IMPLIKASI PERKEMBANGAN PERUMAHAN TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI DESA BONGAN, KABUPATEN TABANAN, BALI.

The resulting growth and population density also affects the use of existing space. This is evidenced by the process of land conversion that is so rapid due to urban activity is extended to the edge of the city. Bongan Village is a part of Tabanan District which is located on the strategic urban outskirts, so it has a good appeal to be a residential area or commercial area. With its strategic location it will certainly affect the agricultural land in Bongan Village whose land use conditions are shifting. Therefore, The purpose of this study is to identify the development of agriculture land conversion into non-agricultural land and analyze the socio-economic conditions of the community related to the conversion of agricultural land there. This study uses spatial analysis to calculate the area of land change and describe the socio-economic condition. Based on the results of the identification and tracking of secondary data of agricultural land area recently decreased every year even almost more than 1 Ha of agriculture land converted into residential land, public infrastructure and road infrastructure development. In 2013 the planting area of Bongan Village is 464 Ha while in 2014, 2015 planting area in Bongan Village of 232 Ha so it can be seen the decrease of agricultural land area in Bongan Village

Ancillary Imaging Tests for Confirmation of Brain Death

Brain death is an irreversible termination of functions of the entire brain including brain stem. The American Association of Neurology has defined brain death with three cardinal criteria, namely cessation of the functions of brain including brain stem, coma or unresponsiveness, and apnea. Ancillary testing is done in situations where clinical criteria of brain death cannot be determined by neurological examination or by apnea test. Ancillary tests for determining brain death can be primarily divided into two groups. One group includes tests that can test brain’s electrical functions and the other group includes tests that can document cerebral blood flow in the brain on imaging. In this chapter, we present characteristics of the ideal ancillary test in the diagnosis of brain death and also describe various types of ancillary imaging tests used in the clinical setting for brain death determination and the merits and demerits associated with these techniques

Bone marrow concentrate efficacy in treatment of chronic aseptic nonunion

Background: Bone marrow is a rich source of osteoprogenitor cells that proliferate and differentiate into osteoblasts. Traditionally, autologous iliac bone grafts have been used in treatment of nonunion. This technique has its associated morbidity, which include donor site pain, infection, scarring, and nerve injury. The use of percutaneous bone marrow stem cells (BMSC) avoids these morbidities with comparable clinical results.Methods: We studied twenty patients of aseptic nonunion where bone marrow was aspirated from the anterior iliac crest, concentrated on a cell separator, and then injected into the nonunion site under c-arm guidance. Each nonunion received a relatively same amount of concentrated bone marrow. The volume of callus was calculated by dimensions obtained from RISPACS software in our institution.Results: There was an average of 29,418 mm3 of callus formation with a minimum of 4,455 mm3 and maximum of 68,460. The average time of union was 12 weeks with minimum of 6 weeks and maximum of 24 weeks.Conclusions: The percutaneous bone marrow concentrate injection provides an effective and a safe alternative method for the treatment of a chronic long standing non-union

Outcome following proximal femoral nailing with helical head screw for intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures

Background: Intertrochanteric fractures are seen commonly in two patient groups, older osteopenic patients after a low-energy fall and younger patients involved in high-energy trauma. Early surgical intervention is advocated in the majority of these patients to reduce the complications associated with long-term immobilization.Methods: In this study proximal femoral nailing with helical head screw is used to achieve initial stability and early mobilization of the patients to avoid complications. In 60 patients undergoing proximal femoral nailing with helical head screw for intertrochanteric fractures the results of surgery were meticulously followed.Results: The patients were assed clinically and radiologically for time of union rate of infection stability and implant failure. All fracture in our study unites within 8 months following surgery.Conclusions: Our study concludes that proximal femoral nailing with helical head screw is the best method of treatment for intertrochanteric fracture as it leads to lesser complications

O-GlcNAc modification: why so intimately associated with phosphorylation?

Post-translational modification of proteins at serine and threonine side chains by β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) mediated by the enzyme β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase has been emerging as a fundamental regulatory mechanism encompassing a wide range of proteins involved in cell division, metabolism, transcription and cell signaling. Furthermore, an extensive interplay between O-GlcNAc modification and serine/threonine phosphorylation in a variety of proteins has been reported to exist. However, our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms involved in O-GlcNAc modification and its interplay with serine/threonine phosphorylation in proteins is still elusive. Recent success in the mapping of O-GlcNAc modification sites in proteins as a result of technological advancement in mass spectrometry have revealed two important clues which may be inherently connected to the regulation of O-GlcNAc modification and its interplay with phosphorylation in proteins. First, almost all O-GlcNAc modified proteins are known phospho proteins. Second, the prevalence of tyrosine phosphorylation among O-GlcNAc modified proteins is exceptionally higher (~68%) than its normal occurrence (~2%) alone. We hypothesize that phosphorylation may be a requisite for O-GlcNAc modification and tyrosine phosphorylation plays a role in the interplay between O-GlcNAc modification and serine/threonine phosphorylation in proteins. In other words, the interplay between O-GlcNAc modification and phosphorylation is not limited to serine/threonine phosphorylation but also includes tyrosine phosphorylation. Our hypothesis provides an opportunity to understand the underlying mechanism involved in O-GlcNAc modification and its interplay with serine/threonine phosphorylation in proteins. Furthermore, implication of our hypothesis extends to tyrosine kinase signaling

Screening of Bioactive Compounds against Nonreceptor Fyn Kinase: Virtual Screening and Network Approach

Tyrosine phosphorylation is a key controlling mechanism in signal transduction and enzyme activity regulation. Dysfunction of Fyn kinase, a unique member of non-receptor Src kinase family is implicated in oncogenesis, T-cell mediated diseases and neuronal disorders. Fyn kinase has been recognized as an important target for anti-cancer therapeutics. An insilico virtual screening of open and closed states of Fyn with seventy phytochemicals used in cancer treatment was carried out.  Molecular properties and bioactive spectrum analysis further improved the screening process by forming a data set containing seven potential hits. Ligand efficiency score which combines biological and chemical space together identified three secondary metabolites apigenin, genistein and quercetin as efficient inhibitors of Fyn kinase.  A reverse virtual screening approach validated the target selection by identifying Src kinase family members as potential drug targets. Drug-target interaction network based on feature scores of 22 phytochemicals which survived the initial screening process further validated our findings.  A conceptual optimization may be required to reduce attrition and increase the activity of the lead

Performance of Aqueous Two Phase System for the Extraction of Lipase from Rice Bran

ABSTRACT Lipases are ubiquitous enzymes of considerable physiological significance and industrial potential. Lipase catalyzes the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols to glycerol and fatty acids at oil-water interface. This investigation is focused on the extraction of lipase from rice bran using aqueous two phase system. Polymer-Salt Aqueous two phase system was evaluated in rice bran source at varying concentration of PEG 6000 and resulted in attaining a maximum enzyme concentration at 60% PEG. Higher enzyme activity was obtained pH 7.The performance of the aqueous two phase system was investigated through partition coefficient and obtained a maximum value of 1.44 was achieved at 60% PEG concentratio

Phytomass-Derived Multifunctional Activated Carbon as a “Wonder-Material”: A Paradigm Shift of Filth-to-Wealth

Activated carbon (AC) is a wonder-material that finds multifarious applications such as catalytic supports, removal of pollutants, electrodes in energy gadgets, gas storage etc. Surface area, chemical constituents and pore structures are a few traits required in the ACs which largely depend on the source of the precursors and processing methodologies adopted. In this context, the idea of recycling phytomass for producing ACs has attracted researchers seeing that the inexpensive and renewable nature of the phytomass can reduce the overall cost of producing ACs with diversified features and that it does not add CO2 to the atmosphere leading to global warming (plants release only the same amount of CO2 as they consumed while growing). Further, phytomass after their life possess no value but their conversion into ACs would be an economically profitable option leading to inexpensive ACs. As a consequent of these advantages this chapter has been planned and designed to provide certain interesting multifunctional aspects of low-cost phytomass derived ACs. The chapter is expected to provide research insights oriented towards identification of unexplored phytomass or wastes which could lead to carbon with novel properties tunable to the applications. Filth-to-wealth or in other words, recycling of wastes provides a strategy categorized under circular-bioeconomy, which is the want of the hour

KOMPARASI PERMUKIMAN DESA ADAT TENGANAN PEGRINGSINGAN DENGAN DESA ADAT TENGANAN DAUH TUKAD DI KARANGASEM BALI

This study aims to compare the pattern of residential space and the characteristics of traditional yard pattern in Tenganan Pegringsingan village with Tenganan Dauh Tukad village This research is important to do to make a contribution in the field of regional and urban planning, especially in understanding the comparison of settlement patterns in traditional Balinese traditional villages. The research method used in this thesis is a deskriftif comparative research method. Comparative research method is research that compares two or more symptoms, where in studying it requires primary data or field research as well as secondary data or library materials. The results showed that the Tenganan Pegringsingan Traditional Village and the Tenganan Dauh Tukad Traditional Village have relatively similar settlement space patterns and yard pattern characteristics, there is only a slight difference, one of which is the concept of hulu teben. The concept of hulu teben Traditional Village of Tenganan Pegringsingan is oriented towards the north and the south, where the north is considered a sacred zone while the south is considered a dirty zone. The concept of hulu teben Traditional Village of Tenganan Dauh Tukad is oriented towards the east and the west, where the eastern part is considered a sacred zone while the western part is considered a dirty zone

LIGHT PATTERN, THE LABYRINTH OF MASSIVE SPACE

This study aims to find and demonstrate the "intermingle art project Light Pattern" based on fine art performances to answer the lack of contemporary research-based on performance art. The problem formulated in this creation is what kind of psychological situation and conditions of the intermingle form between drawing on novels and artists. The ideas or praxis concepts are expressed from intermingle drawing on novels. The form of presentation of this intermingle art project to certain public spaces. The theory used in this study is significant form, aesthetic relational and presentation theory, these theories are very supportive in the research. Data collection through participatory observation, interviews, and literature studies. An interactive analysis model is used in presenting data and presenting the results of the analysis informally and formally. The results of the study showed that each artist create a different perspective in accordance with the field of art in which he was engaged. Various forms of art emerge: visual, verbal, sound, and kinesthetic contemporary art. Presented with the shuttle layers in the form of art. Keywords: Light Pattern, Performing Visual Arts, Intermingle