Nef line bundles which are not ample

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Principal bundles on the projective line

We classify principal G-bundles on the projective line over an arbitrary field k of characteristic ≠ 2 or 3, where G is a reductive group. If such a bundle is trivial at a k-rational point, then the structure group can be reduced to a maximal torus

A Perturbed Self-organizing Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm to solve Multiobjective TSP

Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a very important NP-Hard problem getting focused more on these days. Having improvement on TSP, right now consider the multi-objective TSP (MOTSP), broadened occurrence of travelling salesman problem. Since TSP is NP-hard issue MOTSP is additionally a NP-hard issue. There are a lot of algorithms and methods to solve the MOTSP among which Multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition is appropriate to solve it nowadays. This work presents a new algorithm which combines the Data Perturbation, Self-Organizing Map (SOM) and MOEA/D to solve the problem of MOTSP, named Perturbed Self-Organizing multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm (P-SMEA). In P-SMEA Self-Organizing Map (SOM) is used extract neighborhood relationship information and with MOEA/D subproblems are generated and solved simultaneously to obtain the optimal solution. Data Perturbation is applied to avoid the local optima. So by using the P-SMEA, MOTSP can be handled efficiently. The experimental results show that P-SMEA outperforms MOEA/D and SMEA on a set of test instances

Maternal Clinical Diagnoses and Hospital Variation in the Risk of Cesarean Delivery: Analyses of a National US Hospital Discharge Database

Background: Cesarean delivery is the most common inpatient surgery in the United States, where 1.3 million cesarean sections occur annually, and rates vary widely by hospital. Identifying sources of variation in cesarean use is crucial to improving the consistency and quality of obstetric care. We used hospital discharge records to examine the extent to which variability in the likelihood of cesarean section across US hospitals was attributable to individual women's clinical diagnoses. Methods and Findings: Using data from the 2009 and 2010 Nationwide Inpatient Sample from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project—a 20% sample of US hospitals—we analyzed data for 1,475,457 births in 1,373 hospitals. We fitted multilevel logistic regression models (patients nested in hospitals). The outcome was cesarean (versus vaginal) delivery. Covariates included diagnosis of diabetes in pregnancy, hypertension in pregnancy, hemorrhage during pregnancy or placental complications, fetal distress, and fetal disproportion or obstructed labor; maternal age, race/ethnicity, and insurance status; and hospital size and location/teaching status. The cesarean section prevalence was 22.0% (95% confidence interval 22.0% to 22.1%) among women with no prior cesareans. In unadjusted models, the between-hospital variation in the individual risk of primary cesarean section was 0.14 (95% credible interval 0.12 to 0.15). The difference in the probability of having a cesarean delivery between hospitals was 25 percentage points. Hospital variability did not decrease after adjusting for patient diagnoses, socio-demographics, and hospital characteristics (0.16 [95% credible interval 0.14 to 0.18]). A limitation is that these data, while nationally representative, did not contain information on parity or gestational age. Conclusions: Variability across hospitals in the individual risk of cesarean section is not decreased by accounting for differences in maternal diagnoses. These findings highlight the need for more comprehensive or linked data including parity and gestational age as well as examination of other factors—such as hospital policies, practices, and culture—in determining cesarean section use. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summar

Effect of lateral crushing on tensile property of bamboo, modal and tencel fibres

The effect of lateral crushing on the tensile properties of bamboo, modal and tencel fibres has been investigated. A fibre crushing apparatus has been used for the purpose of lateral crushing of fibres. The influence of transverse compression on the axial mechanical properties of these fibres has been analysed. The study reveals that modal fibre sustained a higher loss in tensile properties compared to bamboo and tencel. The general phenomenon obtained from the study is that the percentage loss of strength and breaking extension varies from one fibre to another based on the fibre type and morphology

Hypoglycemic Effect of Macrocyclic Binuclear Oxovanadium (IV) Complex on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Though vanadium complexes mimic the action of insulin, owing to their toxicity, research is still in progress for a new vanadium complex with maximum efficacy at low concentration and without any side effects. A novel macrocyclic binuclear oxovanadium complex was synthesized, its composition and structure were confirmed by spectral studies and its efficacy was studied in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats over a period of 30 days. The oral administration of the complex normalizes the blood glucose level in the diabetic rats and also maintains normoglycemia after a glucose load. The biochemical studies revealed that the complex is not toxic to the system. The nontoxic nature of this complex may be due to the presence of the vanadyl ions in an intact form. The study highlights the nontoxic and hypoglycemic effects of the new macrocyclic binuclear oxovanadium complex

Discrete calculus methods for diffusion,”

Abstract A general methodology for the solution of partial differential equations is described in which the discretization of the calculus is exact and all approximation occurs as an interpolation problem on the material constitutive equations. The fact that the calculus is exact gives these methods the ability to capture the physics of PDE systems well. The construction of both node and cell based methods of first and second-order are described for the problem of unsteady heat conductionthough the method is applicable to any PDE system. The performance of these new methods are compared to classic solution methods on unstructured 2D and 3D meshes for a variety of simple and complex test cases

Prevalence of menstrual morbidity in adolescents girls: a cross sectional study

Background: Menstruation is said to be a physiological process in women. The word ‘menstruation’ was derived from a Latin word ‘menses’. Menstrual dysfunction was found to affect 75% of adolescent girls which includes dysmenorrhoea, menorrhagia and irregular cycles. Premenstrual syndrome constitutes a group of physical and emotional symptoms which occurs one week before menstrual cycle. It was found to be a cycle disorder which appears in the luteal phase. Adolescent girls are at high risk of developing premenstrual syndrome. Because of menstrual dysfunction and premenstrual syndrome, the adolescent girls are at high risk of menstrual morbidity.Methods: After getting approval from institutional ethical committee of Madras Medical College, the study was carried out in adolescent girls. The study was carried out by giving questionnaire in nearly 505 students for the duration of 6 months. The study participants were explained about the study. The questionnaire was structured so as to obtain information regarding the age at menarche, duration of cycle, awareness about menstruation, source of information regarding menstruation, practices during menstrual cycles, regarding menstrual problems and treatment practices.Results: The average age of participants was 17 years with an SD of 1.5. of 505 participants, about 6% had 45 days frequency, 10% had 38 days frequency and 2% had 60 days frequency of menstrual cycle. It was found around 1% had 8 days duration and 3% had 9 days duration of menstrual cycle. About 13% of Participants had mild flow, 7% had severe flow and 20% had variable quantity of menstrual flow.Conclusions: From this study, it was found that menstrual dysfunction were prevalent among adolescent girls. These were found to cause menstrual morbidity among adolescent girls. Hence it is necessary to educate and create awareness about menstrual morbidity among adolescent girls.

A Comprehensive Survey of Deep Learning: Advancements, Applications, and Challenges

Artificial intelligence's "deep learning" discipline has taken off, revolutionizing a variety of industries, from computer vision and natural language processing to healthcare and finance. Deep learning has shown extraordinary effectiveness in resolving complicated issues, and it has a wide range of potential applications, from autonomous vehicles to healthcare. The purpose of the survey to study deep learning's present condition, including recent advancements, difficulties, and constraints since the subject is currently fast growing. The basic ideas of deep learning, such as neural networks, activation functions, and optimization algorithms, are first introduced. We next explore numerous topologies, emphasizing their distinct properties and uses, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and generative adversarial networks (GANs). Further concepts, applications, and difficulties of deep learning are all covered in this survey paper's thorough review. This survey aid the academics, professionals, and individuals who want to learn more about deep learning and explore its applications to challenging situations in the real world

Preparation and some reactions of ω-chloro derivatives from aleuritic acid and related compounds

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