4,787 research outputs found
Complete solution for unambiguous discrimination of three pure states with real inner products
Complete solutions are given in a closed analytic form for unambiguous
discrimination of three general pure states with real mutual inner products.
For this purpose, we first establish some general results on unambiguous
discrimination of n linearly independent pure states. The uniqueness of
solution is proved. The condition under which the problem is reduced to an
(n-1)-state problem is clarified. After giving the solution for three pure
states with real mutual inner products, we examine some difficulties in
extending our method to the case of complex inner products. There is a class of
set of three pure states with complex inner products for which we obtain an
analytical solution.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures, presentation improved, reference adde
This Sporting Life: Sports and Body Culture in Modern Japan
Yale CEAS Occasional Publication Series - Volume 1
Sports in Japan have long been embedded in community life, the educational system, the mass media, the corporate structures, and the nationalist sentiments of modern Japan. For over a century, they have been a crucial intersection of school pedagogy, corporate aims, media constructions, gender relations, and patriotic feelings. The chapters in this book highlight a wide range of sports, and together, they offer a significant window on to the ways that the sporting life animates the institutions of modern Japan.https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/ceas_publication_series/1000/thumbnail.jp
Impact of lithium composition on the thermoelectric properties of the layered cobalt oxide system LixCoO2
Thermoelectric properties of the layered cobalt oxide system LixCoO2 were
investigated in a wide range of Li composition, 0.98 >= x >= 0.35. Single-phase
bulk samples of LixCoO2 were successfully obtained through electrochemical
deintercalation of Li from the pristine LiCoO2 phase. While LixCoO2 with x >=
0.94 is semiconductive, the highly Li-deficient phase (0.75 >= x >= 0.35)
exhibits metallic conductivity. The magnitude of Seebeck coefficient at 293 K
(S293K) significantly depends on the Li content (x). The S293K value is as
large as +70 ~ +100 uV/K for x >= 0.94, and it rapidly decreases from +90 uV/K
to +10 uV/K as x is lowered within a Li composition range of 0.75 >= x >= 0.50.
This behavior is in sharp contrast to the results of x <= 0.40 for which the
S293K value is small and independent of x (+10 uV/K), indicating that a
discontinuous change in the thermoelectric characteristics takes place at x =
0.40 ~ 0.50. The unusually large Seebeck coefficient and metallic conductivity
are found to coexist in a narrow range of Li composition at about x = 0.75. The
coexistence, which leads to an enhanced thermoelectric power factor, may be
attributed to unusual electronic structure of the two-dimensional CoO2 block.Comment: 29 pages, 1 table, 8 figure
Oxygen reduction behavior of rutile-type iridium oxide in sulfuric acid solution
ArticleELECTROCHIMICA ACTA. 54(2):566-573 (2008)journal articl
Discrimination with error margin between two states - Case of general occurrence probabilities -
We investigate a state discrimination problem which interpolates
minimum-error and unambiguous discrimination by introducing a margin for the
probability of error. We closely analyze discrimination of two pure states with
general occurrence probabilities. The optimal measurements are classified into
three types. One of the three types of measurement is optimal depending on
parameters (occurrence probabilities and error margin). We determine the three
domains in the parameter space and the optimal discrimination success
probability in each domain in a fully analytic form. It is also shown that when
the states to be discriminated are multipartite, the optimal success
probability can be attained by local operations and classical communication.
For discrimination of two mixed states, an upper bound of the optimal success
probability is obtained.Comment: Final version, 9 pages, references added, presentation improve
Charge storage mechanism of nanostructured anhydrous and hydrous ruthenium-based oxides
ArticleElectrochimica Acta. 52(4): 1742-1748 (2006)journal articl
An Examination of the Oxygen Reduction Reaction on RuO2-based Oxide Coatings Formed on Titanium Substrates
The RuO2-based electrocatalysts were prepared by using a dip-coating method on Ti plate substrates at 400 degrees C. The catalytic activity of the oxide-coated electrodes for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry in 0.5 M H2SO4 at 60 degrees C in a stationary state. The examination was focused on the enhancement of the catalytic activity in the reaction by the enlargement of the surface area of the RuO2 coating with the help of lanthunum. The onset potential for the ORR, EORR-0, of the RuO2/Ti electrode showed that the highest value was 0.84 V vs. RHE.ArticleCatalysis Today. 146(1-2):248-252. (2009)journal articl
Particle growth behavior of carbon-supported Pt, Ru, PtRu catalysts prepared by an impregnation reductive-pyrolysis method for direct methanol fuel cell anodes
ArticleJournal of Catalysis. 229(1):176-184 (2005)journal articl
Insights from in situ and environmental TEM on the oriented attachment of α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles during α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanorod formation
Acicular α-Fe2O3 nanorods (NRs), at an intermediate stage of development, were isolated using a snapshot valve-assisted hydrothermal synthesis (HS) technique, for the purpose of complementary in situ transmission electron microscopy (iTEM) and environmental TEM (ETEM) investigations of the effect of local environment on the oriented attachment (OA) of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) during α-Fe2O3 NR growth. Observations of static snapshot HS samples suggested that α-Fe2O3 NPs undergo reorientation following initial attachment, consistent with an intermediate OA stage, prior to ‘envelopment’ with the developing NR to adopt a perfect single crystal. Conversely, the heating of partially developed α-Fe2O3 NRs up to 250 °C, under vacuum, during iTEM, demonstrated the progressive coalescence of loosely packed α-Fe2O3 NPs and the coarsening of α-Fe2O3 NRs, without any direct evidence for an intermediate OA stage. Direct evidence was obtained for the action of an OA mechanism prior to the consumption of α-Fe2O3 NPs at the tips of developing α-Fe2O3 NRs during ETEM investigation, under an He pressure of 5 mbar at 500 °C. However, α-Fe2O3 NPs more strongly attached to the side-walls of developing α-Fe2O3 NRs were more likely to be consumed through a local NP destabilisation and reordering process, in the absence of an OA mechanism. Hence, the emerging ETEM evidence suggests a competition between OA and diffusion processes at the α-Fe2O3 NP coalescence stage of acicular α-Fe2O3 NR crystal development, depending on whether the localised growth conditions facilitate freedom of NP movement
Electrical and magnetic properties of ion-exchangeable layered ruthenates
ArticleJournal of Solid State Chemistry. 177(12):4542-4545 (2004)journal articl
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