Dual career motivation and athletic identity on elite athletes

The aim of this study was to analyze if the athletic identity and the dual career motivation depends on the type of sport and the gender. The sample consisted of 63 elite athletes (21.8 ± 3.2 years old). They were all studying higher education studies. Thirty-six were women (21.4 ± 2.9 years old) and twenty-seven men (22.4 ± 3.5 years old). Thirty-one were from individual sports and thirty-two from team sports. The Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS; Brewer et al., 1993) and the Student Athlete's Motivation toward Sports and Academics Questionnaire Italian version (SAMSAQ-IT; Lupo et al., 2012) were applied. The athletes of individual sports (23.78 ± 8.83 hours) trained more hours per week (23.78 ± 8.83 hours) than the team sport athletes (12.9 ± 4.67 hours) (F1,59= 34.73; p< .001; η2= 0.371). Men had a stronger athletic identity than women (F1,51= 4,27; p= .044; η2= .077). A multivariate effect was found at the SAMSAQ-IT depending on the type of sport (F3,43= 3.98; p= .014). The athletes of individual sports achieved higher values than the athletes of team sports (F1,45= 11.72; p= .001; η2= 0.207 for SAM; F1,45= 7.75; p= .008; η2= 0.147 for AM and F1,45= 5.20; p= .027; η2= .104 for CAM). The difficulties observed on women and athletes of individual sports could not be attributed neither to a low academic motivation nor a strong athletic identity.El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la identidad deportiva y la motivación hacia los estudios y el deporte en función del género y del tipo de deporte. Participaron 63 deportistas de élite en activo (21.8 ± 3.2 años) que cursaban estudios superiores, 36 mujeres (21.4 ± 2.9 años) y 27 hombres (22.4 ± 3.5años), 31 pertenecían a deportes individuales y 32 colectivos. Se aplicaron los cuestionarios Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS; Brewer et al., 1993) y Student Athlete's Motivation toward Sports and Academics Questionnaire Italian Version (SAMSAQ-IT; Lupo et al., 2012). Los deportistas de deportes individuales tenían una mayor carga de entrenamiento que los deportistas de deportes colectivos (F1,59= 34.73; p< .001; η2= .371). Los hombres presentaron una identidad deportiva más elevada que las mujeres (F1,51= 4,27; p= .044; η2= .077 ). Para el SAMSAQ-IT, hubo efecto multivariado del tipo de deporte (F3,43= 3.98; p= .014). Las puntuaciones fueron más altas en los deportistas de deportes individuales que en los de deportes colectivos (F1,45= 11.72; p= .001; η2= .207 para MD; F1,45= 7.75; p= .008; η2= .147 para MA y F1,45= 5.20; p= .027; η2= .104 para MCD). La mayor dificultad observada con los estudios en los deportistas de deportes individuales y en las mujeres, no puede ser atribuida ni a una menor motivación académica ni a una mayor identidad deportiva

Eficacia en la aplicación de las medidas de formación para los deportistas de alto nivel en el territorio español

Academic training and planning are fundamental in ensuring the integration of elite athletes into the labour market. The main goal of this study was to analyse the extent to which academic measures are applied by the system's different stakeholders. When the information process was analysed, certain shortcomings were noted. Most calls by athletes were for the dates of exams to be changed due to their coincidence with an official competition, as confirmed by requests to all bodies. The period from 20 to 30 years of age is critical in academic terms and a fully comprehensive service should be ensured for these top athletes in order to provide ongoing guidance.La formación académica y la planificación son fundamentales para una exitosa inserción laboral de los atletas de élite. El objetivo de este estudio fue detectar el nivel de aplicación de las medidas de formación por los diferentes agentes que participan en el sistema. Al analizar el proceso de información se apreciaron ciertas carencias en el mismo. El cambio de fechas de exámenes con motivo de competiciones/concentraciones oficiales fue el aspecto más demandado por los diferentes deportistas. Dado que el periodo de los 20 a los 30 años es crítico para la formación, sería necesario aportar un servicio de cobertura total para la población de deportistas de Alto Nivel, con el fin de dar un asesoramiento permanente y trazar una línea continua desde la vida deportiva a la vida laboral en los deportistas.A formação académica e a planificação são fundamentais para uma bem sucedida inserção laboral dos atletas de elite. O objectivo deste estudo foi detectar o nível de aplicação de medidas de formação pelos diferentes agentes desportivos que participam no sistema. Ao analisar o processo de informação foram identificadas algumas carências no mesmo. A mudança das datas dos exames por motivos de competições/concentrações oficiais foi o aspecto mais pedido pelos diferentes desportistas. Dado que o período dos 20 aos 30 anos é crítico para a formação, seria necessário adicionar um serviço de cobertura total para a população de desportistas de Alto Rendimento, com o objectivo de assessorar permanentemente e traçar uma linha contínua desde a vida desportiva à vida laboral dos desportistas

Training-induced changes in drag-flick technique in female field hockey players

The penalty corner is one of the most important goal plays in field hockey. The drag-flick is used less by women than men in a penalty corner. The aim of this study was to describe training-induced changes in the drag-flick technique in female field hockey players. Four female players participated in the study. The VICON optoelectronic system (Oxford Metrics, Oxford, UK) measured the kinematic parameters of the drag-flick with six cameras sampling at 250 Hz, prior to and after training. Fifteen shots were captured for each subject. A Wilcoxon test assessed the differences between pre-training and post-training parameters. Two players received specific training twice a week for 8 weeks; the other two players did not train. The proposed drills improved the position of the stick at the beginning of the shot (p<0.05), the total distance of the shot (p<0.05)and the rotation radius at ball release (p<0.01). It was noted that all players had lost speed of the previous run. Further studies should include a larger sample, in order to provide more information on field hockey performance

Kinematic pattern of the drag-flick: a case study

The drag-flick is more efficient than hits or pushes when a penalty corner situation is in effect in field hockey. Previous research has studied the biomechanical pattern of the drag-flick, trying to find the cues for an optimal performance. On the other hand, some other studies have examined the most effective visual pick-up of relevant information in shots and goalkeeper anticipation. The aim of this study was to analyse the individual differences in the drag-flick pattern in order to provide relevant information for goalkeepers. One female skilled drag-flicker participated in the study. A VICON optoelectronic sy stem (Oxford Metrics, Oxford, UK) was used to capture the drag-flicks with six cameras. The results showed that the main significant differences between right and left shots (p<0.05) in the stick angles, stick minimum angular velocity and front foot-ball distance were when the front foot heel contacted the floor(T1) and at the minimum velocity of the stick, before the dragging action (T3). The findings showed that the most relevant information might be picked up at the ball-and-stick location before the dragging action

Irida-β-ketoimines derived from Hydrazines to Afford Metallapyrazoles or N-N Bond Cleavage: A Missing Metallacycle Disclosed by a Theoretical and Experimental Study

Unprecedented metallapyrazoles [IrH2{Ph2P(o-C6H4)CNNHC(o-C6H4)PPh2}] (3) and [IrHCl{Ph2P(o-C6H4)CNNHC(o-C6H4)PPh2}] (4) were obtained by the reaction of the irida-β-ketoimine [IrHCl{(PPh2(o-C6H4CO))(PPh2(o-C6H4CNNH2))H}] (2) in MeOH heated at reflux in the presence and absence of KOH, respectively. In solution, iridapyrazole 3 undergoes a dynamic process due to prototropic tautomerism with an experimental barrier for the exchange of ΔGcoal⧧ = 53.7 kJ mol–1. DFT calculations agreed with an intrapyrazole proton transfer process assisted by two water molecules (ΔG = 63.1 kJ mol–1). An X-ray diffraction study on 4 indicated electron delocalization in the iridapyrazole ring. The reaction of the irida-β-diketone [IrHCl{(PPh2(o-C6H4CO))2H}] (1) with H2NNRR′ in aprotic solvents gave irida-β-ketoimines [IrHCl{(PPh2(o-C6H4CO))(PPh2(o-C6H4CNNRR′))H}] (R = R′ = Me (5); R = H, R′ = Ph (8)), which can undergo N–N bond cleavage to afford the acyl–amide complex [IrHCl(PPh2(o-C6H4CO))(PPh2(o-C6H4C(O)N(CH3)2))-κP,κO] (6) or [IrHCl(PPh2(o-C6H4CO))(PPh2(o-C6H4CN)-κP)(NH2NHPh-κNH2)] (9) containing o-(diphenylphosphine)benzonitrile and phenylhydrazine, respectively. From a CH2Cl2/CH3OH solution of 9 kept at −18 °C, single crystals of [IrHCl(PPh2(o-C6H4CO))(PPh2(o-C6H4CN)-κP))(HN═NPh-κNH)] (10) containing o-(diphenylphosphine)benzonitrile and phenyldiazene were formed, as shown by X-ray diffraction. The reaction of 1 with methylhydrazine in methanol gave the hydrazine complex [IrCl(PPh2(o-C6H4CO))2(NH2NH(CH3)-κNH2)] (7). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was performed on 6 and 7.Partial financial support by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (CTQ2015-65268-C2-1-P and CTQ2015-65268-C2-2-P), Gobierno Vasco (S-PE13UN023), and Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) (GIU 13/06) is gratefully acknowledged. I.Z. is grateful to Gobierno Vasco for a scholarship. Technical and human support provided by IZO-SGI, SGIker (UPV/EHU, MICINN, GV/EJ, ERDF, and ESF) is gratefully acknowledged

The GATA3 X308_Splice breast cancer mutation is a hormone context-dependent oncogenic driver

As the catalog of oncogenic driver mutations is expanding, it becomes clear that alterations in a given gene might have different functions and should not be lumped into one class. The transcription factor GATA3 is a paradigm of this. We investigated the functions of the most common GATA3 mutation (X308_Splice) and five additional mutations, which converge into a neoprotein that we called “neoGATA3,” associated with excellent prognosis in patients. Analysis of available molecular data from >3000 breast cancer patients revealed a dysregulation of the ER-dependent transcriptional response in tumors carrying neoGATA3-generating mutations. Mechanistic studies in vitro showed that neoGATA3 interferes with the transcriptional programs controlled by estrogen and progesterone receptors, without fully abrogating them. ChIP-Seq analysis indicated that ER binding is reduced in neoGATA3-expressing cells, especially at distal regions, suggesting that neoGATA3 interferes with the fine tuning of ER-dependent gene expression. This has opposite outputs in distinct hormonal context, having pro- or anti-proliferative effects, depending on the estrogen/progesterone ratio. Our data call for functional analyses of putative cancer drivers to guide clinical application.Institute of Cancer Research of the Medical University Vienna and by the grant P27361-B23 from the Austrian Science Grant (FWF), FXR was supported by SAF2011-29530 and SAF2015-70553-R grants from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Madrid, Spain) (co-funded by the ERDF-EU), Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer. CNIO is supported by Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades as a Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2015-051

Hacia un proceso penal más reparador y resocializador: avances desde la justicia terapéutica

La obra que se presenta al lector trata de dar a conocer la Justicia Terapéutica a los investigadores y profesionales que trabajan en su día a día con personas que se enfrentan a un proceso penal, ya sea como víctima o victimario, para mostrarles una visión distinta de nuestro sistema de justicia penal que pueda ofrecer una respuesta más humana. Para cumplir ese objetivo, se inicia la obra con tres capítulos, que pueden considerarse introductorios, en los que se parte del concepto de Justicia Terapéutica desde sus orígenes en Estados Unidos, con las obras de los Profesores Wexler y Winick, para diferenciarla después de la justicia restaurativa y resaltar la importancia de formar a los operadores jurídicos en Justicia Terapéutica para de esta forma poner a su disposición nuevas herramientas en su quehacer diario que redunden en beneficio de quienes están involucrados en el proceso penal. A partir de aquí y a lo largo de los capítulos siguientes se van analizando las distintas figuras jurídicas propias del proceso penal y los programas de intervención con víctimas o victimarios que encajan con los postulados de la Justicia Terapéutica.Presentación / Esther Pillado González (pp. 11-12). -- Aproximación al concepto de justicia terapéutica / Esther Pillado González (pp. 13-24). -- Justicia restaurativa y justicia terapéutica: hacia una praxis reflexiva de transgresiones disciplinares / Gema Varona Martínez (pp. 25- 55). -- Formación de los operadores jurídicos en justicia terapéutica / Tamara Martínez Soto (pp. 57-90). -- Desistimiento en supuestos de delitos leves y conformidad como manifestaciones de justicia terapéutica / María Dolores Fernández Fustes (pp. 91-124). -- Mediación y justicia terapéutica / Silvia Barona Vilar (pp. 125-168). -- La denominada prisión provisional "atenuada" como manifestación de justicia terapéutica en el Derecho Español / Pablo Grande Seara (pp. 169-201). -- La protección de la víctima del delito desde el punto de vista de la justicia terapéutica / Izaskun Porres García (pp. 203-223). -- Prueba pericial psicológica en víctimas de violencia de género con enfoque de justicia terapéutica / Ramón Arce Fernández, Francisca Fariña Rivera, Mercedes Novo Pérez y Dolores Seijo Martínez (pp. 225-249). -- Evaluación e intervención con víctimas menores de edad desde la perspectiva de la justicia terapéutica. Especial referencia a las víctimas de abuso sexual infantil / Noemí Pereda Beltran y Mila Arch Marín (pp. 251-281). -- La función del juez en la determinación y ejecución de las sanciones penales privativas de libertad / Ignacio José Subijana Zunzunegui (pp. 283-311). -- A propósito de la suspensión ampliada de la pena: algunas notas sobre el acuerdo alcanzado en virtud de mediación / Fernando Vázquez-Portomeñe Seijas (pp. 313-338). -- La regulación de la libertad condicional para internos primarios: una lectura desde la justicia terapéutica / Natalia Pérez Rivas (pp. 339-372). -- Aplicación de la justicia terapeútica en la intervención con hombres que han ejercido violencia de género / Francisca Fariña Rivera, Mercedes Novo Pérez, Dolores Seijo Martínez y Ramón Arce Fernández (pp. 373-396). -- Intervención en agresores sexuales: aportaciones de la justicia terapéutica / Rui Abruhnosa Gonçalves (pp. 397-404). -- Próximos pasos en el desarrollo de la justicia terapéutica / David B. Wexler y Karla G. González Vázquez (pp. 405-412)

Analysis of the role of the histone-deacetylases (HDACs) in the generation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)

Trabajo presentado en el 18th ASEICA International Congress, celebrado en Santiago de Compostela (España) del 16 al 18 de noviembre de 2022.Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the major population within the tumour microenvironment (TME) in many solid carcinomas and generally present tumour-promoting functions, such as promotion of cancer cell growth, survival and invasion, angiogenesis and immunosuppression. Therefore, CAFs can critically regulate tumour initiation, progression and therapeutic response. § CAFs show a pathologically activated phenotype despite the absence of genomic aberrations, suggesting that epigenetic rearrangements might be involved in the emergence of pro-tumorigenic CAFs. § Our aim is to assess whether a dysregulation of the acetylation machinery, in particular of the histone-deacetylases (HDACs), leads to epigenetic rearrangements contributing to distinct CAF phenotypes. § Understanding how HDAC activity is regulated in fibroblasts and its overall effect on CAF emergence may inform of strategies to block the capacity of CAFs to shape aggressive environments. HDAC inhibitors, widely used in cancer therapy, could rise up as a novel approach for targeting tumour stroma.Grant PRE2019-088067 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ESF Investing in your future”. Grant PID2021-128107OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”. FC lab is funded by AECC (LABAE19044CALV), MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 (RTI2018-096778-A-I00, PID2021-128107OB-I00); AECC (PRYCO211372RODR); BBVA Leonardo Awards (IN[19]_BBM_BAS_0076), and the ERC (ERC-CoG101045756)

Analysis of the role of the HDACs in the generation of Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs)

Trabajo presentado en el II Congreso Anual Conexión Cáncer, celebrado en Benidorm (España) del 23 al 25 de enero de 2023.Peer reviewe

Influence of walking speed and sex in pelvis and centre of gravity movement

The pelvic obliquity and centre of gravity (CG) displacement were defined as the most critical discriminators between male and female gaits during normal speed [1,2]. As a low walking speed is spontaneously chosen by many patients [3], some previous studies described the influence of walking speed in these kinematic gait parameters [4,5]