An Analysis Oncrude Oil Price Mutation in View of Zeeman's Catastrophe Machine

AbstractWith the acceleration of internationalmarket integration and the frequent outbreak of international political and economic events, the volatility of oil priceshas continued toincrease in recent years. As the main source of energy, crude oil plays an important role in the development of a country's economy. Therefore, it is meaningful to study the mutation of oil prices. Based on the Zeeman's catastrophe machine, USDX and excess demand are selected as two main factors to construct the catastrophe model, which helps to explain the structural relationship between USDX and excess demand when the crude oil price mutates

A Case Study on Foamy Oil Characteristics of the Orinoco Belt, Venezuela

With a current recovery of less than 11%, the Orinoco Belt in Venezuela still contains potentially more than 1.3 trillion barrels of reserves of “three highs, one low” oil at a depth of 100 to 1500 m. 5 joint projects and one project of Petroleos de Venezuela SA are making plans to improve oil recovery in the area. So it is important for them to have a thorough knowledge of foamy oil characteristics. This reservoir has a peculiar behavior called as a foamy phenomenon. In order to characterize the properties of the foamy oil, this paper discussed unconventional test methodology and the detailed suite of laboratory procedures including PVT and pressure depletion tests used to examine the Orinoco heavy oil. The results showed substantial differences in characteristics of foamy oil and conventional oil studied, not only in terms of PVT behavior but also in terms of the production performance during pressure depletion tests. The foamy oil compressibility was between 10-120×10-4 mPa-1, which was obviously higher than that of conventional oil. Differential liberation experiments of the oil, with obvious high formation volume factor, stable GOR, and low density showed a strong tendency to foam below the bubble point. Other notable observations were that more efficient oil recovery was achieved at high depletion rates while less free gas was produced.Key words: Foamy oil; Unconventional tests; The Orinoco Belt; PVT; Pressure depletion test

Seizure and Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Encephalomyelitis in a Retrospective Cohort of Chinese Patients

Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody associated encephalomyelitis is increasingly being considered a distinct disease entity, with seizures and encephalopathy commonly reported. We investigated the clinical features of MOG-IgG positive patients presenting with seizures and/or encephalopathy in a single cohort.Methods: Consecutive patients with suspected idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases were recruited from a tertiary University hospital in Guangdong province, China. Subjects with MOG-IgG seropositivity were analyzed according to whether they presented with or without seizure and/or encephalopathy.Results: Overall, 58 subjects seropositive for MOG-IgG were analyzed, including 23 (40%) subjects presenting with seizures and/or encephalopathy. Meningeal irritation (P = 0.030), fever (P = 0.001), headache (P = 0.001), nausea, and vomiting (P = 0.004) were more commonly found in subjects who had seizures and/or encephalopathy, either at presentation or during the disease course. Nonetheless, there was less optic nerve (4/23, 17.4%, P = 0.003) and spinal cord (6/16, 37.5%, P = 0.037) involvement as compared to subjects without seizures or encephalopathy. Most MOG encephalomyelitis subjects had cortical/subcortical lesions: 65.2% (15/23) in the seizures and/or encephalopathy group and 50.0% (13/26) in the without seizures or encephalopathy group. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leukocytes were elevated in both groups. Subgroup analysis showed that 30% (7/23) MOG-IgG positive subjects with seizures and/or encephalopathy had been misdiagnosed for central nervous system infection on the basis of meningoencephalitis symptoms and elevated CSF leukocytes (P = 0.002).Conclusions: Seizures and encephalopathy are not rare in MOG encephalomyelitis, and are commonly associated with cortical and subcortical brain lesions. MOG-encephalomyelitis often presents with clinical meningoencephalitis symptoms and abnormal CSF findings mimicking central nervous system infection in pediatric and young adult patients

Construction of a cross-species cell landscape at single-cell level.

Individual cells are basic units of life. Despite extensive efforts to characterize the cellular heterogeneity of different organisms, cross-species comparisons of landscape dynamics have not been achieved. Here, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to map organism-level cell landscapes at multiple life stages for mice, zebrafish and Drosophila. By integrating the comprehensive dataset of > 2.6 million single cells, we constructed a cross-species cell landscape and identified signatures and common pathways that changed throughout the life span. We identified structural inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction as the most common hallmarks of organism aging, and found that pharmacological activation of mitochondrial metabolism alleviated aging phenotypes in mice. The cross-species cell landscape with other published datasets were stored in an integrated online portal-Cell Landscape. Our work provides a valuable resource for studying lineage development, maturation and aging

Influence of paste thickness on the coated aggregates on properties of high-density sulphoaluminate cement concrete

An improved method for the densified mixture design algorithm and Fuller curve were used to design high-density sulphoaluminate cement concrete (HDSC). The performance of HDSC is significantly influenced by the paste thickness on the coated aggregates. Sulphoaluminate cement concrete mixtures containing aggregates coated with 3 different paste thickness of t=10μm, 20μm, and 30μm and water-binder ratios (W/B) of 0.25, 0.30 and 0.35 were prepared. The results of experiments show that paste thickness on the coated aggregates significantly influences the mechanical properties and durability of HDSC. With the increase of paste thickness, the compressive strength is increased, but the electrical resistivity is decreased, particularly at the early ages of 1 and 3 days. The sulfate corrosion resistance coefficients of HDSC are larger than 1.0, the total porosity can be less than 7%, and the micropore (i.e. with pore size less than 20nm) can be larger than 70%

Einfluss der Verarbeitungstechnologie und Werkstoffzusammensetzung auf die Struktur-Eigenschafts-Beziehungen von thermoplastischen Nanoverbundwerkstoffen

Die Einarbeitung von nanoskaligen Füllstoffen zur Steigerung von polymeren Eigenschaftsprofilen ist sehr viel versprechend und stößt daher heutzutage sowohl in der Forschung als auch in der Industrie auf großes Interesse. Bedingt durch ausgeprägte Oberflächen und hohe Anziehungskräfte, liegen Nanopartikel allerdings nicht singulär sondern als Partikelanhäufungen, so genannten Agglomeraten oder Aggregaten, vor. Zur Erzielung der gewünschten Materialverbesserungen gilt es, diese aufzuspalten und homogen in der polymeren Matrix zu verteilen. Bei thermoplastischen Kunststoffen ist die gleichläufige Doppelschneckenextrusion eines der gängigsten Verfahren zur Einarbeitung von Additiven und Füllstoffen. Aus diesem Grund war es Ziel dieser Arbeit, mittels dieses Verfahrens verbesserte Verbundwerkstoffe mit Polyamid 66- und Polyetheretherketon-Matrix, durch Einarbeitung von nanoskaligem Titandioxid (15 und 300 nm), zu generieren. In einem ersten Schritt wurden die verfahrenstechnischen Parameter, wie Drehzahl und Durchsatz, sowie die Prozessführung und damit deren Einfluss auf die Materialeigenschaften beleuchtet. Der spezifische Energieeintrag ist ausschlaggebend zur Deagglomeration der Nanopartikel. Dieser zeigte leichte Abhängigkeiten von der Drehzahl und dem Durchsatz und verursachte bei der Einarbeitung der Partikel keine wesentlichen Unterschiede in der Aufspaltung der Partikel sowie gar keine in den resultierenden mechanischen Eigenschaften. Die Prozessführung wurde unterteilt in Mehrfach- und Einfachextrusion. Die Herstellung eines hochgefüllten Masterbatches, dessen mehrfaches Extrudieren und anschließendes Verdünnen, führte zu einer sehr guten Deagglomeration und stark verbesserten Materialeigenschaften. Mittels Simulation des Extrusionsprozesses konnte festgestellt werden, dass das Vorhandensein von ungeschmolzenem Granulat in der Verfahrenszone zu einer Schmelze/Nanopartikel/ Feststoffreibung führt, die die Ursache für eine sehr gute Aufspaltung der Partikel zu sein scheint. Durch Modifikation des Extrusionsprozesses erreichte die Einfachextrusion annähernd den Grad an Deagglomeration bei Mehrfachextrusion, wobei die Materialien bei letzterem Verfahren die besten Eigenschaftsprofile aufwiesen. In einem zweiten Schritt wurde ein Vergleich der Einflüsse von unterschiedlichen Partikelgrößen und –gehalten auf die polymeren Matrizes vollzogen. Die 15 nm Partikel zeigten signifikant bessere mechanische Ergebnisse auf als die 300 nm Partikel, und die Wirkungsweise des 15 nm Partikels auf Polyetheretherketon war stärker als auf Polyamid 66. Es konnten Steigerungen in Steifigkeit, Festigkeit und Zähigkeit erzielt werden. Rasterelektronenmikroskopische Aufnahmen bestätigten diese Ergebnisse. Eine Berechnung der Plan-Selbstkosten von einem Kilogramm PEEK-Nanoverbundwerkstoff im Vergleich zu einem Kilogramm unverstärktem PEEK verdeutlichte, dass ein Material kreiert wurde, welches deutlich verbesserte Eigenschaften bei gleichem Preis aufweist. Zusammenfassend konnte in dieser Arbeit ein tieferes Verständnis des Extrusionsvorganges zur Herstellung von kostengünstigen und verbesserten Thermoplasten durch das Einbringen von Nanopartikeln gewonnen werden

A novel green approach for fabricating visible, light sensitive nano-broccoli-like antimony trisulfide by marine Sb(v)-reducing bacteria: Revealing potential self-purification in coastal zones

Antimony trisulfide (Sb2S3) is industrially important for processes ranging from a semiconductor dopant through batteries to a flame retardant. Approaches for fabricating Sb2S3 nanostructures or thin films are by chemical or physicochemical methods, while there have been no report focused on the biological synthesis of nano Sb2S3. In the present study, we fabricated nano-broccoli-like Sb2S3 using Sb(V) reducing bacteria. Thirty four marine and terrestrial strains are capable of fabricating Sb2S3 after 1-5 days of incubation in different selective media. The nano-broccoli-like bio-Sb2S3 was light sensitive between 400-550 nm, acting as a photo-catalyst with the bandgap energy of 1.84 eV. Moreover, kinetic and mechanism studies demonstrated that a k value of similar to 0.27 h(-1) with an R-2 = 0.99. The bio-Sb2S3 supplemented system exhibited approximately 18.4 times higher photo-catalytic activity for degrading methyl orange (MO) to SO42-, CO2 and H2O compared with that of control system, which had a k value of similar to 0.015 h(-1) (R-2=0.99) under visible light. Bacterial community shift analyses showed that the addition of S or Fe species to the media significantly changed the bacterial communities driven by antimony stress. From this work it appears Clostridia, Bacilli and Gammaproteobacteria from marine sediment are potentially ideal candidates for fabricating bio-Sb2S3 due to their excellent electron transfer capability. Based on the above results, we propose a potential visible light bacterially catalyzed self-purification of both heavy metal and persistent organic contamination polluted coastal waters.</p

Status and development direction of key technologies of gas telemetry

Application status of key technologies of gas telemetry based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy were introduced including tunable diode laser technology, signal noise reduction technology and trace gas detection technology. Some problems of the key technologies of gas telemetry were pointed out, such as unstable performance of tunable diode laser, short distance of gas telemetry, poor signal noise reduction effect and big error of trace gas detection. Development directions of the key technologies of gas telemetry were proposed, which were developing tunable diode laser with high performance, studying nonlinear and unstable signal noise reduction algorithm, and designing digital lock-in amplifier for underground