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End-to-End Quantum-like Language Models with Application to Question Answering
Language Modeling (LM) is a fundamental research topic ina range of areas. Recently, inspired by quantum theory, a novel Quantum Language Model (QLM) has been proposed for Information Retrieval (IR). In this paper, we aim to broaden the theoretical and practical basis of QLM. We develop a Neural Network based Quantum-like Language Model (NNQLM) and apply it to Question Answering. Specifically, based on word embeddings, we design a new density matrix, which represents a sentence (e.g., a question or an answer) and encodes a mixture of semantic subspaces. Such a density matrix, together with a joint representation of the question and the answer, can be integrated into neural network architectures (e.g., 2-dimensional convolutional neural networks). Experiments on the TREC-QA and WIKIQA datasets have verified the effectiveness of our proposed models
Influence maximization in multilayer networks based on adaptive coupling degree
Influence Maximization(IM) aims to identify highly influential nodes to
maximize influence spread in a network. Previous research on the IM problem has
mainly concentrated on single-layer networks, disregarding the comprehension of
the coupling structure that is inherent in multilayer networks. To solve the IM
problem in multilayer networks, we first propose an independent cascade model
(MIC) in a multilayer network where propagation occurs simultaneously across
different layers. Consequently, a heuristic algorithm, i.e., Adaptive Coupling
Degree (ACD), which selects seed nodes with high spread influence and a low
degree of overlap of influence, is proposed to identify seed nodes for IM in a
multilayer network. By conducting experiments based on MIC, we have
demonstrated that our proposed method is superior to the baselines in terms of
influence spread and time cost in 6 synthetic and 4 real-world multilayer
networks
Short video users’ personality traits and social sharing motivation
Purpose/significanceStudying the correlation between short video users’ personality traits and their sharing motivation can enrich the theoretical research on social sharing motivation and provide a reference for short-video content management and platform construction.Methods/processBased on uses and gratifications theory and personality traits theory, a structural model affecting short-video users’ sharing motivations was proposed. A total of 579 valid questionnaires were collected from a social network, and the proposed hypotheses were tested using SPSS and Amos software.Results/conclusionThe results show that the personality traits of short-video users affect their sharing motivation and that their specific sharing motivation also differ due to their personality traits. At the same time, the research results also confirm the Matthew effect of “the rich getting richer” and the social compensation effect of “the poor getting richer” in the context of social platforms that host short videos
Uncertainty quantification of silicon photonic devices with correlated and non-Gaussian random parameters
Efficient Multi-Scale Attention Module with Cross-Spatial Learning
Remarkable effectiveness of the channel or spatial attention mechanisms for
producing more discernible feature representation are illustrated in various
computer vision tasks. However, modeling the cross-channel relationships with
channel dimensionality reduction may bring side effect in extracting deep
visual representations. In this paper, a novel efficient multi-scale attention
(EMA) module is proposed. Focusing on retaining the information on per channel
and decreasing the computational overhead, we reshape the partly channels into
the batch dimensions and group the channel dimensions into multiple
sub-features which make the spatial semantic features well-distributed inside
each feature group. Specifically, apart from encoding the global information to
re-calibrate the channel-wise weight in each parallel branch, the output
features of the two parallel branches are further aggregated by a
cross-dimension interaction for capturing pixel-level pairwise relationship. We
conduct extensive ablation studies and experiments on image classification and
object detection tasks with popular benchmarks (e.g., CIFAR-100, ImageNet-1k,
MS COCO and VisDrone2019) for evaluating its performance.Comment: Accepted to ICASSP202
Random Sierpinski network with scale-free small-world and modular structure
In this paper, we define a stochastic Sierpinski gasket, on the basis of
which we construct a network called random Sierpinski network (RSN). We
investigate analytically or numerically the statistical characteristics of RSN.
The obtained results reveal that the properties of RSN is particularly rich, it
is simultaneously scale-free, small-world, uncorrelated, modular, and maximal
planar. All obtained analytical predictions are successfully contrasted with
extensive numerical simulations. Our network representation method could be
applied to study the complexity of some real systems in biological and
information fields.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figures; final version accepted for publication in EPJ
Tetraaquabis(2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-4-carboxylato-κO 4)nickel(II)
In the title compound, [Ni(C10H6NO3)2(H2O)4], the central NiII atom is located on an inversion center and coordinated in a slightly distorted octahedral geometry by two O atoms from two 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-4-carboxylate ligands and four water molecules, all of which act as monodentate ligands. The crystal structure features an extensive network of intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions (O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O) and offset face-to-face π–π stacking interactions [centroid–centroid distances = 3.525 (3) and 3.281 (5) Å]
Characterization of multi-wavelength polarized light transmission in the real sea spray environment
Sea spray particles are a type of non-uniform, non-spherical, non-isotropic, and complex medium, and the study of the transmission characteristics of polarized light in a real sea spray environment can provide reference values in many fields, such as polarization imaging, marine target detection, and LiDAR, which can make up for the vacancy of polarized light transmission in a complex sea spray environment. In this paper, a real sea fog test is carried out in the Qingdao Sea area of China in the horizontal/oblique direction, and a platform for generating and detecting polarized light with multiple tilt angles is constructed by using the active test method, which realizes the test scheme for the characteristics of energy change and polarization state change in the linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light at different visibility levels in sea fog environments. The results show that it is more difficult to deflect the circularly polarized light than linearly polarized light at the same sea spray visibility level. With the increase in the tilt angle, a decrease in the polarization is observed. The polarization of the near-infrared light is always larger than that of the visible light, which indicates that the circularly polarized light has better polarization preservation than the linearly polarized light and the polarization preservation of the near-infrared light is better than that of the visible light
Report drawn up on behalf of the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs on the possible loan from the OPEC countries to the Federal Republic of Germany and to France. EP Working Documents 1982-83, Document 1-284/82, 4 June 1982
Abstract Background Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) has become an emerging infectious disease in China in the last decade. There has been evidence that meteorological factors can influence the HFMD incidence, and understanding the mechanisms can help prevent and control HFMD. Methods HFMD incidence data and meteorological data in Minhang District, Shanghai were obtained for the period between 2009 and 2015. Distributed lag non-linear models (DLNMs) were utilized to investigate the impact of meteorological factors on HFMD incidence after adjusting for potential confounders of long time trend, weekdays and holidays. Results There was a non-linear relationship between temperature and HFMD incidence, the RR of 5th percentile compared to the median is 0.836 (95% CI: 0.671–1.042) and the RR of 95th percentile is 2.225 (95% CI: 1.774–2.792), and the effect of temperature varied across age groups. HFMD incidence increased with increasing average relative humidity (%) (RR = 1.009, 95% CI: 1.005–1.015) and wind speed (m/s) (RR = 1.197, 95% CI: 1.118–1.282), and with decreasing daily rainfall (mm) (RR = 0.992, 95% CI: 0.987–0.997) and sunshine hours (h) (RR = 0.966, 95% CI: 0.951–0.980). Conclusions There were significant relationships between meteorological factors and childhood HFMD incidence in Minhang District, Shanghai. This information can help local health agencies develop strategies for the control and prevention of HFMD under specific climatic conditions
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