The joints manifestation of inflammatory bowel diseases

t: Joint manifestations of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are observed in 30% of cases. Their largest share is in total forms of ulcerative colitis (UC) 85-90% and Crohn's disease (CD) involving the colon 30-35% or large and small intestines 60%. The pathogenesis of articular manifestations remains unclear. The importance of increased permeability of the intestinal wall, which is noted in patients with UC and CD, is discussed, as a result of which the components of the membrane wall of bacteria enter the bloodstream. These components act as peptide antigens that can lead to the development of arthritis. Contacting the molecules of histocompatibility complexes and further activating T-lymphocytes, peptides lead to joint inflammation. From the point of view of a rheumatologist, the articular manifestations of IBD are classified as seronegative spondyloarthropathies. During 2013-2020, we studied the frequency of treatment of patients with IBD with extraintestinal articular manifestations for examination to a rheumatologist. We analyzed the ratio of the number of patients with IBD having joints manifestations, which were confirmed and diagnosed by a rheumatologist or consulted in the areas of a gastroenterologist and a surgeon-proctologist. All patients who turned to a rheumatologist with joints manifestations over the years were referred by a gastroenterologist (38%), surgeonproctologist (14%) and these extraintestinal manifestations of IBD were suspected and confirmed by a rheumatologist (48%). The need for a differentiated approach to the treatment of peripheral arthritis and any axial skeletal lesions is noted, the role of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) drugs, steroidal and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), immunosuppressant and biological drugs in the treatment of articular syndrome in IBD is evaluated. It is indicated that patients with IBD having of joints manifestations should be observed jointly by a rheumatologist, gastroenterologist and a proctologist. Regional or granulomatous ileitis is a chronic bowel disease (Crohn's disease) that covers all the layers of the intestinal wall (transmural lesions), and sometimes spreads to the mesentery, regional lymph nodes affecting both the small and large intestines, but most often localized in the terminal section of a thin guts (regional, terminal ileitis). These diseases can be accompanied by damage to the peripheral joints, spine, or joints and spine. The clinical manifestations of the joint syndrome in both processes are the same. The pathogenesis of the intestinal process and joint damage has not been fully established, but it is believed that many mechanisms participate in it, and in particular, toxic, immune, autoimmune. In the blood of patients, antibodies to the cells of the intestinal mucosa, lymphocytotoxin antibodies, circulating immune complexes, in which, possibly, antigenic components of intestinal microbes, etc., are also present. In Crohn's disease, articular manifestations usually occur in childhood and adolescence. The development of peripheral arthritis in these diseases is usually not associated with the carriage of the histocompatibility antigen B27. Ankylosing spondylitis is more common in men than in women (3: 1). This disease usually develops in people who have HLA B27. Articular changes with regional ileitis occur more often in patients with other extraintestinal manifestations of the processes - with ulcers of the oral mucosa, exacerbate erythema nodosum, gangrenous pyoderma

Infrared Detector Activities at NASA Langley Research Center

Infrared detector development and characterization at NASA Langley Research Center will be reviewed. These detectors were intended for ground, airborne, and space borne remote sensing applications. Discussion will be focused on recently developed single-element infrared detector and future development of near-infrared focal plane arrays (FPA). The FPA will be applied to next generation space-based instruments. These activities are based on phototransistor and avalanche photodiode technologies, which offer high internal gain and relatively low noise-equivalent-power. These novel devices will improve the sensitivity of active remote sensing instruments while eliminating the need for a high power laser transmitter

Two-micron Detector Development using Sb-based Material Systems

NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC), in partnership with the University of Delaware (UD), developed AlGaAsSb/InGaAsSb custom-designed phototransistors in the 0.6-2.5 micron wavelength range for applications to laser remote sensing. The phototransistor s performance greatly exceeds the previously reported results at this wavelength range in the literature. The performances of the custom-designed phototransistor, such as responsivity, detectivity, and gain, are improved significantly as compared to the previously published detectors as well as commercial detectors. Detection in the 0.6- to 2.5- micron broadband with a single phototransistor will result in reduction or elimination of heavy and complex optical components now required for multiple wavelength detection in atmospheric remote sensors resulting in smaller, lighter, simpler instruments with higher performance. This high performance broadband phototransistor will eliminate the need for high power laser for active remote sensing and also the Si (1.0- micron cutoff) and InGaAs (extended 2.3- micron cutoff) detectors. The developed broadband phototransistor will be applicable for the next generation of space-based Earth observations and other planetary instruments for active and passive remote sensing with substantial reduction in size, complexity, and weight to measure water vapor, methane, and carbon dioxide in planetary atmospheres as well as aerosol, cloud, water vapor, O2, CO, and CO2 for a broad range of applications to Earth and Space Science Missions under Science Mission Directorate (SMD) research programs

Track and field athletics elite: discipline-specific psychomotor tests and analysis

Objective of the study was to obtain and analyze discipline-specific psychomotor data of the national track and field athletics elit

Технічні переваги системи седиментаційного відновлення стічних вод міста

The work designs a system of production components of urban infrastructure to create an energy efficient city. Hydraulic, hydrological, heat exchange processes of interaction of water structure and elements of treatment structures for centrifugal deposition of suspended matter have been investigated. Depending on the degree of contamination, devices for resource recovery are calculated. The duration of recovery operations was investigated. The technological cycle of re-water recovery and the number of cycles of cavitation generator for controlled conditioning of conditionally clean and dirty waters have been determined. Reverse osmosis devices for the recovery of conditionally pure water have been investigated. Categorized potential effluents of industrial waters as appropriate for restoration. Samples of experimental sediments for the needs of the construction industry at operating and supercritical modes of operation of the technological stream were obtained. A mathematical model of the productivity of irrigation of agro-centers in drought conditions with drip irrigation by repeated water has been developed.Робота проектує систему виробничих компонентів міської інфраструктури для створення енергоефективного міста. Досліджено гідравлічні, гідрологічні, теплообмінні процесі взаємодії водної структури та елементів очисних конструкцій для відцентрового осадження завислих речовин. Розраховано залежно від ступеня забруднення апарати для відновлення ресурсу. Досліджено тривалість операцій відновлення. Визначено технологічний цикл відновлення повторної води та кількість циклів кавітаційного генератора для керованого кондиціювання умовно чистих та брудних вод. Досліджено апарати зворотного осмосу для відновлення умовно чистих вод. Категоризовані потенційні стоки промислових вод за доцільністю відновлення. Отримано зразки експериментальних осадів для потреб будівельного господарства при робочих та надкритичних режимах роботи технологічної цівки. Розроблена математична модель продуктивності зрошення агроцентрів в умовах засухи крапельним зрошенням повторною водою

Регулировка траффика и обработка рейтинга в одноранговых сетях BitTorrent

Розглянуті різні методи регулювання трафіку та обробки користувацької репутації в контексті мережі BіtTorrent. Виконано огляд методів обчислення користувацької репутації та способів розділення якості сервісу на їх основі.Various methods for traffic regulation and reputation handling in the distributive and client context of BitTorrent network are analyzed. The overview of the methods for the calculation of the user reputation in the private trackers and corresponding reputation-based access systems are performed.Методы регулировки трафика и обработки пользовательской репутации в сетях с одноранговой коммуникацией BitTorrent. Рассмотрены различные методы регулировки трафика и обработки пользовательской репутации в контексте сетей BitTorrent. Выполнен обзор методов вычисления пользовательской репутации и способов разграничения качества сервиса на их основе

Thermophotovoltaic Cells on Zinc Diffused Polycrystalline GaSb

For the first time, it has been demonstrated that thermophotovoltaic cells made of polycrystalline GaSb with small grain sizes (down to 100 x 100 {micro}m) have similar characteristics to the best Zinc diffused single crystal GaSb cells with identified device parameters. The grain boundaries in polycrystalline GaSb do not degrade TPV cell parameters, indicating that such material can be used for high-efficiency thermophotovoltaic cells

ВАСКУЛИТ КОЖИ У ПАЦИЕНТКИ С ХРОНИЧЕСКИМ ГЕПАТИТОМ С, СМЕШАННОЙ КРИОГЛОБУЛИНЕМИЕЙ И АКТИВНО ТЕКУЩЕЙ ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ ЦИТОМЕГАЛОВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИЕЙ (описание клинического случая)

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2.4 Micrometer Cutoff Wavelength AlGaAsSb/InGaAsSb Phototransistors

We report the first AlGaAsSb/InGaAsSb phototransistors with a cutoff wavelength (50% of peak responsivity) of 2.4 micrometers operating in a broad range of temperatures. These devices are also the first AlGaAsSb/InGaAsSb heterojunction phototransistors (HPT) grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). This work is a continuation of a preceding study, which was carried out using LPE (liquid phase epitaxy)-grown AlGaAsSb/InGaAsSb/GaSb heterostructures. Although the LPE-related work resulted in the fabrication of an HPT with excellent parameters [1-4], the room temperature cutoff wavelength of these devices (approximately 2.15 micrometers) was determined by fundamental limitations implied by the close-to-equilibrium growth from Al-In-Ga-As-Sb melts. As the MBE technique is free from the above limitations, AlGaAsSb/InGaAsSb/GaSb heterostructures for HPT with a narrower bandgap of the InGaAsSb base and collector - and hence sensitivity at longer wavelengths (lambda) - were grown in this work. Moreover, MBE - compared to LPE - provides better control over doping levels, composition and width of the AlGaAsSb and InGaAsSb layers, compositional and doping profiles, especially with regard to abrupt heterojunctions. The new MBE-grown HPT exhibited both high responsivity R (up to 2334 A/W for lambda=2.05 micrometers at -20 deg C.) and specific detectivity D* (up to 2.1 x 10(exp 11) cmHz(exp 1/2)/W for lambda=2.05 micrometers at -20 deg C)