Morfología, sintaxis y motivación: una propuesta para mejorar la motivación en 3º de ESO mediante el uso de secuencias didácticas para aprender gramática

Màster Universitari de Formació del Professorat de Secundària Obligatòria i Batxillerat, Facultat d'Educació, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2020-2021, Tutor: Jordi González Batlle[spa] ¿Por qué la morfología y la sintaxis siguen siendo la oveja negra en las clases de lengua? ¿No existe forma alguna de mejorar la motivación de nuestros alumnos al trabajar estos conceptos? Y, de ser así, ¿Qué base teórica existe para ello? El presente trabajo permite enlazar el temido Contenido clave de morfología y sintaxis y aquello que los expertos proponen en cuanto a motivación en el aula se refiere. Para conseguir este propósito, MORFOLOGÍA, SINTAXIS Y MOTIVACIÓN: Una propuesta para mejorar la motivación en 3º de ESO mediante el uso de Secuencias didácticas para aprender gramática, describe qué variables son necesarias para motivar a los alumnos, qué tipo de motivación debemos fomentar en el aula y, sobre todo, cómo encajamos esta teoría en una propuesta de curso. De este modo, este TFM ofrece una propuesta de trabajo para 3º de ESO. Lo hace gracias a unas directrices generales y tres Secuencias didácticas para aprender gramática (SDG) que promueven la gramática de base semántica, el trabajo en grupo, la investigación y las instrucciones para convertir una secuencia de trabajo en algo realmente motivador.[eng] Why are morphology and syntax still the black sheep in language classes? Is there no way to improve the motivation of our students when working on these concepts? And, if so, what theoretical basis is there for it? The present work allows to link the feared morphology and syntax Contenido clave and the experts’ proposal in terms of motivation in the classroom. To achieve this purpose, MORFOLOGÍA, SINTAXIS Y MOTIVACIÓN: Una propuesta para mejorar la motivación en 3º de ESO mediante el uso de Secuencias didácticas para aprender gramática, describes what variables are necessary to motivate students, what type of motivation should be promoted in the classroom and, above all, how this theory should be fitted into a work proposal. In this way, this TFM suggests a course proposal for 3rd ESO. It does so, thanks to both general guidelines and three Didactic sequences for learning gramar (SDG) that encourage semantic-based grammar, group work, research, and instructions to turn a work sequence into something truly motivating

Benefits of Emergency Departments' Contribution to Stroke Prophylaxis in Atrial Fibrillation

Altres ajuts: The study was supported by a grant from Bayer Hispania, which had no influence on the content of the articleSupplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Long-term benefits of initiating stroke prophylaxis in the emergency department (ED) are unknown. We analyzed the long-term safety and benefits of ED prescription of anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation patients. Prospective, multicenter, observational cohort of consecutive atrial fibrillation patients was performed in 62 Spanish EDs. Clinical variables and thromboprophylaxis prescribed at discharge were collected at inclusion. Follow-up at 1 year post-discharge included data about thromboprophylaxis and its complications, major bleeding, and death; risk was assessed with univariate and bivariate logistic regression models. We enrolled 1162 patients, 1024 (88.1%) at high risk according to CHADS-VASc score. At ED discharge, 935 patients (80.5%) were receiving anticoagulant therapy, de novo in 237 patients (55.2% of 429 not previously treated). At 1 year, 48 (4.1%) patients presented major bleeding events, and 151 (12.9%) had died. Anticoagulation first prescribed in the ED was not related to major bleeding (hazard ratio, 0.976; 95% confidence interval, 0.294-3.236) and was associated with a decrease in mortality (hazard ratio, 0.398; 95% confidence interval, 0.231-0.686). Adjusting by the main clinical and sociodemographic characteristics, concomitant antiplatelet treatment, or destination (discharge or admission) did not affect the results. Prescription of anticoagulation in the ED does not increase bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation patients at high risk of stroke and contributes to decreased mortality

Perspectivas clínicas del manejo de la hemorragia en el paciente tratado con anticoagulante oral: estudio DECOVER

Objetivo. Evaluar el grado de acuerdo entre hematólogos y urgenciólogos respecto a las mejores prácticas para el manejo de hemorragias y la reversión de la anticoagulación oral. Método. Estudio Delphi multicéntrico español con médicos expertos en anticoagulación y manejo de hemorragias. Se realizaron dos rondas de preguntas entre abril y septiembre de 2015. Se obtenía consenso cuando el 75% o más de los panelistas puntuaban en el mismo tercil. Resultados. Se encuestó a 15 hematólogos y 17 urgenciólogos de 14 comunidades autónomas. La hemodiálisis y la administración de concentrados de complejo protrombínico (CCP) activado fueron tratamientos consensuados para antagonizar una hemorragia relevante/mayor en pacientes tratados con dabigatrán. Para rivaroxabán y apixabán solo se consideró el CCP. El panel no valoró ningún CCP como eficaz y seguro a la vez. Los tiempos de tromboplastina parcial activado, trombina, ecarina y de trombina diluido se indicaron para pacientes tratados con dabigatrán y la actividad anti-Xa específica para los tratados con rivaroxabán y apixabán cuando presentan una hemorragia. Disponer de un antídoto específico para el tratamiento de los anticoagulantes orales de acción directa (ACOD) sería útil en caso de hemorragia grave (97%) y supondría un cambio sustancial en el algoritmo de tratamiento actual (97%). Conclusiones. Los resultados estuvieron en general alineados con las guías de práctica clínica, pero mostraron que existen áreas de mejora en la unificación de criterios sobre el manejo de los pacientes con hemorragias, y destacan la necesidad de disponer de antídotos específicos para ACOD

Case report: Efficacy of immunotherapy as conversion therapy in dMMR/MSI-H colorectal cancer: a case series and review of the literature

Immunotherapy has demonstrated a role in the therapeutic landscape of a small subset of patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC) that harbor a microsatellite instability (MSI-H) status due to a deficient DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) system. The remarkable responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are now being tested in the neoadjuvant setting in localized CRC, where the dMMR/MSI-H status can be found in up to 15% of patients, with remarkable results obtained in NICHE2 and 3 trials, among others. This case series aims to report our experience at a tertiary center and provide a comprehensive analysis of the possible questions and challenges to overcome if ICIs were established as standard of care in a neoadjuvant setting, as well as the potential role they may have as conversion therapy not only in locoregional advanced CRC but also in oligometastatic disease

Benefits of Rhythm Control and Rate Control in Recent-onset Atrial Fibrillation: The HERMES-AF Study.

Although rhythm control has failed to demonstrate long-term benefits over rate control in longstanding episodes of atrial fibrillation (AF), there is little evidence concerning recent-onset ones. We analyzed the benefits of rhythm and rate control in terms of symptoms alleviation and need for hospital admission in patients with recent-onset AF. This was a multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study with prospective standardized data collection carried out in 124 emergency departments (EDs). Clinical variables, treatment effectiveness, and outcomes (control of symptoms, final disposition) were analyzed in stable patients with recent-onset AF consulting for AF-related symptoms. Of 421 patients included, rhythm control was chosen in 352 patients (83.6%), a global effectiveness of 84%. Rate control was performed in 69 patients (16.4%) and was achieved in 67 (97%) of them. Control of symptoms was achieved in 396 (94.1%) patients and was associated with a heart rate after treatment ≤ 110 beats/min (odds ratio [OR] = 14.346, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.90 to 52.70, p 110 beats/min after treatment (OR = 29.71, 95% CI = 7.19 to 123.07, p In our study, recent-onset AF patients in whom rhythm control was attempted in the ED had a high rate of symptoms' alleviation and a reduced rate of hospital admissions

Effects of midazolam vs morphine in patients with acute pulmonary edema with left ventricular systolic dysfunction: a secondary analysis of data from the MIMO trial

Objetivo: El ensayo clínico MIMO demostró que los pacientes con edema agudo de pulmón (EAP) tratados con midazolam tenían menos eventos adversos graves (EAG) que los tratados con morfina. Muchos pacientes con EAP tienen fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (FEVI) preservada ($ 50%). El objetivo fue conocer si la disfunción sistólica ventricular izquierda (DSVI) (fracción eyección ventrículo izquierdo 50%) modifica el efecto protector del midazolam frente a la morfina. Metodo: El estudio MIMO asignó al azar 111 pacientes con EAP a tratamiento con midazolam (dosis de 1 mg intravenosa, hasta una dosis máxima de 3 mg, n = 55) o morfina (dosis de 2-4 mg, hasta una dosis máxima de 8 mg, n = 56). Se calculó el riesgo relativo (RR) de padecer un EAG en pacientes con y sin DSVI. Resultados: La FEVI preservada estuvo presente en 84 (75,7%) pacientes con EAP. En el grupo con DSVI, 4 pacientes (26,9%) en el brazo midazolam frente a 6 (50%) en el brazo morfina presentaron EAG (RR = 0,53; IC 95: 0,2-1,4). En el grupo sin DSVI 6 pacientes (15%) del brazo midazolam frente a 18 (40,9%) del brazo morfina presentaron EAG (RR = 0,37; IC 95: 0,16-0,83). La DSVI no modificó el efecto protector del midazolam en la aparición de EAG con respecto a la morfina (p = 0,57). Conclusiones: En pacientes con EAP el efecto protector del midazolam sobre la morfina en la aparición de EAG y EAG o muerte fue similar en pacientes con y sin DSVI.Objectives: The midazolam vs morphine (MIMO) trial showed that patients treated with midazolam had fewer serious adverse events than those treated with morphine. In many patients with acute pulmonary edema, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is preserved, at 50% or higher. We aimed to determine whether left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction (D), defined by an LVEF of less than 50%, modifies the protective effect of midazolam vs morphine. Material and methods: The MIMO trial randomized 111 patients with acute pulmonary edema to receive intravenous midazolam in 1-mg doses to a maximum of 3 mg (n = 55) or morphine in 2- to 4-mg doses to a maximum of 8 mg (n= 56). We calculated the relative risk (RR) for a serious adverse event in patients with and without systolic LVD. Results: LVEF was preserved in 84 (75.7%) of the patients with acute pulmonary edema. In patients with systolic LVD, 4 patients (26.9%) in the midazolam arm vs 6 (50%) in the morphine arm developed serious adverse events (RR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.2-1.4). In patients without systolic LVD, 6 patients (15%) in the midazolam arm vs 18 (40.9%) in the morphine arm experienced such events (RR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.16-0.83). The presence of systolic LVD did not modify the protective effect of midazolam on serious adverse effects (P=.57). Conclusion: The effect of midazolam vs morphine in protecting against the development of serious adverse events or death is similar in patients with and without systolic LVD.Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Sanidad de España y FEDER (PI17/01590)5.345 JCR (2021) Q1, 5/32 Emergency Medicine0.530 SJR (2021) Q2, 32/94 Emergency MedicineNo data IDR 2021UE

Benefits of Emergency Departments' Contribution to Stroke Prophylaxis in Atrial Fibrillation

Altres ajuts: The study was supported by a grant from Bayer Hispania, which had no influence on the content of the articleSupplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Long-term benefits of initiating stroke prophylaxis in the emergency department (ED) are unknown. We analyzed the long-term safety and benefits of ED prescription of anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation patients. Prospective, multicenter, observational cohort of consecutive atrial fibrillation patients was performed in 62 Spanish EDs. Clinical variables and thromboprophylaxis prescribed at discharge were collected at inclusion. Follow-up at 1 year post-discharge included data about thromboprophylaxis and its complications, major bleeding, and death; risk was assessed with univariate and bivariate logistic regression models. We enrolled 1162 patients, 1024 (88.1%) at high risk according to CHADS-VASc score. At ED discharge, 935 patients (80.5%) were receiving anticoagulant therapy, de novo in 237 patients (55.2% of 429 not previously treated). At 1 year, 48 (4.1%) patients presented major bleeding events, and 151 (12.9%) had died. Anticoagulation first prescribed in the ED was not related to major bleeding (hazard ratio, 0.976; 95% confidence interval, 0.294-3.236) and was associated with a decrease in mortality (hazard ratio, 0.398; 95% confidence interval, 0.231-0.686). Adjusting by the main clinical and sociodemographic characteristics, concomitant antiplatelet treatment, or destination (discharge or admission) did not affect the results. Prescription of anticoagulation in the ED does not increase bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation patients at high risk of stroke and contributes to decreased mortality

Perspectivas clínicas del manejo de la hemorragia en el paciente tratado con anticoagulante oral: estudio DECOVER

Objetivo. Evaluar el grado de acuerdo entre hematólogos y urgenciólogos respecto a las mejores prácticas para el manejo de hemorragias y la reversión de la anticoagulación oral. Método. Estudio Delphi multicéntrico español con médicos expertos en anticoagulación y manejo de hemorragias. Se realizaron dos rondas de preguntas entre abril y septiembre de 2015. Se obtenía consenso cuando el 75% o más de los panelistas puntuaban en el mismo tercil. Resultados. Se encuestó a 15 hematólogos y 17 urgenciólogos de 14 comunidades autónomas. La hemodiálisis y la administración de concentrados de complejo protrombínico (CCP) activado fueron tratamientos consensuados para antagonizar una hemorragia relevante/mayor en pacientes tratados con dabigatrán. Para rivaroxabán y apixabán solo se consideró el CCP. El panel no valoró ningún CCP como eficaz y seguro a la vez. Los tiempos de tromboplastina parcial activado, trombina, ecarina y de trombina diluido se indicaron para pacientes tratados con dabigatrán y la actividad anti-Xa específica para los tratados con rivaroxabán y apixabán cuando presentan una hemorragia. Disponer de un antídoto específico para el tratamiento de los anticoagulantes orales de acción directa (ACOD) sería útil en caso de hemorragia grave (97%) y supondría un cambio sustancial en el algoritmo de tratamiento actual (97%). Conclusiones. Los resultados estuvieron en general alineados con las guías de práctica clínica, pero mostraron que existen áreas de mejora en la unificación de criterios sobre el manejo de los pacientes con hemorragias, y destacan la necesidad de disponer de antídotos específicos para ACOD

Effects of MIdazolam versus MOrphine in acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: An analysis of MIMO trial

Aims: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important comorbidity in heart failure. The MIMO trial showed that patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE) treated with midazolam had fewer serious adverse events than those treated with morphine. In this post hoc analysis, we examined whether the presence/ absence of COPD modifies the reduced risk of midazolam over morphine. Methods: Patients >18 years old clinically diagnosed with ACPE and with dyspnea and anxiety were randomized (1:1) at emergency department arrival to receive either intravenous midazolam or morphine. In this post hoc analysis, we calculated the relative risk (RR) of serious adverse events in patients with and without COPD. Calculating the CochranMantel-Haenszel interaction test, we evaluated if COPD modified the reduced risk of serious adverse events in the midazolam arm compared to morphine. Results: Overall, 25 (22.5%) of the 111 patients randomized had a history of COPD. Patients with COPD were more commonly men with a history of previous episodes of heart failure, than participants without COPD. In the COPD group, the RR for the incidence of serious adverse events in the midazolam versus morphine arm was 0.36 (95%CI, 0.1-1.46). In the group without COPD, the RR was 0.44 (95%CI, 0.22-0.91). The presence of COPD did not modify the reduced risk of serious adverse events in the midazolam arm compared to morphine (p for interaction =0.79). Conclusions: The reduced risk of serious adverse events in the midazolam group compared with morphine is similar in patients with and without COPD.Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Sanidad de España y FEDER (PI17/01590)3.6 Q1 JCR 20220.88 Q1 SJR 2022No data IDR 2022UE

Risk profile, management, and outcomes of patients with venous thromboembolism attended in Spanish Emergency Departments: The ESPHERIA registry.

The objective of this study was to determine the clinical profile of and diagnostic and therapeutic approach to patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Spanish Emergency Departments (EDs). Risk factors, adherence to clinical practice guidelines, and outcomes were also evaluated.Patients with VTE diagnosed in 53 Spanish EDs were prospectively and consecutively included. Demographic data, comorbidities, risk factors for VTE, index event characteristics, hemorrhagic risk, and mortality were evaluated. Adherence to clinical practice guidelines was assessed based on clinical probability scales, requests for determination of D-dimer, use of anticoagulant treatment before confirmation of diagnosis, and assessment of bleeding and prognostic risk. Recurrence, bleeding, and death during admission and at 30, 90, and 180 days after diagnosis in the EDs were recorded.From 549,840 ED visits made over a mean period of 40 days, 905 patients were diagnosed with VTE (incidence 1.6 diagnoses per 1000 visits). The final analysis included 801 patients, of whom 49.8% had pulmonary embolism. The most frequent risk factors for VTE were age (≥70 years), obesity, and new immobility. Clinical probability, prognosis, and bleeding risk scales were recorded in only 7.6%, 7.5%, and 1% of cases, respectively. D-dimer was determined in 87.2% of patients with a high clinical probability of VTE, and treatment was initiated before confirmation in only 35.9% of these patients. In patients with pulmonary embolism, 31.3% had a low risk of VTE. Overall, 98.7% of patients with pulmonary embolism and 50.2% of patients with deep venous thrombosis were admitted. During follow-up, total bleeding was more frequent than recurrences: the rates of any bleeding event were 4.4%, 3.9%, 5.3%, and 3.5% at admission and at 30 and 90, and 180 days, respectively; the rates of VTE recurrence were 2.3%, 1.3%, 1.7%, and 0.6%, respectively. Mortality rates were 3.4%, 3.1%, 4.1%, and 2.6% during hospitalization and at 30, 90, and 180 days, respectively.VTE had a substantial impact on Spanish EDs. The clinical presentation and risk profile for the development of VTE in patients diagnosed in the EDs was similar to that recorded in previous studies. During follow-up, bleeding (overall) was more frequent than recurrences. Adherence to clinical practice guidelines could improve significantly