydrogenase, total cholesterol, urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels. The histopathological results verified the biochemical
findings for both liver and kidney. Co-administration of ferulic acid with dimethoate improved antioxidative parameters and eased
some biochemical parameters mentioned above. Ferulic acid was also seen to play a beneficial role in the histopathological effects
of dimethoate for both liver and kidney
Antioxidant Status, Lipid Peroxidation and Testis-histoarchitecture Induced by Lead Nitrate and Mercury Chloride in Male Rats
ABSTRACT This study was done to evaluate the effects of lead nitrate and mercury chloride in testis tissues of Wistar rats. Lead nitrate and mercury chloride are widely used heavy metals in industry. Oral lead and mercury administrations to adult male rats at doses 45 mg/kg bw and 0.02 mg/kg bw, respectively for 4 weeks caused a significant increasing in MDA levels and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GPx and GST). The MDA levels and acivities of antioxidant enzymes was lower in rats that were administrated by lead nitrate than mercury chloride treated group. Light microscopic analyses revealed that lead nitrate and mercury chloride induced numerous histopathological changes in testis tissues of rats. Histopathological observations of the testis tissues showed that mercury chloride caused more harmful effects than lead nitrate, too. The results indicate that lead nitrate and mercury chloride have reproductive toxicity, in male rats at the tested doses. The effect which we observed applying the lead nitrate and mercury chloride together, was more greater than when we used them alone
Antioxidant Status, Lipid Peroxidation and Testis-histoarchitecture Induced by Lead Nitrate and Mercury Chloride in Male Rats
This study was done to evaluate the effects of lead nitrate and mercury
chloride in testis tissues of Wistar rats. Lead nitrate and mercury
chloride are widely used heavy metals in industry. Oral lead and mercury
administrations to adult male rats at doses 45 mg/kg bw and 0.02 mg/kg
bw, respectively for 4 weeks caused a significant increasing in MDA
levels and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GPx and GST). The
MDA levels and acivities of antioxidant enzymes was lower in rats that
were administrated by lead nitrate than mercury chloride treated group.
Light microscopic analyses revealed that lead nitrate and mercury
chloride induced numerous histopathological changes in testis tissues of
rats. Histopathological observations of the testis tissues showed that
mercury chloride caused more harmful effects than lead nitrate, too. The
results indicate that lead nitrate and mercury chloride have
reproductive toxicity, in male rats at the tested doses. The effect
which we observed applying the lead nitrate and mercury chloride
together, was more greater than when we used them alone
The effects of constructive learning method on students' academic achievement, retention of knowledge, gender and attitudes towards science course in "matter of structure and characteristics" unit
The purpose of this research is to examine on students' academic achievement, retention of knowledge and attitudes towards science course in matter of structural and characteristic subject with constructivist education version. This study was conducted with students 7/A (N=34) and 7/B (N=34) located in Ankara, during the spring period of 2008-2009 academic year. The study used a quasi-experimental research design with pre-test and post-test control group was used in this study. According to this research model achievement test and the scale of attitudes towards science were administered before and after instructional intervention. Achievement test were given both groups three months after intervention as retention test. Students in the control group were taught by traditional teaching method (narrative, question and answer, discussion, etc). The experimental group was taught constructive education besides traditional teaching method. The implementation was carried out in a four week period. After implementation, post-test (achievement test) was administered to both groups. The independent samples t-test was used to compare pretests and posttests of control and experimental groups. The findings of the study show that there is a significant difference in favour of the experimental group who taught by constructive education version over the control group regarding to averages of academic achievement scores. Achievement test scores of experimental group were found higher than the control group after instructional intervention. Results of the study showed no meaningful difference between the experiment and control group according to attitudes towards science course. It can be stated that the teaching method used in experimental group was more successful, thus students in experimental group was scored high in the achievement test for retention
The effects of acarbose and Rumex patientia L. on ultrastructural and biochemical changes of pancreatic B cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
This study was performed to observe the effects of acarbose and Rumex patientia on morphological change of pancreatic B cells in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic (type 2) rats. Two-day-old Wistar albino rats were intraperitoneally injected with 100 mg/kg of STZ or vehicle alone for control. Vehicle and STZ given rats were divided into six groups (1st, 2nd and the 3rd groups are control; the 4th, 5th and 6th groups are STZ groups). The 1st and the 4th groups received water, the 2nd and the 5th groups received 40 mg acarbose/100 g feed, the 3rd and the 6th groups received 2% decoction of Rumex patientia grain. During experimentation period, blood glucose levels were checked periodically, and HbA1c level was measured from cardiac blood at the end of the experiment. Pancreas tissues were examined by electron microscope. Glucose and HbA1c levels increased by STZ were decreased by acarbose and Rumex patientia. Morphologically, we found a mitochondrial vacuolization and swelling as well as dilatation of the endoplasmic reticulum in the B cells of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Also, a decrease in the secretory granules of B cells was observed in the STZ-induced diabetic group. No pathological changes were observed in the STZ + acarbose group. In the STZ + Rumex patientia group, a weak swelling in the B cells was observed in the some of the mitochondria. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved
Furan-induced hepatotoxic and hematologic changes in diabetic rats: the protective role of lycopene
Furan forms as a result of thermal treatment of food and induces harmful
effects on organisms. In our work, lycopene, furan, and a combination of
the two were given to diabetic male rats for 28 days. Hematological
changes, total protein and cholesterol, triglyceride, and albumin
levels, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate
dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase activities of the serum,
malondialdehyde levels, glutathione peroxidase, catalase,
glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase activities, DNA damage
in liver tissues and hepatic histopathological alterations were compared
to a control group. There were significant changes in the liver function
tests, DNA damage, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and
malondialdehyde levels between diabetic control and non-diabetic control
groups, between diabetic control and diabetic lycopene groups, and also
between diabetic furan and diabetic control groups. In diabetic lycopene
and diabetic furan + lycopene treated groups we designated the
preventive effects of lycopene against diabetes and furan, however, on
the analysed parameters only. In spite of some pathological alterations
designated in diabetic furan treated group's liver, fewer pathological
alterations were observed in furan+lycopene treated groups at the end of
week 4. Consequently, lycopene significantly reduced furan- and
diabetes-induced toxicity in rat liver