20 research outputs found
A szorongás, a depresszió, az önértékelés és a társadalmi tőke összefüggései a várandósok egészségmagatartásával = Associations of trait anxiety, depression, self-esteem and social capital with health behaviour in early pregnancy
Elméleti háttér:
A várandĂłsság alatti depressziĂł Ă©s szorongás magzatra gyakorolt negatĂv hatását több kutatás látszik igazolni, mĂg mások nem találtak ilyen irányĂş összefĂĽggĂ©seket. Az antenatális depressziĂł Ă©s szorongás rĂ©szben a fiziolĂłgiai, endokrinolĂłgiai változásokon, rĂ©szben az anyai egĂ©szsĂ©gmagatartáson keresztĂĽl hathat a magzatra.
CĂ©l:
Vizsgálatunk célja a szorongás, a depresszió, az önértékelés és a társadalmi tőke várandósok egészségmagatartására gyakorolt hatásának feltárása volt. Az egészségmagatartás elemeit a várandósságra történő felkészülés, a dohányzás, az alkoholfogyasztás, valamint a folsav- és vitaminbevitel alkották. Hipotézisünk az volt, hogy a szorongás és a depresszió, valamint a csökkent önértékelés romló egészségmagatartással jár együtt.
MĂłdszerek:
Szombathely város tĂz vĂ©dĹ‘nĹ‘i körzetĂ©ben populáciĂłs monitoringot hoztunk lĂ©tre, ahol 2008. 02. 01. Ă©s 2009. 02. 01. között minden terhessĂ©gi nyilvántartásba kerĂĽlĹ‘ nĹ‘rĹ‘l rendszeres adatgyűjtĂ©st vĂ©geztĂĽnk. 307 várandĂłs kĂ©pezte mintánkat, melyben a depressziĂłt a RövidĂtett Beck DepressziĂł KĂ©rdĹ‘Ăvvel, a szorongást a Spielberger-fĂ©le Vonásszorongás KĂ©rdĹ‘Ăvvel, az önĂ©rtĂ©kelĂ©st a Rosenberg-skálával mĂ©rtĂĽk. A társadalmi tĹ‘kĂ©t a közössĂ©gi bizalom hiánya, a kölcsönössĂ©g Ă©s a civil támogatottság 0-tĂłl 3-ig terjedĹ‘ skáláin mĂ©rtĂĽk. Ă–sszefĂĽggĂ©seinket logisztikus regressziĂł segĂtsĂ©gĂ©vel tártuk fel.
Eredmények:
A magasabb szintű vonásszorongással jellemezhetĹ‘ válaszadĂłk kisebb esĂ©llyel kĂ©szĂĽltek a várandĂłsságukra (EH = 0,955; 95%MT = 0,923—0,988) Ă©s szedtek vitaminokat (EH = 0,954; 95%MT = 0,922—0,987); a több depresszĂv tĂĽnetet mutatĂłk pedig nagyobb esĂ©llyel dohányoztak (EH = 1,106; 95%MT = 1,060—1,154). A társadalmi bizalom hiánya kisebb esĂ©lyű folsavbevitellel (EH = 0,648; 95%MT = 0,485—0,867) járt egyĂĽtt; továbbá a magasabb önĂ©rtĂ©kelĂ©sűek kisebb- (EH = 0,943; 95%MT = 0,892—0,997), a nagyobb társas támogatottságĂşak nagyobb esĂ©llyel (EH = 1,571; 95%MT = 1,144—2,156) fogyasztottak alkoholt.
Következtetések:
Vizsgálatunkban a szorongás, a depressziĂł, az alacsony önĂ©rtĂ©kelĂ©s Ă©s a csökkent társadalmi tĹ‘ke negatĂv egĂ©szsĂ©gmagatartási tendenciákkal járt egyĂĽtt.
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Background:
The negative effects of antenatal depression and anxiety on neonatal outcomes seem to be proven by several authors; however, others did not reveal similar associations. Antenatal depression and anxiety may act on foetal development through physiological or endocrine changes and maternal health behaviour.
Aim:
The aim of the present research was to explore the association of antenatal trait anxiety, depression, self-esteem, social capital, and health-behaviour among Hungarian pregnant women. Higher levels of trait anxiety and depression, and lower levels of self-esteem were hypothesized to be associated negatively with health-conscious behaviour.
Methods:
We have established a population-based monitoring system in 10 districts of health visitors in Szombathely. The system covered every woman who was registered as pregnant between 1st February 2008 and 1st February 2009. Three hundred and seven expectant women in the early stage of their pregnancy were surveyed using the Short Form of Beck Depression Inventory, which enabled the measurement of depressive symptomatology, whereas the Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory was used for the measurement of anxiety and Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale for self-esteem. Social capital was measured by lack of social trust, reciprocity between citizens, and help received from civil organizations on a 0 to 3 scale. Associations were established by multivariate binary logistic regression.
Results:
Higher levels of trait-anxiety corresponded with less preparation for pregnancy (OR = 0.955; 95%CI = 0.923—0.988) and vitamin-intake significantly (OR = 0.954; 95%CI = 0.922—0.987), while higher level of depression was positively associated with smoking (OR = 1.106; 95%CI = 1.060—1.154). Those, who were distrustful of other people, had a lower chance for folate-supplementation (OR = 0.648; 95%CI = 0.485—0.867). Those with higher levels of self-esteem tended to consume less alcohol (OR = 0.943; 95%CI = 0.892—0.997), while those who received higher levels of civil support tended to consume more (OR = 1.571; 95%CI = 1.144—2.156).
Conclusions:
Trait anxiety, depression, self-esteem and social capital were associated negatively with health-conscious behaviour
Predictors of Routine Medical Care Use among Mexican Immigrants/Mexican-Americans Varying in Legal Status
Background: Immigration has been the focus of intense political debate, with a recurrent theme being the use of public services, including healthcare. Although Latinos are the largest and fastest growing ethnic group in the United States (U.S.), evidence suggests they underutilize healthcare, with Mexican Immigrants and Mexican Americans (MI-MA) living on the U.S.-Mexico border exhibiting the greatest disparities. Objective: This study explored the association of predisposing, enabling and need characteristics, including legal status, with the use of routine medical care (RMC) among 387 MI-MA living on the California-Mexico border. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data collected in 2009 for the San Diego Prevention Research Center (SDPRC) community survey; data analyses were completed in Summer 2012. This study involved multistage sampling and recruitment of Latino adults in 200 census blocks near the California-Mexico border to complete an interview and height and weight measurements. Sequential logistic regressions assessed the relative contribution of predisposing, enabling and need factors to the use of RMC. Results: Predisposing and enabling factors (gender, undocumented status, cost) distinguished between respondents with recent (<1 year) versus limited (≥ 5 years including never) use of RMC, whereas enabling and need factors (insurance, dispositional trust, presence of a chronic illness) adequately differentiated between those with recent versus delayed (≥1 year, but <5 years) use. Undocumented status distinguished between those with delayed versus limited use of RMC. Conclusions: Consideration of different factors, including financial difficulties and legal status, is necessary for promoting use of RMC among MI-MA living in this border region.Contexte : L'immigration est au cĹ“ur de dĂ©bats politiques intenses, dont l'un des thèmes rĂ©currents est l'utilisation des services publics, et notamment des soins de santĂ©. Bien que les Latinos constituent le groupe ethnique le plus important et connaissant la croissance la plus rapide des Etats-Unis, les donnĂ©es semblent indiquer qu'ils sous-utilisent les services de santĂ©, les immigrĂ©s mexicains et les AmĂ©ricano-Mexicains (IM-AM) vivant Ă la frontière amĂ©ricano-mexicaine affichant les plus fortes disparitĂ©s. Objectif : Cette Ă©tude a explorĂ© les liens entre les facteurs prĂ©disposants, favorables et de nĂ©cessitĂ©, dont le statut juridique, et l'utilisation des soins mĂ©dicaux courants (SMC) chez 387 IM-AM vivant Ă la frontière entre la Californie et le Mexique. MĂ©thodes : Cette Ă©tude transversale s'est fondĂ©e sur les donnĂ©es recueillies en 2009 dans le cadre de l'enquĂŞte communautaire du San Diego Prevention Research Center (SDPRC), dont l'analyse s'est achevĂ©e Ă l'Ă©tĂ© 2012. Cette Ă©tude prĂ©voyait un Ă©chantillonnage Ă plusieurs degrĂ©s et le recrutement d'adultes latinos dans 200 Ă®lots de recensement situĂ©s Ă proximitĂ© de la frontière entre la Californie et le Mexique, afin de les interroger et de relever des mesures de taille et de poids. Des modèles de rĂ©gression logistique sĂ©quentielle ont permis d’évaluer la contribution relative des facteurs prĂ©disposants, favorables et de nĂ©cessitĂ© Ă l'utilisation des SMC.  RĂ©sultats : Les facteurs prĂ©disposants et favorables (sexe, statut non documentĂ©, coĂ»t) faisaient la diffĂ©rence entre les rĂ©pondants ayant rĂ©cemment (<1 an) ou peu (≥ 5 ans ou jamais) eu recours aux SMC, tandis que les facteurs favorables et de nĂ©cessitĂ© (assurance, prĂ©disposition Ă faire confiance, prĂ©sence de maladie chronique) distinguaient convenablement ceux qui avaient rĂ©cemment eu recours aux SMC de ceux qui y avaient eu recours tardivement (≥1 an, mais <5 ans). Le statut non documentĂ© faisait la diffĂ©rence entre ceux qui avaient tardivement ou peu eu recours aux SMC. Conclusions : La prise en compte des diffĂ©rents facteurs, y compris des difficultĂ©s financières et du statut lĂ©gal, est nĂ©cessaire pour encourager l'utilisation des SMC chez les IM-AM vivant dans cette rĂ©gion frontalière.Antecedentes: La inmigraciĂłn es objeto de un intenso debate polĂtico en el que uno de los temas recurrentes es el uso de los servicios pĂşblicos, entre ellos la atenciĂłn sanitaria. Aunque los latinos constituyen el grupo Ă©tnico más numeroso y de más rápido crecimiento en Estados Unidos, las pruebas indican que no utilizan lo suficiente las instituciones de asistencia sanitaria. Son los inmigrantes mexicanos y los estadounidenses de origen mexicano que viven en la frontera entre Estados Unidos y MĂ©xico los que mayores disparidades muestran al respecto.  Objetivo: Este estudio analizĂł la asociaciĂłn existente entre las caracterĂsticas de los predisponentes, facilitadores y factores de necesidad, como el estado legal, y el uso de la asistencia mĂ©dica rutinaria entre 387 estadounidenses de origen mexicano residentes en la frontera de California con MĂ©xico. MĂ©todos: Este estudio transversal utilizĂł los datos recopilados en 2009 para un estudio comunitario del Centro de InvestigaciĂłn para la PrevenciĂłn en San Diego (SDPRC), y el análisis de los datos se llevĂł a cabo en verano de 2012. Se realizaron muestreos en diferentes fases y se reclutaron adultos latinos en bloques censales de 200 cerca de la frontera mexicana con California para completar una entrevista y realizar mediciones de peso y altura. Las regresiones logĂsticas secuenciales evaluaron la contribuciĂłn relativa de los predisponentes, facilitadotes y factores de necesidad al uso de la atenciĂłn mĂ©dica rutinaria.  Resultados: Los predisponentes y facilitadores (gĂ©nero, situaciĂłn ilegal o “sin papeles”, coste) variaron entre los participantes entre un uso reciente (<1 año) o limitado (≥ 5 años, o nunca) de la atenciĂłn mĂ©dica rutinaria, mientras que los facilitadotes y factores de necesidad (seguro, confianza, presencia de enfermedad crĂłnica) se diferenciaron de forma adecuada entre un uso reciente o retardado (≥1 año, pero <5 años). El estado de indocumentado se diferenciĂł igualmente entre un uso retardado o limitado de la asistencia mĂ©dica rutinaria. Conclusiones: Es necesario tener en cuenta factores diversos, como las dificultades econĂłmicas y la situaciĂłn jurĂdica, para promover el uso de la asistencia mĂ©dica rutinaria entre los estadounidenses de origen mexicano que residen en esta regiĂłn fronteriza
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