Fenotip Salak Gulapasir Pada Ragam Lingkungan Berbeda Di Bali

The objective of the research was to obtain the phenotypic characters of Gulapasir salacca plant on different growing environmental variability in six location were : Saribuana, Pajahan, Bangsing,Telaga, Kecing, dan Jungutan, started from March 2012 to October 2012. Pheno typic character was observed by identify the morphological characteristics of salacca plant. Data were analyzed by using Bartlett\u27s test, and cluster analysis with the program Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis (NTSYS version 2.1). Salacca plants cv. Gula pasir planted in Tabanan and Karangasem showed a phenotypic variation. The coefficient of phenotypic similarity was based onten quantitative characters ranging from 0.58 to 0.93. and divide into two groups the salacca from Karangasem ( Telaga, Kecing, dan Jungutan) and sallaca Gula pasir from Tabanan.The plants from the same altitude marger into the same group.

Effectiveness of Aloe Vera Gel and Coconut Water as a Bioregulator on Seed Germination of Dendrobium Orchid

The study aimed to determine the effect of concentration of coconut water and aloe vera gel on seed germination of Dendrobium orchid was done in Tissue Culture Laboratory Unmas Denpasar, from the month of April to August 2010. The research method using nested completely randomized design with 3 replications. Treatment additions bioregulator on VW medium consisting of coconut water with a concentration of 0 ml/l, 150 ml/l, 200 ml/ l, 250 ml/l and 300 ml/l, and aloe vera gel with a concentration of 0 g/l, 5 g/l, 10 g/l, 15 g/l and 20g/l.The results showed that there were no initial differences in germination and percentage germination between VW medium given coconut water and given aloe vera gel. VW medium fed coconut water 150 ml/l and 200 ml/l gave the early germination and highest germination percentage. While the VW medium given aloe vera gel 5 g/l and 10 g/l gives the fastest initial germination and the highest germination percentage.To speed up germination and increase the percentage of seed germination of Dendrobium in the culture medium in-vitro with VW, may be the addition of coconut water 150 -200 ml/l or with leaves of aloe vera gel with a concentration of 5-10 g /

Analisis Neraca Air Lahan Pada Pertanaman Salak Gulapasir Sebagai Dasar Untuk Pembuahan Di Luar Musim Di Daerah Pengembangan Baru

This research was aimed to identify and to analyze the characteristics of climate and water availability for crop land of Salak Gulapasir in the new development areas in Tabanan. The reseacrh used survey methods which conducted in each location within the agroecocsystem zone of 400-550 m above sea level (asl), 551 – 650 m asl, and 651-750 m asl. The analysis of water availability in each area was carried out by using Thornthwaite and Mather methods (1957). The results shows water availability in Tabanan area depending on altitude. The  zone 400-550 and 551-650 m asl total deficit respectively 49 mm and 20 mm, with the periods of deficit that occurs in 3 months that is in June, July and August, while 651-750 m asl total deficit of 5 mm with the periods of deficit in two months (July-August). Well handling to the environment and plant factors was very useful in producing fruits in the period out of its season . When water deficit occurs in June, July and August, manipulating environment through the provision of water or mulching should be judged. In the rainy season (December, January, February) a high level of humidity in the canopy can interfere the growing of flowers and fruit, hence it needs to arrange shade plant

Pengembangan Model Agrowisata Salak Berbasis Masyarakat Di Desa Sibetan

Sibetan village, Karangasem is a centers of Salak plant in Bali. In this area was found 13 cultivar, but the agrotourism based on salak plant has not been developed optimally so that the visitors in agro salak is very low at 0.008% of the total of 462 233 tourists visiting Karangasem regency. This study aims to :1) identify the biophysical aspects of agrotourism based on salak plants, (2) study the characteristic patterns of the local institutional to support agrotourism-based community, (3) study the perceptionsand preferences of groups and visitors in the development of agrotourism, and (4) formulating development models of agrotourism based on salak plants. The research was conducted using survey method with rapid rural appraisal (RRA) and participatory rural appraisal (PRA), and a SWOT analysis. The result shows that 1) Sibetan village has the potential agrotourism-based community with superior object salak garden, processed products made from plants and fruits, unique culture and beautiful scenery in the hills Muding, Banjar Dukuh. 2) Society is very interested in developing agrotourism-based community. 3) People really need assistance both in the field of planning, development and management of agrotourism products and assistance in post-harvest processing. 4) Need to restructure the biophysical, social aspects, cultural, institutional, funding from government and other sources, marketing and increased a network of cooperation.

Estimasi Umur Panen Tanaman Jagung Pada Berbagai Periode Tanam Di Daerah Grokgak, Buleleng

Temperature relationship with plant growth is often described in a method called "heat units". Heat unit concept was developed on the basis that the plant every day to collect a number whose magnitude depends therm daily average temperature and base temperature (threshold). Based on this, climate data, especially temperature Grokgak area, Buleleng analyzed to predict the timing of flowering and harvest time possibilities that will be associated with efforts to improve productivity through improved farming patterns. Planting corn planting in the period from July to October showed early flowering period and ripening process occurs at the age of 37 days dan74 days after planting. In this period cook physiology occurs 9 days earlier against the planting period of November - February and five days of the planting period from March to February

Designing programs for eliminating canine rabies from islands: Bali, Indonesia as a case study

<p>Background: Canine rabies is one of the most important and feared zoonotic diseases in the world. In some regions rabies elimination is being successfully coordinated, whereas in others rabies is endemic and continues to spread to uninfected areas. As epidemics emerge, both accepted and contentious control methods are used, as questions remain over the most effective strategy to eliminate rabies. The Indonesian island of Bali was rabies-free until 2008 when an epidemic in domestic dogs began, resulting in the deaths of over 100 people. Here we analyze data from the epidemic and compare the effectiveness of control methods at eliminating rabies.</p> <p>Methodology/Principal Findings: Using data from Bali, we estimated the basic reproductive number, R0, of rabies in dogs, to be ~1·2, almost identical to that obtained in ten–fold less dense dog populations and suggesting rabies will not be effectively controlled by reducing dog density. We then developed a model to compare options for mass dog vaccination. Comprehensive high coverage was the single most important factor for achieving elimination, with omission of even small areas (<0.5% of the dog population) jeopardizing success. Parameterizing the model with data from the 2010 and 2011 vaccination campaigns, we show that a comprehensive high coverage campaign in 2012 would likely result in elimination, saving ~550 human lives and ~$15 million in prophylaxis costs over the next ten years.</p> <p>Conclusions/Significance: The elimination of rabies from Bali will not be achieved through achievable reductions in dog density. To ensure elimination, concerted high coverage, repeated, mass dog vaccination campaigns are necessary and the cooperation of all regions of the island is critical. Momentum is building towards development of a strategy for the global elimination of canine rabies, and this study offers valuable new insights about the dynamics and control of this disease, with immediate practical relevance.</p&gt

The Energy Density in the Maxwell-Chern-Simons Theory

A two-dimensional nonrelativistic fermion system coupled to both electromagnetic gauge fields and Chern-Simons gauge fields is analysed. Polarization tensors relevant in the quantum Hall effect and anyon superconductivity are obtained as simple closed integrals and are evaluated numerically for all momenta and frequencies. The correction to the energy density is evaluated in the random phase approximation (RPA), by summing an infinite series of ring diagrams. It is found that the correction has significant dependence on the particle number density. In the context of anyon superconductivity, the energy density relative to the mean field value is minimized at a hole concentration per lattice plaquette (0.05 \sim 0.06) (p_c a/\hbar)^2 where p_c and a are the momentum cutoff and lattice constant, respectively. At the minimum the correction is about -5 % \sim -25 %, depending on the ratio (2m \omega_c)/(p_c^2) where \omega_c is the frequency cutoff. In the Jain-Fradkin-Lopez picture of the fractional quantum Hall effect the RPA correction to the energy density is very large. It diverges logarithmically as the cutoff is removed, implying that corrections beyond RPA become important at large momentum and frequency.Comment: 19 pages (plain Tex), 12 figures not included, UMN-TH-1246/9

On dogs, people, and a rabies epidemic:results from a sociocultural study in Bali, Indonesia

Background Previously free of rabies, Bali experienced an outbreak in 2008, which has since caused a large number of human fatalities. In response, both mass dog culling and vaccination have been implemented. In order to assess potential community-driven interventions for optimizing rabies control, we conducted a study exploring the relationship between dogs, rabies, and the Balinese community. The objectives of this study were to: i) understand the human-dog relationship in Bali; ii) explore local knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) relating to rabies; and iii) assess potential community-driven activities to optimize rabies control and surveillance. Methods Conducted between February and June 2011, the study combined a questionnaire (n = 300; CI = 95 %; error margin = 5 %) and focus group discussions (FGDs) in 10 villages in the Denpasar, Gianyar, and Karangasem regencies. The questionnaire included a Likert scale to assess community knowledge and attitudes. For the knowledge assessment, three points were given for a correct answer, while wrong answers and uncertain answers were given zero points. For the attitudes assessment, three points were given for a positive answer, two points for a neutral answer, and one point for a negative answer. Respondent knowledge was categorized as good (score >40), fair (score 20–40), or poor (score 26), neutral (score 13–26), or negative (score <13), based on a maximum total score of 39. Mixed-gender FGDs in each sub-village (banjar) were conducted, each involving 7–15 participants to complement the questionnaire results. On a follow-up research trip in mid-2013, the data analysis was triangulated and validated using semi-structured interviews. Questionnaire data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS 17.0, while qualitative data from interviews and FGDs were analyzed manually according to accepted methods of coding and memo writing. The chi-square test was then used to analyze the statistical relationships between knowledge and attitudes of the respondents. Results Out of the total 300 respondents, most were predominantly male (82 %), Hindu (99 %), married (96 %), older than 30 years of age (92 %), and owned dogs (72 %). Dog ownership was motivated by culture, personal taste, and function, with dogs was being used as guards (85 %) and companion animals (27 %), and was sometimes related to religious or traditional obligations (2 %). Relating to their culture and local beliefs, and eventually becoming their way of life, 79 % of respondents kept free-roaming dogs. With the rabies outbreak in Bali and Western breeds becoming more popular, more responsible dog ownership (leashing, confining, regular feeding) became more acceptable and changed community perceptions on keeping dogs, even though the sustainability of this practice cannot be gauged. In addition, the economic situation posed major problems in rural areas. The level of community knowledge about rabies and its associated control programs were generally fair and community attitudes were positive. However, community KAPs still need to be improved. A total of 74 % respondents reported to have vaccinated their dogs in 2011, but only few were found to report rabid animals to livestock officers (12 %) and a significant number believed that washing a bite wound was not important (62 %). Moreover, free-roaming dog practices and discarding of unwanted female puppies still continue and possibly create difficulties for rabies elimination as these practices potentially increase the stray dog population. We identified three major sociocultural aspects with potential for community-driven interventions to optimize current rabies elimination efforts: integrating local notions of ahimsa (non-violence) into education campaigns, engaging communities through the local banjar sociopolitical system, and working with traditional legal structures to increase local compliance with rabies control. Conclusion The human-dog relationship in Bali is multifaceted. Due to the uniqueness of the culture and the local beliefs, and encouraged by a socioeconomic aspect, a number of local practices were found to be constituting risk factors for continued rabies spread. Community knowledge and attitudes, which can consequently result in behavioral changes, needs to be improved across different genders, ages, educational backgrounds, and roles in the community, regardless of the individual village’s experiences with rabies. Furthermore, community-driven activities based on sociocultural conditioning and community capacity at the banjar and village levels, such as public awareness activities, vaccination, dog registration, dog population management, and rapid response to dog bites, were identified as being able to complement the rabies control program in Bali. The program also needs recognition or acknowledgement from governments, especially local government as well as regular mentoring to improve and sustain community participation