Knowledge of Paramedical Students about Emergency Contraception in Baghdad City

  الهدف من الدراسة: أن الهدف من الدراسة تحديد معرفة طلاب كل من كلية التمريض وكلية التقنيات الصحية والطبية والمعهد التقني الطبي  حول موانع الحمل الطارئ .                                           المنهجية: كانت الدراسة دراسة مقطعية والتي تم الحصول عليها من طلاب كلية التقنيات الصحية والطبية وكلية التمريض والمعهد الطبي التقني  أجريت خلال الفترة الممتدة من  آذار 2015 إلى  آذار 2016 وشملت الدراسة (120 ) (عينة غير احتمالية سهلة,تم جمع المعلومات باعتماد استبانه خاصة أعدت لهذا الغرض واعتماد المعلومات الديمغرافية (العمر,الجنس,استعمال الموانع,هل تحتوي الحبوب على البروجستيرون والاستروجين ,هل يتم أخذها بدون وصفة طبية ,هل يتم تنظيم الأسرة باستخدام الحبوب ,الحبوب أحادية التركيب أو ثنائية التركيب ,هل يوجد مرض يمنع استخدامها,الأعراض الجانبية للحبوب ....الخ)                                                                                            النتائج: أظهرت النتيجة أن أعلى معدل من الإجابات هو من قبل طلاب كلية التمريض في سن (21-24) سنة، وأعلى معارف للطلاب في كلية التقنيات الصحية والطبية حول (حبوب منع الحمل الطارئ تحتوي على هرموني البروجيستيرون والأستروجين) وكانت النسبة هي (31.7%).                                                                                    التوصيات: هناك حاجة ماسة لتحسين وتطوير معارف الطلبة بخصوص موانع الحمل الطارئ من خلال التثقيف الصحي والندوات و دراستهم للموضوع بصورة موسعة.Objectives : To determine the knowledge and attitude of paramedical students about emergency contraception.   Methodology :A cross-sectional study conducted inn college of Health and Medical Technology, College of Nursing University of Baghdad, Institute of Medical Technol- ogy. Sampling was (non probability convenient) & the sample size was 120 students. Study started from March 2015 to March 2016. Data was collected by questionnaire to obtain socio-demographic information (age, gender, contraception using intake of ,pills contained progesterone & estrogen ,pills without prescription ,family planning with con- traception, dual & signal pills ,disease prohibited from using ,side effects,. . . . . . ..etc).   Results: The result showed that there was a higher percentage of the received the answers were these of paramedical student in the college Nursing in age group ( 21-24)whereas the higher level of knowledge of paramedical student was recorded in health and medical technologies their responses were about the emergency contraception contained progesterone and estrogens the percentage of their responses was ( 31.7 % ) .There is a sort of convergence in the level of education between the students ,Faculty of technical and those of the faculty of Nursing .   Recommendations: There is a great need to improve the quality of knowledge of paramedical student regarding the emergency contraception through supplying health education courses and seminars and tackling this thread intensively

Jordanian women’s experiences and constructions of labour and birth in different settings, over time and across generations : a qualitative study

Many women across the world experience birth as dehumanising and disrespectful and this is particularly so in Middle Eastern countries including Jordan. The increasing evidence of mistreatment during labour and birth has garnered the attention of the World Health Organization (WHO) and Safer Motherhood. The WHO explicitly states that there is an urgent need for more evidence and action on ensuring that maternity care is respectful, maintains women’s dignity and offers emotional support. This thesis has two aims: 1. To examine Jordanian women’s experiences and constructions of labour and birth in different settings (home, public and private hospitals in Jordan, and Australian public hospitals), over time and across generations. 2. To identify strategies and processes to improve the birthing experiences of women in Jordan from the perspective of birthing women and health professionals. This is a thesis by publication and the findings are presented in four published papers. The first publication reports the outcomes of a meta-ethnographic review of the literature reporting Middle Eastern women’s experiences of birth. The second published paper examined Jordanian women’s birth experiences across settings and generations. In the third published paper, the concept of privacy is explored. The final paper reports on the second phase of this thesis that aimed to explore perceptions of community women and health professionals about the key concerns and barriers to change, and potential strategies to improve the birthing experiences of women in Jordan. The findings have demonstrated how meanings attributed to labour and birth, particularly the experience of pain, are produced in different settings, providing insights into the institutional management and social context of birth in Jordan and other Middle Eastern countries. The study also demonstrated the impact of the birth environment, interactions with health professionals and a patriarchal health system on women’s experience. Action is needed at all levels on policy, education and practice. In the short term, training about compassionate care and human rights in childbirth should be provided to midwifery and medical students at university and in professional development for maternity staff. Hearing Jordanian women’s stories may be a very powerful way of informing health professionals and services about the impact of the care they receive and how this can be used to promote practice change

Calcium Channel Blocker (Quinidine) as a New Approach of Male Contraception: A Review

The intentional avoidance of conception via the using a various strategy, sexual practices, chemicals, drugs or surgical method. A successful contraception was permitting a physical relationship between partners without worrying about an unwanted pregnancy and makes sure a freedom to have children when in demand. The purpose is to attain contraception with a highest confidentiality and a minimum cost and side effects. Even though, the intention to finding a new approach of male contraceptives through targeting ion channels was disturbed by lacking the most molecular basis of channels to effect on sperm function. Recently, there is developing of a new approach push of male contraception, based on targeting specific processes in sperm development, maturation, and function by using quinidine as a one of calcium channel blocker. Consequently depending on previous findings and researches on sperm-specific Ca2+ channels, as new non-hormonal drug targets for male contraception. Keywords: Catsper, Male Fertilely, Contraception, Ca2+ Channel Blocker

Solving Optimal Control Linear Systems by Using New Third kind Chebyshev Wavelets Operational Matrix of Derivative

In this paper, a new third kind Chebyshev wavelets operational matrix of derivative is presented, then the operational matrix of derivative is applied for solving optimal control problems using, third kind Chebyshev wavelets expansions. The proposed method consists of reducing the linear system of optimal control problem into a system of algebraic equations, by expanding the state variables, as a series in terms of third kind Chebyshev wavelets with unknown coefficients. Example to illustrate the effectiveness of the method has been presented

Personalisation vs. Privacy: Consumer Perceptions of Location-based Advertising

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Text to speech using Mel-Spectrogram with deep learning algorithms

The purpose of text to speech (TTS), sometimes called speech synthesis, is to synthesize a natural and intelligible speech for a given text. A wide range of applications uses TTS technologies in media, chatbots, and entertainment, among other fields, making it a hot topic for the research community. Recently, the progress achieved by artificial intelligence, especially in deep learning and neural networks, enables TTS to produce a high-quality synthesized speech. However, despite the success achieved, currently, available works suffer from the need for very long training and inference time, which makes it dominated by big tech companies. This paper proposes a model based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) and gated recurrent units (GRU). The proposed model can work even in low computational environments and requires low training time. The MOS achieved is 4.26, higher than the MOS performed by state-of-the-art methods

Collocation Orthonormal Berntein Polynomials method for Solving Integral Equations

In this paper, we use a combination of Orthonormal Bernstein functions on the interval  for degree ,and 6 to produce anew approach implementing Bernstein Operational matrix of derivative as a method for the numerical solution of linear Fredholm integral equations of the second kind and Volterra integral equations. The method converges rapidly to the exact solution and gives very accurate results even by low value of m. Illustrative examples are included to demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the technique and convergence of method to the exact solution. Keywords: Bernstein polynomials, Operational Matrix of Derivative, Linear Fredholm Integral Equations of the Second  Kind and Volterra Integral Equations

Illinois storm sewer system simulation model: user’s manual

The Illinois Storm Sewer System Simulation Model is a mathematical model for sewer design and flow prediction utilizing the Saint Venant equations to route unsteady flows through tree-type sewer networks. An overlapping segment scheme is used in the numerical solutions to account for the backwater effects and mutual influences of the sewers and junctions. The program is written in PL/1 and assembler Language and can be executed on most large IBM 360 and 370 systems. User oriented information is provided in this report. An example on sewer design is also given.U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological SurveyOpe

IMPROVING THE PRIORITIZATION PROCEDURE OF PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 IN HOSPITALS BASED ON DECISION-MAKING TECHNIQUES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Coronavirus-specific antibodies can be detected in the blood of people who have recently recovered from coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Convalescent-Plasma (CP) transfusion process proved that it's among the most efficient protocols, and it's used in hospitals to treat various infections and diseases. Several medical issues have been addressed due to the growing interest in creating Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications. However, considering the virus's enormous potential harm to global public health, such uses are insufficient. This proposed systematic review and meta-analysis aims to obtain an overview of COVID-19, highlight the limits of decision-making approaches, and give healthcare professionals information about the technique's advantages. Between 2016 and 2021, five databases, namely IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus, were utilized to run four sequences of search queries. As a result, 477 studies are found to be relevant. Only six studies were thoroughly examined and included in this review after screening articles and using proper inclusion criteria, highlighting the lack of research on this crucial topic. Studies' findings were reviewed to identify the gaps in all the evaluated papers. Motivations, problems, constraints, suggestions, and case examples were thoroughly examined. This study seeks to answer how we support the researchers with collected information for managing transfusion of the highest quality CP to the most critical COVID-19 patients across telemedicine hospitals