Sistemas de gestão ambiental e competitividade: uma análise de múltiplos casos em meios de hospedagem de Natal – RN

O presente artigo tem como objetivo compreender se a aplicação do Sistema de Gestão Ambiental (SGA) contribui para a competitividade nos meios de hospedagem pesquisados nesse estudo, verificando, a partir desse contexto, a correlação entre as práticas de Gestão Ambiental e a precificação dos serviços de hospedagem; e de qual forma as práticas ambientais são divulgadas como estratégia competitiva no mercado. A metodologia utilizada está baseada na pesquisa bibliográfica, bem como na realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com os gestores hoteleiros de cinco hotéis previamente selecionados por desenvolverem práticas ambientais em seus empreendimentos, todos localizados na Via Costeira de Natal-RN. A pesquisa caracteriza-se por um estudo descritivo exploratório com uma abordagem qualitativa dos dados obtidos. Verifica-se que o sistema de gestão ambiental nesses empreendimentos está associado à redução dos custos operacionais, que não há uma correlação direta das práticas ambientais com a definição dos preços praticados, e que a divulgação de tais práticas, ainda que reconhecidamente necessária, não é trabalhada como uma estratégia competitiva no mercado local

Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos em Meios de Hospedagem: Um Etudo de Caso do Projeto Lixo Mínimo do Hotel Bühler em Visconde de Mauá, RJ / Solid Waste Management in Hotels: A Case Study of the Project Minimum Solid Wastes in Bühler Hotel in Visconde de Maua, RJ

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt; line-height: 13pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: PT-BR;">O presente artigo refere-se a um estudo de caso, a saber, o Projeto Lixo M&iacute;nimo do Hotel B&uuml;hler, em Visconde de Mau&aacute;, RJ. Trata-se de um projeto ambiental desenvolvido pelos administradores do citado hotel, para minimizar os efeitos negativos da atividade tur&iacute;stica sobre o meio natural. Buscou-se, atrav&eacute;s desta pesquisa, analisar as etapas do referido projeto ambiental, verificando a viabilidade de aplica&ccedil;&atilde;o do mesmo em outros empreendimentos hoteleiros. Os resultados demonstram que a&ccedil;&otilde;es simples, organizadas e eficientes podem ser desenvolvidas pelos empreendimentos hoteleiros, em especial os similares ao Hotel B&uuml;hler, ou seja, situado em &aacute;rea natural e que atende a um n&uacute;mero limitado de h&oacute;spedes. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt; line-height: 13.0pt; mso-hyphenate: auto;">&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt; line-height: 13pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"><strong><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: PT-BR;" lang="EN-US">Solid Waste Management in Hotels: A Case Study of the Project Minimum Solid Wastes in B&uuml;hler Hotel in Visconde de Maua, RJ</span></strong><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: &quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: PT-BR;" lang="EN-US"> - This article refers to a case study, known as the Lixo M&iacute;nimo Project of the B&uuml;hler Hotel in Visconde de Mau&aacute;,RJ, an environmental project developed by the administrators to minimize the negative effects of tourist activity on the natural environment. This paper seeks to analyze the stages of the project, verifying the viability of its application to other enterprises. The results show that simple actions, organized and efficient, can be developed by other hotels , especially by hotels similar to the B&uuml;hler hotel &ndash; situated in a natural area and serving a limited number of guests.</span></p

Gobernanza y sustentabilidad en destinos turísticos: Un análisis del discurso académico

Governance and Sustainability in Tourist Destinations. An Analysis of Academic Discourse. Although interest in governance studies in the context of tourist destinations is associated with the approach to sustainability, the researches in the area tends to disregard this fundamental link and to treat each theme separately and disconnected from the principles and foundations that gave rise to its discussion and evidence in current literature of the area. Based on this perception, this paper proposes to identify if the discourse of governance is present in the works on sustainability and if the discourse of sustainability is in the work on governance. This is a theoretical-conceptual study of a qualitative nature, which may serve as a partial literature review on the relationship between the respective themes. For this purpose, the complete articles published in the Annals of ANPTUR between 2005 and 2017 were used as a database. It was used the methodological instrument ProKnow-C to the selection and classification of the articles. The results indicate that governance is perceived in the debates of sustainability as a presupposition for sustainable development. Sustainability, in turn, is discussed in the context of governance as the purpose of this management model, but not as a philosophical approach that would guide, with its principles, governance actions.Aunque el interés por los estudios sobre gobernanza en el contexto de los destinos turísticos esté asociado al abordaje de la sustentabilidad, las investigaciones en el área tienden a no considerar este eslabón fundamental y tratar cada tema separado y desconectado de los principios y fundamentos que originaron su discusión y evidencia en la literatura actual del área. En base a esta percepción, el presente artículo se propone identificar bajo qué perspectiva aparece el discurso de la gobernanza en los trabajos sobre sustentabilidad y bajo qué perspectiva aparece el discurso de la sustentabilidad en los trabajos sobre gobernanza. Se trata de un estudio teórico-conceptual, de cuño cualitativo, que puede servir como revisión parcial de la literatura sobre la relación entre los respectivos temas. Así, se utilizaron como base de datos los artículos completos publicados en los anales de la ANPTUR entre 2005 y 2017. Se aplicó el método ProKnow-C para la selección y clasificación de los artículos. Los resultados indican que la gobernanza es percibida como un formato de gestión cuyos principios coinciden con los objetivos del desarrollo sustentable. La sustentabilidad, por su parte, es discutida en el contexto de la gobernanza como finalidad de ese modelo de gestión, pero no como un abordaje filosófico que dirige las acciones de gobernanza

Conteúdos Gerados pelos Usuários sobre Meios de Hospedagem em Natal/RN: A Acessibilidade no discurso dos viajantes

A partir dos anos 2000, com a criação de novas ferramentas tecnológicas, a comunicação social foi modificada. Nesta tendência, o turismo mudou para uma versão 2.0. Tal adoção deu voz aos turistas, visto que a Internet transmudou-se de uma plataforma publicitária para uma plataforma participativa e interativa, representada por aplicativos, serviços e comunidades virtuais. Neste cenário, os conteúdos gerados pelos usuários (CGU) começaram a receber maior atenção por parte dos gestores turísticos devido à sua influência nas decisões de compra e percepções de qualidade dos viajantes. Estudos quantitativos sobre determinantes, motivação e adoção desses conteúdos são comuns, mas quais temas são abordados nos mesmos? A Acessibilidade em meios de hospedagem, em voga no cenário nacional, compõe o discurso dos usuários? A partir dessas indagações, o presente artigo propôs verificar se (e como) o tema da Acessibilidade em meios de hospedagem de Natal, no Rio Grande do Norte, é retratado nos CGU do TripAdvisor. Para tanto, valeu-se de uma pesquisa exploratório-descritiva com abordagem qualitativa. Os resultados demonstraram que o discurso da Acessibilidade e seus termos correlatos perpassam pelos conteúdos dos CGU e são expressos por meio de críticas, elogios, sugestões e descrições, numa linguagem informal, mas consciente de uma realidade

Management of coronary disease in patients with advanced kidney disease

BACKGROUND Clinical trials that have assessed the effect of revascularization in patients with stable coronary disease have routinely excluded those with advanced chronic kidney disease. METHODS We randomly assigned 777 patients with advanced kidney disease and moderate or severe ischemia on stress testing to be treated with an initial invasive strategy consisting of coronary angiography and revascularization (if appropriate) added to medical therapy or an initial conservative strategy consisting of medical therapy alone and angiography reserved for those in whom medical therapy had failed. The primary outcome was a composite of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction. A key secondary outcome was a composite of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for unstable angina, heart failure, or resuscitated cardiac arrest. RESULTS At a median follow-up of 2.2 years, a primary outcome event had occurred in 123 patients in the invasive-strategy group and in 129 patients in the conservative-strategy group (estimated 3-year event rate, 36.4% vs. 36.7%; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79 to 1.29; P=0.95). Results for the key secondary outcome were similar (38.5% vs. 39.7%; hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.29). The invasive strategy was associated with a higher incidence of stroke than the conservative strategy (hazard ratio, 3.76; 95% CI, 1.52 to 9.32; P=0.004) and with a higher incidence of death or initiation of dialysis (hazard ratio, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.04 to 2.11; P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with stable coronary disease, advanced chronic kidney disease, and moderate or severe ischemia, we did not find evidence that an initial invasive strategy, as compared with an initial conservative strategy, reduced the risk of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction

Health status after invasive or conservative care in coronary and advanced kidney disease

BACKGROUND In the ISCHEMIA-CKD trial, the primary analysis showed no significant difference in the risk of death or myocardial infarction with initial angiography and revascularization plus guideline-based medical therapy (invasive strategy) as compared with guideline-based medical therapy alone (conservative strategy) in participants with stable ischemic heart disease, moderate or severe ischemia, and advanced chronic kidney disease (an estimated glomerular filtration rate of &lt;30 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 or receipt of dialysis). A secondary objective of the trial was to assess angina-related health status. METHODS We assessed health status with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) before randomization and at 1.5, 3, and 6 months and every 6 months thereafter. The primary outcome of this analysis was the SAQ Summary score (ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating less frequent angina and better function and quality of life). Mixed-effects cumulative probability models within a Bayesian framework were used to estimate the treatment effect with the invasive strategy. RESULTS Health status was assessed in 705 of 777 participants. Nearly half the participants (49%) had had no angina during the month before randomization. At 3 months, the estimated mean difference between the invasive-strategy group and the conservative-strategy group in the SAQ Summary score was 2.1 points (95% credible interval, 120.4 to 4.6), a result that favored the invasive strategy. The mean difference in score at 3 months was largest among participants with daily or weekly angina at baseline (10.1 points; 95% credible interval, 0.0 to 19.9), smaller among those with monthly angina at baseline (2.2 points; 95% credible interval, 122.0 to 6.2), and nearly absent among those without angina at baseline (0.6 points; 95% credible interval, 121.9 to 3.3). By 6 months, the between-group difference in the overall trial population was attenuated (0.5 points; 95% credible interval, 122.2 to 3.4). CONCLUSIONS Participants with stable ischemic heart disease, moderate or severe ischemia, and advanced chronic kidney disease did not have substantial or sustained benefits with regard to angina-related health status with an initially invasive strategy as compared with a conservative strategy

Health-status outcomes with invasive or conservative care in coronary disease

BACKGROUND In the ISCHEMIA trial, an invasive strategy with angiographic assessment and revascularization did not reduce clinical events among patients with stable ischemic heart disease and moderate or severe ischemia. A secondary objective of the trial was to assess angina-related health status among these patients. METHODS We assessed angina-related symptoms, function, and quality of life with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) at randomization, at months 1.5, 3, and 6, and every 6 months thereafter in participants who had been randomly assigned to an invasive treatment strategy (2295 participants) or a conservative strategy (2322). Mixed-effects cumulative probability models within a Bayesian framework were used to estimate differences between the treatment groups. The primary outcome of this health-status analysis was the SAQ summary score (scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health status). All analyses were performed in the overall population and according to baseline angina frequency. RESULTS At baseline, 35% of patients reported having no angina in the previous month. SAQ summary scores increased in both treatment groups, with increases at 3, 12, and 36 months that were 4.1 points (95% credible interval, 3.2 to 5.0), 4.2 points (95% credible interval, 3.3 to 5.1), and 2.9 points (95% credible interval, 2.2 to 3.7) higher with the invasive strategy than with the conservative strategy. Differences were larger among participants who had more frequent angina at baseline (8.5 vs. 0.1 points at 3 months and 5.3 vs. 1.2 points at 36 months among participants with daily or weekly angina as compared with no angina). CONCLUSIONS In the overall trial population with moderate or severe ischemia, which included 35% of participants without angina at baseline, patients randomly assigned to the invasive strategy had greater improvement in angina-related health status than those assigned to the conservative strategy. The modest mean differences favoring the invasive strategy in the overall group reflected minimal differences among asymptomatic patients and larger differences among patients who had had angina at baseline

Initial invasive or conservative strategy for stable coronary disease

BACKGROUND Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, whether clinical outcomes are better in those who receive an invasive intervention plus medical therapy than in those who receive medical therapy alone is uncertain. METHODS We randomly assigned 5179 patients with moderate or severe ischemia to an initial invasive strategy (angiography and revascularization when feasible) and medical therapy or to an initial conservative strategy of medical therapy alone and angiography if medical therapy failed. The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for unstable angina, heart failure, or resuscitated cardiac arrest. A key secondary outcome was death from cardiovascular causes or myocardial infarction. RESULTS Over a median of 3.2 years, 318 primary outcome events occurred in the invasive-strategy group and 352 occurred in the conservative-strategy group. At 6 months, the cumulative event rate was 5.3% in the invasive-strategy group and 3.4% in the conservative-strategy group (difference, 1.9 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8 to 3.0); at 5 years, the cumulative event rate was 16.4% and 18.2%, respectively (difference, 121.8 percentage points; 95% CI, 124.7 to 1.0). Results were similar with respect to the key secondary outcome. The incidence of the primary outcome was sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction; a secondary analysis yielded more procedural myocardial infarctions of uncertain clinical importance. There were 145 deaths in the invasive-strategy group and 144 deaths in the conservative-strategy group (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.32). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, we did not find evidence that an initial invasive strategy, as compared with an initial conservative strategy, reduced the risk of ischemic cardiovascular events or death from any cause over a median of 3.2 years. The trial findings were sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction that was used