UPAYA MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN KREATIVITAS SISWA PADA MATERI MATEMATIKA DI SEKOLAH DASAR DENGAN PEMBELAJARAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH

Abstrak: Upaya Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Kreativitas Siswa pada materi Matematika di Sekolah Dasar dengan Pembelajaran Pemecahan Masalah. Sistem pembelajaran matematika dewasa ini sangat menekankan pada pendayagunaan keaktifan siswa dalam proses belajar dan pembelajaran untuk mencapai tujuan yang telah ditentukan. Pada tulisan ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan Pembelajaran pemecahan masalah pada mata pelajaran matematika di sekolah dasar dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan kreativitas belajar siswa. Kreativitas dapat menciptakan situasi yang baru, tidak monoton dan menarik sehingga siswa akan lebih terlibat dalam kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan. Pembelajaran pemecahan masalah dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan kreativitas belajar siswa. Karena Konsep dasar dan karakteristik Pembelajaran pemecahan masalah merupakan rangkaian aktivitas pembelajaran yang menekankan pada proses penyelesaian masalah yang dihadapi secara ilmiah. Kata Kunci: Pemecahan Masalah, matematika, aktivitas, kreativita

Upaya Guru Dalam Mengembangkan Pemahaman Konsep Kepada Anak Didik Dalam Pembahasan Trigonometri

UPAYA GURU DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP KEPADA ANAK DIDIK DALAM PEMBAHASAN TRIGONOMETRI ?é?á Abstrak Concepts are ideas that can be used to categorize or classify objects, whether a particular objects is an example of the concepts or not. At the simplest level we often observe objects with their characteristic. Based on the observation that the similarities can be seen from the object, so we can classify these objects. Concept math learning can be done by using a deductive approach begins by giving definitions, axioms, and the theorems followed by giving examples. This example can be given by the teacher or found by students. Deductive approach in teaching mathematics is commonly practiced. Learning by using deductive approach have to do fastly so it caan be more efficient. If a math lesson conducted with formal approach, but its implementation is deviate from the formal system, so it use informal approach. In this approach, theorem or formulas of mathematics is given. Then used to solve the problem without degrading or prove prior learning with informal approach can be used to train the students to discover and prove the characteristic or formula

Keefektifan Model Pembelajaran Kontekstual Dengan Pendekatan Open Ended Dalam Pemecahan Masalah

: The Effect of Open-ended-based Contextual Learning on the Problem-solving Ability of the Students. The study tries to describe the effect of open-ended-based contextual learning on the ability of the first grade of junior high school students in problem solving. The study is based on an experiment involving two different groups. One group was taught by using open-ended-based contextual learning model and the other was taught using an expository learning model. The result of the experiment shows that students' ability in problem solving taught using open-ended-based contextual learning model is better that ability of the students taught using expository learning model

The Implementation of Hand-Puppets as a Storytelling Media To The Students’ Language Skills and Characters (An R&D on the Second Grader of Sdn 6 Karangasem Batang Central Java Indonesia)

Teaching bahasa to elementary school students has important role in building attitudes, habits, and basic abilities to develop their language skills.  Story telling is a part of it. The story teller must have good performance of voice, intonation, and mimic, so that the listeners can understand and enjoy the performance. The story tellers must be supported by appropriate media; they are hand puppets.  The objective of this study is to know the implementation of hand-puppets as a story telling media to support students’ language skills and character building of the second graders of SDN 6 Karangasem Batang.  It is an R and D research. The data were collected by observing, interviewing teacher, giving tests, and taking documentations. Based on the data, hand-puppets can be used to increase students’ language skills in retelling story. Those data were shown by students’ active participation during the learning process and their interest, enthusiasm, and brave in retelling story in front of their classmates.  There were 10 students who joined in retelling story activity actively in “Pembelajaran I”. The numbers of students were increased in “Pembelajaran II”; there were 17 students. The media can also be used as an alternative teaching media to build students’ positive characters that made them easily understand and catch the moral value of each story. The researchers suggest to the teachers to create some more interesting media that make the students more fun and interested in joining the learning process

Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen Critical Thinking pada Pemanfaatan Media SIGUPIS di Sekolah Dasar

This development research aims to determine the validity and reliability of the critical thinking instrument for fifth grade elementary school students on the use of traditional game-based SIGUPIS media (Elementary Social Learning Song Creation). The assessment instrument developed was in the form of a questionnaire. The research subjects consisted of 3 validators and 20 fifth grade elementary school students. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire or questionnaire technique. The data collected is in the form of data on the validity and reliability of critical thinking instruments. Data on the development of critical thinking instruments obtained through the validity test were analyzed with Aiken's v, while the data from the reliability test were analyzed with Kappa Statistics using SPSS version 16. The results showed that the validity test by the validator obtained the results of the ten statements used belonging to the high category so that the instrument is suitable for use. The reliability test shows that the alpha value is 0.967 so that the reliability of the instrument is included in the very high category. Based on the results of this study, the questionnaire instrument to find out the critical thinking of fifth grade elementary school students in utilizing SIGUPIS media based on traditional games is feasible to use

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA RAK BILANGAN UNTUK MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA PADA MATERI PENJUMLAHAN SISWA KELAS II SEKOLAH DASAR

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pembelajaran menggunakan media rak bilangan dapat mencapai ketuntasan belajar, untuk mengetahui apakah pembelajaran dengan media rak bilangan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar, untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan hasil belajar dengan menggunakan media rak bilangan dan pembelajaran konvensional. Penelitian dilatarbelakangi oleh banyak siswa yang mengalami kesukaran dalam memahami pelajaran matematika khususnya pada materi penjumlahan. Oleh karena itu, perlu penerapan media pembelajaran rak bilangan sebagai salah satu media yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Srondol Kulon 02. Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media rak bilangan untuk kelas II sekolah Dasar, metode pengambilan data dengan menggunakan metode tes dan metode observasi. Sedangkan untuk analisis data ketuntasan belajar digunakan uji one sample t-test, sedangkan untuk hasil belar menggunakan uji-t. Berdasarkan data hasil validasi instrumen media rak bilangan diperoleh nilai 82,17 berdasarkan kategorisasi media rak bilangan baik, data hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata hasil belajar kelompok eksperimen 83,91 dan kelompok kontrol 73,91. Berdasarkan uji kesamaan varian diperoleh Fhitung 0,978 dengan sig.0,327>0.05 artinya varian kedua kelompok sama, berdasarkan uji thitung = 3,085 dengan nilai sig.0,003<0,05 artinya bahwa hasil belajar kedua kelompok berbeda, dapat disimpulkan pembelajaran dengan media rak bilangan lebih baik dari pada pembelajaran konvensional

Keefektifan Model Pembelajaran Kontekstual dengan pendekatan open ended dalam aspek penalaran dan pemecahan masalah pada materi segitiga di kelas VII.

AbstrakThe Education Unit Level Curriculum states that problem solving, reasoning is the goal of learning mathematics elementary, junior high school and vocational school in addition to goals related to understanding the concept, this is contrary to the conditions of teachers who assume that the final answer to these problems is the main goal in learning , the procedure less students in solving the problems noted by teachers as too oriented to the truth of the final answer. Such conditions require the learning of mathematics with emphasis on problem-solving process. This study is an experimental study to analyze the effectiveness of contextual learning with open-ended approach in reasoning and problem-solving aspect of the triangle of material in class VII. Issues that were examined: 1) Do students who get contextual learning with open-ended approach can achieve exhaustiveness learn?, 2) Does problem-solving skills of students who get contextual learning with open-ended approach is better than in students with learning expository method?, 3) Is the reasoning that students can reach the criterion was after getting contextual learning with open-ended approach?. The study population was all students in grade VII Kesatrian SMP 2 Semarang. The sample study was graders VIIa as an experimental class and grade students VIIE as a control class. The variables studied are the reasoning and problem-solving. Data obtained from the documentation, testing and observation. The data obtained were analyzed using average test, correlation, analysis dwifaktor, and t-test. Results showed that students can achieve exhaustiveness study with an average of 73.31, t value = 3.137 with p value = 0.003 65. Reasoning students showed 33.33% of students have demonstrated high reasoning, 38.88% students have a reasoning being, and 27% of students have low reasoning sig later than table value 0.000 <0.05 with a mean value of r = 0.745 reasoning and problem solving has ties are very strong at 74.5%. Problem-solving abilities of students with contextual learning and open ended approach is different from expository teaching classes, based on the t test with a test value 0.030 p value <0.05. Average problem solving abilities of students reached 73.3 while the control class 65, 83 meaning that the average problem solving abilities of students in a class of contextual learning with open-ended approach is better. Then seen from the test value v dwifaktor test value 0.178 means not different problem-solving skills of students seen from the top, the middle and bottom groups.Concluded that the contextual learning with open-ended approach in reasoning and problem-solving aspect of the triangle of material in class VII learn effectively and achieve completeness.Keywords: Effectiveness, contextual learning, open ended, reasoning, problem-solving

UPAYA GURU DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP KEPADA ANAK DIDIK DALAM PEMBAHASAN TRIGONOMETRI

Concepts are ideas that can be used to categorize or classify objects, whether a particular objects is an example of the concepts or not. At the simplest level we often observe objects with their characteristic. Based on the observation that the similarities can be seen from the object, so we can classify these objects.Concept math learning can be done by using a deductive approach begins by giving definitions, axioms, and the theorems followed by giving examples. This example can be given by the teacher or found by students. Deductive approach in teaching mathematics is commonly practiced. Learning by using deductive approach have to do fastly so it caan be more efficient. If a math lesson conducted with formal approach, but its implementation is deviate from the formal system, so it use informal approach. In this approach, theorem or formulas of mathematics is given. Then used to solve the problem without degrading or prove prior learning with informal approach can be used to train the students to discover and prove the characteristic or formula