711 research outputs found
Evaluation of the environmental noise levels in Abuja Municipality using mobile phones
Background: Noise remains a nuisance which impacts negatively on the physical, social and psychological wellbeing of man. It aggravates chronic illnesses like hypertension and other cardiopulmonary diseases. Unfortunately, increased activities from industrialization and technological transfers/drifts have tumultuously led to increased noise pollution in most of our fast growing cities today and hence the need for concerted efforts in monitoring and regulating our environmental noise.Objectives: To assess the equivalent noise level (Leq) in Abuja municipality and promote a simple method for regular assessment of Leq within our environment.Methods: This is a cross-sectional community based study of the environmental Leq of Abuja municipality conducted between January 2014 and January 2016. The city was divided into 12 segments including residential, business and market areas via the Abuja Geographic Information System. The major markets were captured separately on a different scale. Measurements were taken with the mobile phone softwares having validated this withExtech 407730 digital sound level meter, serial no Z310135 . Leq(A) were measured at different points and hours of the day and night. The average Leq(A) were classified according to localities and compared with WHO standard safety levels.Results: LeqD ranged 71-92dB(A); 42-79dB(A) and 69-90dB(A) in business/ parks, residential and market places respectively. The Night measurements were similar 18dB(A)-56dB(A) and the day-night Leq(A)=77.2dB(A) and 90.4dB(A) for residential and business zones.Conclusion: The night noise levels are satisfactory but the day and daynight levels are above the recommended tolerable values by WHO and therefore urgently call for awareness and legislative regulations
Qweak: A Precision Measurement of the Proton's Weak Charge
The Qweak experiment at Jefferson Lab aims to make a 4% measurement of the
parity-violating asymmetry in elastic scattering at very low of a
longitudinally polarized electron beam on a proton target. The experiment will
measure the weak charge of the proton, and thus the weak mixing angle at low
energy scale, providing a precision test of the Standard Model. Since the value
of the weak mixing angle is approximately 1/4, the weak charge of the proton
is suppressed in the Standard Model, making it
especially sensitive to the value of the mixing angle and also to possible new
physics. The experiment is approved to run at JLab, and the construction plan
calls for the hardware to be ready to install in Hall C in 2007. The
theoretical context of the experiment and the status of its design are
discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX2e, to be published in CIPANP 2003
proceeding
Strange Quark Contributions to Parity-Violating Asymmetries in the Backward Angle G0 Electron Scattering Experiment
We have measured parity-violating asymmetries in elastic electron-proton and
quasi-elastic electron-deuteron scattering at Q^2 = 0.22 and 0.63 GeV^2. They
are sensitive to strange quark contributions to currents in the nucleon, and to
the nucleon axial current. The results indicate strange quark contributions of
< 10% of the charge and magnetic nucleon form factors at these four-momentum
transfers. We also present the first measurement of anapole moment effects in
the axial current at these four-momentum transfers.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, changed references, typo, and conten
Correspondence:
We questioned 180 patients with end-stage renal disease on maintenance haemodialysis, chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and those who had undergone renal transplantation at the Department of Nephrology, General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Twelve patients (6.7%) had consumed excessive quantities ofanalgesics prior to the institution oflong-term dialysis or transplantation. Primary renal disease was considered to be analgesic nephropathy in seven patients (3.9%); in five patients (2.8%), analgesic abuse could have been a contributory factor to end-stage renal failure. Analgesic nephropathy is hence an uncommon cause of end-stage renal disease in Malaysia. However, it is important to be aware of the problem and to institute preventive measures as the cost of treatment for end-stage renal disease is prohibitive
Transverse Beam Spin Asymmetries at Backward Angles in Elastic Electron-Proton and Quasi-elastic Electron-Deuteron Scattering
We have measured the beam-normal single-spin asymmetries in elastic
scattering of transversely polarized electrons from the proton, and performed
the first measurement in quasi-elastic scattering on the deuteron, at backward
angles (lab scattering angle of 108 degrees) for Q2 = 0.22 GeV^2/c^2 and 0.63
GeV^2/c^2 at beam energies of 362 MeV and 687 MeV, respectively. The asymmetry
arises due to the imaginary part of the interference of the two-photon exchange
amplitude with that of single photon exchange. Results for the proton are
consistent with a model calculation which includes inelastic intermediate
hadronic (piN) states. An estimate of the beam-normal single-spin asymmetry for
the scattering from the neutron is made using a quasi-static deuterium
approximation, and is also in agreement with theory
Measurement of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering with a Polarized Proton Target
The longitudinal target-spin asymmetry A_UL for the exclusive
electroproduction of high energy photons was measured for the first time in
p(e,e'p\gamma). The data have been accumulated at Jefferson Lab with the CLAS
spectrometer using 5.7 GeV electrons and a longitudinally polarized NH_3
target. A significant azimuthal angular dependence was observed, resulting from
the interference of the Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering and Bethe-Heitler
processes. The amplitude of the sin(phi) moment is 0.252 +/- 0.042(stat) +/-
0.020(sys). Theoretical calculations are in good agreement with the magnitude
and the kinematic dependence of the target-spin asymmetry, which is sensitive
to the generalized parton distributions H and H-tilde.Comment: Modified text slightly, added reference
A Precise Measurement of the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor GMn in the Few-GeV2 Region
The neutron elastic magnetic form factor GMn has been extracted from
quasielastic electron scattering data on deuterium with the CEBAF Large
Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at Jefferson Lab. The kinematic coverage of the
measurement is continuous from Q2=1 GeV2 to 4.8 GeV2. High precision was
achieved by employing a ratio technique in which many uncertainties cancel, and
by a simultaneous in-situ calibration of the neutron detection efficiency, the
largest correction to the data. Neutrons were detected using the CLAS
electromagnetic calorimeters and the time-of-flight scintillators. Data were
taken at two different electron beam energies, allowing up to four
semi-independent measurements of GMn to be made at each value of Q2. The dipole
parameterization is found to provide a good description of the data over the
measured Q2 range.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, revtex4, submitted to Physical Review Letters,
Revised version has changes recommended by journal referee
Credentials, talent and cultural capital: a comparative study of educational elites in England and France
This article examines student accounts of credentials, talent and academic success, against a backdrop of the enduring liberal ideal of an education-based meritocracy. The article also examines Bourdieuâs account of academic qualifications as the dominant source of institutionalised cultural capital, and concludes that it does not adequately account for comparative differences in the social structure of competition and ideological shifts in class (re)production in different national contexts. This analysis is based on an empirical investigation of elite students at Oxford University and Sciences Po in Paris. We investigated how they understand the competition for a livelihood and whether they see themselves as more âtalentedâ than students from non-elite universities. This investigation revealed important similarities and differences between British and French students that have significant sociological implications for the (re)production and legitimation of educational and labour market inequalities
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