Unambiguous quantum state filtering

In this paper, we consider the generalized measurement where one particular quantum signal is unambiguously extracted from a set of non-commutative quantum signals and the other signals are filtered out. Simple expressions for the maximum detection probability and its POVM are derived. We applyl such unambiguous quantum state filtering to evaluation of the sensing of decoherence channels. The bounds of the precision limit for a given quantum state of probes and possible device implementations are discussed.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

Experimental Study of the Cooling Characteristics of Polymer Filaments in FDM and Impact on the Mesostructures and Properties of Prototypes

The bonding quality among polymer filaments in the fused deposition modeling (FDM) process determines the integrity and mechanical properties of the resultant prototypes. This research investigates the bond formation among extruded acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) filaments in the FDM process. Experimental measurements of the temperature profiles were carried out for different specimens and their effects on mesostructures and mechanical properties were observed. Models describing the formation of bonds among polymer filaments during the FDM process are discussed. Predictions of the degree of bonding achieved during the filament deposition process were made based on thermal analysis of extruded polymer filaments. The bond quality was assessed based on the growth of the neck formed between adjacent filaments and their failure under flexural loading. Further experimental work is underway to assess the validity of the proposed models.The financial support for this work was provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) through Research Grants awarded to Drs. Bellehumeur and Gu.Mechanical Engineerin

Bulk experimental evidence of half-metallic ferromagnetism in doped manganites

We report precise measurements and quantitative data analysis on the low-temperature resistivity of several ferromagnetic manganite films. We clearly show that there exists a T^{4.5} term in low-temperature resistivity, and that this term is in quantitative agreement with the quantum theory of two-magnon scattering for half metallic ferromagnets. Our present results provide the first bulk experimental evidence of half-metallic ferromagnetism in doped manganites.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Quantum State Reconstruction of Many Body System Based on Complete Set of Quantum Correlations Reduced by Symmetry

We propose and study a universal approach for the reconstruction of quantum states of many body systems from symmetry analysis. The concept of minimal complete set of quantum correlation functions (MCSQCF) is introduced to describe the state reconstruction. As an experimentally feasible physical object, the MCSQCF is mathematically defined through the minimal complete subspace of observables determined by the symmetry of quantum states under consideration. An example with broken symmetry is analyzed in detail to illustrate the idea.Comment: 10 pages, n figures, Revte

Improvement of Switching Speed of a 600-V Nonpunch-through Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor Using Fast Neutron Irradiation

AbstractFast neutron irradiation was used to improve the switching speed of a 600-V nonpunch-through insulated gate bipolar transistor. Fast neutron irradiation was carried out at 30-MeV energy in doses of 1 × 108 n/cm2, 1 × 109 n/cm2, 1 × 1010 n/cm2, and 1 × 1011 n/cm2. Electrical characteristics such as current–voltage, forward on-state voltage drop, and switching speed of the device were analyzed and compared with those prior to irradiation. The on-state voltage drop of the initial devices prior to irradiation was 2.08 V, which increased to 2.10 V, 2.20 V, 2.3 V, and 2.4 V, respectively, depending on the irradiation dose. This effect arises because of the lattice defects generated by the fast neutrons. In particular, the turnoff delay time was reduced to 92 nanoseconds, 45% of that prior to irradiation, which means there is a substantial improvement in the switching speed of the device

Black hole superradiance with dark matter accretion

Studies of black hole superradiance often focus on the growth of a cloud in isolation, accompanied by the spin-down of the black hole. In this paper, we consider the additional effect of the accretion of matter and angular momentum from the environment. We show that, in many cases, the black hole evolves by drifting along the superradiance threshold, in which case the evolution of its parameters can be described analytically or semianalytically. We quantify the conditions under which accretion can serve as a mechanism to increase the cloud-to-black hole mass ratio, beyond the standard maximum of about 10%. This occurs by a process we call oversuperradiance, whereby accretion effectively feeds the superradiance cloud, by way of the black hole. We give two explicit examples: accretion from a vortex expected in wave dark matter and accretion from a baryonic disk. In the former case, we estimate the accretion rate by using an analytical fit to the asymptotic behavior of the confluent Heun function. Level transition, whereby one cloud level grows while the other shrinks, can be understood in a similar way

Extraction of Sm(III)and Nd(III) with N,N,N’,N’-tetrabutyl-3-oxy-diglycolamidefrom hydrochloric acid

The extraction behavior of Sm(III) and Nd(III) with N,N,N’,N’-tetrabutyl-3-oxa-diglycolamide (TBDGA) in 70% kerosene-30% n-octanol from hydrochloride acid wasstudied. The effect of hydrochloric acid concentration, extractant concentration,and temperature on the distribution of rare earth elementswas investigated. The extraction mechanism was established and the stoichiometry of the main extracted species was confirm to be SmCl3•2TBDGA and NdCl3•2TBDGA for Sm(III) and Nd(III), respectively. The extraction distribution ratio decreases with an increase in temperature, which demonstrates that the extraction reaction is exothermic. The IR spectra of the loaded organic phase and free extractant were recorded and discussed

Comparative genomic mapping of uncharacterized canine retinal ESTs to identify novel candidate genes for hereditary retinal disorders

Purpose: To identify the genomic location of previously uncharacterized canine retina-expressed expressed sequence tags (ESTs), and thus identify potential candidate genes for heritable retinal disorders. Methods: A set of over 500 retinal canine ESTs were mapped onto the canine genome using the RHDF ₅₀₀₀₋₂ radiation hybrid (RH) panel, and the resulting map positions were compared to their respective localization in the CanFam2 assembly of the canine genome sequence. Results: Unique map positions could be assigned for 99% of the mapped clones, of which only 29% showed significant homology to known RefSeq sequences. A comparison between RH map and sequence assembly indicated some areas of discrepancy. Retinal expressed genes were not concentrated in particular areas of the canine genome, and also were located on the canine Y chromosome (CFAY). Several of the EST clones were located within areas of conserved synteny to human retinal disease loci. Conclusions: RH mapping of canine retinal ESTs provides insight into the location of potential candidate genes for hereditary retinal disorders, and, by comparison with the assembled canine genome sequence, highlights inconsistencies with the current assembly. Regions of conserved synteny between the canine and the human genomes allow this information to be extrapolated to identify potential positional candidate genes for mapped human retinal disorders. Furthermore, these ESTs can help identify novel or uncharacterized genes of significance for better understanding of retinal morphology, physiology, and pathology.10 page(s

Synchronization of fractional order chaotic systems

The chaotic dynamics of fractional order systems begin to attract much attentions in recent years. In this brief report, we study the master-slave synchronization of fractional order chaotic systems. It is shown that fractional order chaotic systems can also be synchronized.Comment: 3 pages, 5 figure

Model of a fluid at small and large length scales and the hydrophobic effect

We present a statistical field theory to describe large length scale effects induced by solutes in a cold and otherwise placid liquid. The theory divides space into a cubic grid of cells. The side length of each cell is of the order of the bulk correlation length of the bulk liquid. Large length scale states of the cells are specified with an Ising variable. Finer length scale effects are described with a Gaussian field, with mean and variance affected by both the large length scale field and by the constraints imposed by solutes. In the absence of solutes and corresponding constraints, integration over the Gaussian field yields an effective lattice gas Hamiltonian for the large length scale field. In the presence of solutes, the integration adds additional terms to this Hamiltonian. We identify these terms analytically. They can provoke large length scale effects, such as the formation of interfaces and depletion layers. We apply our theory to compute the reversible work to form a bubble in liquid water, as a function of the bubble radius. Comparison with molecular simulation results for the same function indicates that the theory is reasonably accurate. Importantly, simulating the large length scale field involves binary arithmetic only. It thus provides a computationally convenient scheme to incorporate explicit solvent dynamics and structure in simulation studies of large molecular assemblies