Adaptive robust control for networked strict-feedback nonlinear systems with state and input quantization

Funding Information: Funding: This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62022031, Grant 61773135, Grant U20A20188; and in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Backstepping method is a successful approach to deal with the systems in strict-feedback form. However, for networked control systems, the discontinuous virtual law caused by state quantization introduces huge challenges for its applicability. In this article, a quantized adaptive robust control approach in backsetpping framework is developed in this article for networked strict-feedback nonlinear systems with both state and input quantization. In order to prove the efficiency of the designed control scheme, a novel form of Lyapunov candidate function was constructed in the process of analyzing the stability, which is applicable for the systems with nondifferentiable virtual control law. In particular, the state and input quantizers can be in any form as long as they meet the sector-bound condition. The theoretic result shows that the tracking error is determined by the pregiven constants and quantization errors, which are also verified by the simulation results.publishersversionpublishe

Investigations of CO2-water wettability of coal : NMR relaxation method

Acknowledgments We acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41472137), the Key Research and Development Projects of The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2017B03019-01), and the National Major Research Program for Science and Technology of China (2016ZX05043-001), and the Royal Society Edinburgh and National Natural Science Foundation China (NSFC 41711530129).Peer reviewedPostprin

Instruction Mining: When Data Mining Meets Large Language Model Finetuning

Large language models (LLMs) are initially pretrained for broad capabilities and then finetuned with instruction-following datasets to improve their performance in interacting with humans. Despite advances in finetuning, a standardized guideline for selecting high-quality datasets to optimize this process remains elusive. In this paper, we first propose InstructMining, an innovative method designed for automatically selecting premium instruction-following data for finetuning LLMs. Specifically, InstructMining utilizes natural language indicators as a measure of data quality, applying them to evaluate unseen datasets. During experimentation, we discover that double descent phenomenon exists in large language model finetuning. Based on this observation, we further leverage BlendSearch to help find the best subset among the entire dataset (i.e., 2,532 out of 100,000). Experiment results show that InstructMining-7B achieves state-of-the-art performance on two of the most popular benchmarks: LLM-as-a-judge and Huggingface OpenLLM leaderboard.Comment: 22 pages, 7 figure

Tartronate Semialdehyde Reductase Defines a Novel Rate-Limiting Step in Assimilation and Bioconversion of Glycerol in Ustilago maydis

10.1371/journal.pone.0016438PLoS ONE61

Effects of mTOR inhibitor, everolimus, on proliferation, autophagy and temozolomide sensitivity of glioma cells

Purpose: To study the effect of the mTOR inhibitor, everolimus, on glioma cell proliferation, autophagy, and drug sensitivity to temozolomide (TMZ).Methods: Human glioma cell lines were cultured in vitro, and the effects of different concentrations of everolimus on the proliferation of brain glial cells were determined using CCK-8 method. The effect of different concentrations of everolimus on brain glial cell levels of autophagy protein were assayed by western blot method.Results: The results of CCK-8 analysis showed that everolimus inhibited the proliferation of glial cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Western blot results showed that the expression levels of autophagy proteins, LC3-II and LC3-II/I, were gradually and concentration-dependently up-regulated, while p62 protein level was gradually decreased concentration-dependently, when compared with blank control (p < 0.05). Treatment with different concentrations of TMZ alone, and in combination with everolimus for 48 h inhibited the proliferation of brain glial cells in a concentration-dependent manner, but the inhibition due to TMZ-everolimus combination was significantly higher than that of TMZ singletreatment (p < 0.05). After 48 h, the expression level of Beclin-1 increased with the ratio of LC3-II/LC-I in TMZ-everolimus group, while the expression level of p62 decreased, when compared with TMZ alone, or control (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Everolimus significantly inhibits the proliferation of glioma cells and promotes the occurrence of autophagy. Combined use of TMZ and everolimus significantly enhances the sensitivity of TMZ to glioma cells, inhibits cell proliferation, and promotes autophagy better than TMZ alone. Keywords: mTOR inhibitor, Everolimus, Glioma cells, Proliferation, Autophag

Influence of Temperature on Hydrolysis Acidification of Food Waste

AbstractFor two-phase anaerobic digestion process of food waste, degree of hydrolysis and products by acidification during hydrolysis and acidification phase directly affect the performance of methanogenesis phase. Temperature has great impact on hydrolysis and acidification of food waste. This paper monitored the dynamic change of biogas production, biogas composition, pH, soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) during hydrolysis and acidification stage so as to investigate specific influence of temperature on food waste. With the same inoculum and 9 days’ fermentation, three different temperatures (35, 55 and 70°C) were taken into consideration. The results showed that cumulative gas production was 4860mL at 70°C, which was 129.79% and 37.87% higher than that at 35 and 55°C. Besides, hydrogen content at 70°C was 45.34%, which was the highest among the three temperatures. Hydrolysis rate was proportional to the increase of temperature. Meanwhile, total VFAs yield and composition widely differed at three different temperatures. The hydrolysis and acidification products at 35°C were mainly ethanol and acetic acids and the highest concentrations of ethanol at 35°C were 3.28 and 3.65 times of that at 55 and 70°C, but more acetic, isobutyric and butyric acids were generated at 55 and 70°C. Among three temperatures, 70°C had the highest acetic acids concentration while 55°C had the highest isobutyric and butyric acids concentration

Observation of spin-orbit magnetoresistance in metallic thin films on magnetic insulators

A magnetoresistance effect induced by the Rashba spin-orbit interaction was predicted, but not yet observed, in bilayers consisting of normal metal and ferromagnetic insulator. Here, we present an experimental observation of this new type of spin-orbit magnetoresistance (SOMR) effect in a bilayer structure Cu[Pt]/Y3Fe5O12 (YIG), where the Cu/YIG interface is decorated with nanosize Pt islands. This new MR is apparently not caused by the bulk spin-orbit interaction because of the negligible spin-orbit interaction in Cu and the discontinuity of the Pt islands. This SOMR disappears when the Pt islands are absent or located away from the Cu/YIG interface, therefore we can unambiguously ascribe it to the Rashba spin-orbit interaction at the interface enhanced by the Pt decoration. The numerical Boltzmann simulations are consistent with the experimental SOMR results in the angular dependence of magnetic field and the Cu thickness dependence. Our finding demonstrates the realization of the spin manipulation by interface engineering.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, 14 pages in supplementary. To appear on Science Advance

Convergence and Stability in Collocation Methods of Equation u

This paper is concerned with the convergence, global superconvergence, local superconvergence, and stability of collocation methods for u′(t)=au(t)+bu([t]). The optimal convergence order and superconvergence order are obtained, and the stability regions for the collocation methods are determined. The conditions that the analytic stability region is contained in the numerical stability region are obtained, and some numerical experiments are given