Learning from cross country difference of female work participation in agriculture in the Eastern Gangetic Basin: The macro and micro connections

Presented by Sucharita Sen (JNU), as part of the Annual Scientific Conference hosted by the University of Canberra and co-sponsored by the University of Canberra, the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) and CGIAR Collaborative Platform for Gender Research, Canberra, Australia, April 2-4, 2019

SAWA (South Asian Water) fellowship : final technical report

The report presents the achievements, outputs, outcomes, impact, key challenges and lessons learnt from the four-year project. The aim was to create a new generation of ‘inter-disciplinary water professionals’ in South Asia, trained to deal with issues of climate change, water and food insecurity, and adaption by awarding IDRC South Asian Water (SAWA) Fellowships. Thematic areas were: Climate change and Food security; Climate change and water security; Climate change and livelihood adaptation. To support the students’ research, training was provided in research concepts and methodologies, with regular monitoring of research progress, and review of the final research work by experts from South Asia

Flavonol Glycosides from Calotropis Gigantea

Besides isolation and characterization of isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin-3-0-glucopyranoside and taraxasteryl acetate, a new flavonol trisaccharide was isolated from the aerial parts of Calotropis giganteq and its structure was established as isorhamnetin-3-0-[2-O-~-D-galactopyranosy1-6-O-~-L-rhamnopyranosyl]-~-Dglucopyranoside by a combination of fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopy, ‘H and “C NMR spectra and some chemical degradations

Tobacco smoking modifies association between Gln-Arg 192 polymorphism of human paraoxonase gene and risk of myorcardial infarction

Artículo científico -- Universidad de Costa Rica, Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud. 2000. Este documento es privado debido a limitaciones de derechos de autor.Paraoxonase, a high density lipoprotein—associated human serum enzyme, plays a role in atherosclerosis by protecting against lipid peroxidation. Its activity is modulated by 2 common amino acid polymorphisms at positions 192 (Gln—'Arg) and 55 (Met—>Leu) in the paraoxonase gene (PON!). We studied the association of PON1 polymorphisms and myocardial infarction (MI) in a population-based study consisting of 492 cases and 518 controls matched for age, sex, and area of residence, all living in Costa Rica. The allele frequency of PON/192A, was higher in cases (0.27) than in controls (0.24, P=0.008), whereas that of PON/55L,„ was identical (0.26). Compared with PON/192Gh.fr0i6, the PON1 mks allele was associated with an increased risk of MI (odds ratio [OR] 1.36, CI 1.06 to 1.75), and this association was independent of the PON155 polymorphism, which was not associated with MI (OR 1.10, CI 0.82 to 1.48). Adjustment for lipid and nonlipid risk factors strengthened the association between PON/ inug and the risk of MI (OR 1.51, CI 1.13 to 2.03). Interestingly, this association was evident only among nonsmokers (OR 1.90, CI 1.29 to 2.79): there was no evidence of an association in smokers (OR 0.95, CI 0.57 to 1.79). The interaction between PON1192 and smoking status was statistically significant (P=0.04). Thus, the PONlm but not the PON/55 gene polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of MI. This association is not evident among smokersUniversidad de Costa Rica, Instituto de Investigaciones en SaludUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias de la Salud::Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud (INISA

Climates of urbanization: local experiences of water security, conflict and cooperation in peri-urban South-Asia

This article explores changing water (in)securities in a context of urbanization and climate change in the peri-urban spaces of four South-Asian cities: Khulna (Bangladesh), Gurugram and Hyderabad (India), and Kathmandu (Nepal). As awareness of water challenges like intensifying use, deteriorating quality and climate change is growing, water security gets more scientific and policy attention. However, in peri-urban areas, the dynamic zones between the urban and the rural, it remains under-researched, despite the specific characteristics of these spaces: intensifying flows of goods, resources, people, and technologies; diversifying uses of, and growing pressures on land and water; and complex and often contradictory governance and jurisdictional institutions. This article analyses local experiences of water (in-)security, conflict and cooperation in relation to existing policies. It uses insights from the analysis of the case studies as a point of departure for a critical reflection on whether a ‘community resilience’ discourse contributes to better understanding these cases of water insecurity and conflict, and to better policy solutions. The authors argue that a community resilience focus risks neglecting important insights about how peri-urban water insecurity problems are experienced by peri-urban populations and produced or reproduced in specific socio-economic, political and policy contexts. Unless supported by in-depth hydro-social research, such a focus may depoliticize basically political questions of water (re) allocation, prioritization, and access for marginalized groups. Therefore, the authors plead for more critical awareness among researchers and policy-makers of the consequences of using a ‘community resilience’ discourse for making sense of peri-urban water (in-)security. Key policy insights There is an urgent need for more (critical) policy and scientific attention to peri-urban water insecurity, conflict, and climate change. Although a changing climate will likely play a role, more attention is needed to how water insecurities and vulnerabilities in South Asia are socially produced. Researchers and policy-makers should avoid using depoliticized (community) resilience approaches for basically socio-political problems.</p