Une application iPad pour l’annotation collaborative des manuscrits médiévaux avec le protocole SharedCanvas : «Formes à toucher»

Formes à toucher est une application pour iPAD développée sous la direction de l’Institut de recherche et d’histoire des textes et la Bibliothèque nationale de France et publiée sous licence GNU-GPL. Conçue en collaboration avec des ergonomes, elle démontre que la technologie n’o re pas simplement une amélioration du confort de l’usager mais modi e profondément les méthodes de travail et les questionnements de la recherche en SHS. Malgré l’accès ubiquitaire aux ressources numérisées, le rapport à l’image reste surtout un rapport d’illustration et non d’exploitation assistée par ordinateur, alors que l’analyse d’images et la prise en compte des formes est au cœur des enjeux actuels en SHS. Les études d’usage montrent que l’application est utilisable aussi bien dans un contexte de recherche (annotations personnelles ou d’équipe) que pédagogique (paléographie, histoire de l’art). L’utilisation du modèle de données SharedCanvas, fondé sur RDF, permet d’assurer l’interopérabilité avec d’autres bibliothèques numériques et de futures applications similaires dans le domaine du Linked Open Data

Paléographie latine et vernaculaire(livres et documents)

Programme de l’année 2011-2012 : I. Écritures diplomatiques et cursivité. — II. L’écriture des chartes comme système graphique complexe. — III. Spécialisation et connotations des morphologies. — IV. Décrire les écritures : la modélisation des signes graphiques

Paléographie latine et vernaculaire(livres et documents)

Programme de l’année 2012-2013 : I. L’écriture entre ductus et morphologie. — II. Le paléographe et l’ordinateur

Specifying a TEI-XML Based Format for Aligning Text to Image at Character Level

International audienceThis papers presents an experience of specifying and implementing an XML format for text to image alignment at word and character level within the TEI framework. The format in question is a supplementary markup layer applied to heterogeneous transcriptions of medieval Latin and French manuscripts encoded using different " flavors " of the TEI (normalized for critical editions, diplomatic or palaeographic transcriptions). One of the problems that had to be solved was identifying " non-alignable " spans in various kinds of transcriptions. Originally designed in the framework of a research project on the ontology of letter-forms in medieval Latin and vernacular (mostly French) manuscripts and inscriptions, this format can be of use for all kinds of projects that involve fine-grain alignment of transcriptions with zones on digital images

FDG-PET/CT for oral focus assessment in head and neck cancer patients

OBJECTIVES To compare oral and maxillo-mandibular inflammatory foci on standard oral radiographs (OPT, periapical radiograph) with available fluorine-18-labelled fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) data and to discuss whether additional metabolic information derived from FDG-PET/CT can support oral care specialists when performing oral focus examinations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from 23 patients with head and neck cancer who underwent FDG-PET/CT and panoramic and periapical radiography in close succession before first-line radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy were included in this exploratory retrospective study. Periapical lesions and marginal periodontal inflammation on FDG-PET/CT scans and standard oral radiographs were analysed and compared with regard to metabolic activity on FDG-PET/CT in comparison to recorded clinical symptoms and radiological scores. Additionally, inflammatory maxillo-mandibular pathologies were analysed using FDG-PET/CT. RESULTS The maximum standardised uptake value (SUV$_{max}$) in FDG-avid marginal periodontal sites could not be conclusively associated with the radiologically recorded severity of marginal bone loss, but a potential positive correlation was identified. No association was found either between the metabolic activity of periapical lesions and their extent, as recorded on standard oral radiographs, or regarding clinical symptoms (percussion test). Most maxillo-mandibular pathologies did not show increased FDG uptake. CONCLUSIONS FDG-PET/CT provided additional metabolic information that can help clinicians identify lesions with increased inflammatory activity. The incorporation of available oral FDG-PET/CT findings into the primary oral focus assessment may allow for more accurate oral focus treatment. CLINICAL RELEVANCE FDG-PET/CT provides valuable metabolic information for oral care specialists. The detection of inflammatory oral processes using FDG-PET/CT facilitates treatment

Characterizing swells in the southern Pacific from seismic and infrasonic noise analyses

International audienceA temporary network of 10 broad-band seismic stations has been installed in French Polynesia for the Polynesian Lithosphere and Upper Mantle Experiment (PLUME). All the seismic stations were installed either on volcanic islands or on atolls of the various archipelagos of French Polynesia in a manner which complements the geographic coverage provided by the regional permanent stations. The primary aim of PLUME is to image the upper mantle structures related to plate motion and hotspot activity. However, because of its proximity to all sites, the ocean is responsible for a high level of noise in the seismic data and we show that these data can also be used to analyse ocean wave activity. The power spectral density (PSD) analyses of the seismic data recorded in French Polynesia show clear peaks in the 0.05– 0.10 Hz band (periods between 10 and 20 s), which corresponds to swell frequencies. Clear peaks in this frequency band are also observed in infrasonic data recorded on Tahiti. Ground motion analysis shows that the swell-related seismic noise (SRSN) is linearly polarized in the horizontal plane and its amplitude decreases rapidly with the distance from the shore. The microseismic and the infrasonic 'noise' amplitudes show very similar variations from station to station and both are strongly correlated with the swell amplitudes predicted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), wind-forced, 'WaveWatch' models. The swell direction can be estimated from SRSN polarization analysis but this has to be done with care since, for some cases, the ground motions are strongly controlled by the islands' anisometric shapes and by swell refraction processes. We find cases, however, such as Tahiti or roughly circular Tuamotu atolls, where the azimuth of the swell is in good agreement with the seismic estimates. We, therefore, demonstrate that the SRSN and the infrasonic signal observed in French Polynesia can be used in such cases as a proxy for swell amplitude and azimuth. From the continuous analysis of the data recorded in 2003 at the permanent seismic station PPTL in Tahiti, transfer functions have been obtained. This could provide a way to quantify the swell activity during the last two decades and, therefore, assist in the investigation of climate changes

Variability as a Key Factor For Understanding Medieval Scripts: the ORIFLAMMS project (ANR-12-CORP-0010)

First submission on Sept. 21st, 2012; peer reviews and comments communicated on June 3rd, 2013; submission of revised version on Nov. 22nd, 2013; copy editing communicated on Oct. 20th, 2017; revised version submitted on Nov. 3rd, 2017.International audienceVariability has always been a key concept in the humanities, as a factor of change and historical evolution as well as the core phenomenon between normativity, social control and individuality. Variability in written cultures is an issue for communication and literacy studies, linguistics, philology, history and palaeography, but also psychology and neuroscience. In order to better understand the challenges presented by modern technology, the variability of medieval scripts is an excellent field of research. This article details how palaeography connects to the context and rationale to study the variability of scripts, and evidences how core features such as letter-forms can be analysed in relation to semiotic coherence, phonetics, linguistics and neuroscience. It suggests that variability would be precisely a question for “digital palaeography” to be addressed with the help of computer vision. In the last part, it describes the strategy that has been implemented within the research project ORIFLAMMS (Ontology Research, Image Feature, Letterform Analysis on Multilingual Medieval Scripts, 2013-2016) to created the necessary data sets and tools, especially to build a common reference corpus and a formal ontology which should serve as a touchstone to measure variability. The conclusion lists the achievements of the cross-domain research project, ranging from the reference corpus to new open source developments for text-image alignment and joint palaeographical and linguistic analysis, passing through new publications on digital humanities and interdisciplinary research

Liste d'abréviations latines pour l'encodage XML

La perception, l'analyse et l'encodage des abréviations est un sujet complexe, sur lequel le projet Oriflamms a déjà permis de se consacrer (cf. D. Stutzmann, « Ontologie des formes et encodage des textes manuscrits médiévaux. Le projet ORIFLAMMS », Document numérique, 16/3, 2013, p. 81-95, aux pages 86-89, accessible en ligne : https://www.cairn.info/resume.php?ID_ARTICLE=DN_163_0081). Pour faire avancer la discussion de façon concrète, nous publions ici la liste des abréviations que nous ut..

Gilbert Ouy. Les manuscrits de l’abbaye de Saint-Victor: catalogue établi sur la base du répertoire de Claude de Grandrue (1514), t. I, Introduction, concordances, index, t. II, Texte

Stutzmann Dominique. Gilbert Ouy. Les manuscrits de l’abbaye de Saint-Victor: catalogue établi sur la base du répertoire de Claude de Grandrue (1514), t. I, Introduction, concordances, index, t. II, Texte. In: Bibliothèque de l'école des chartes. 2003, tome 161, livraison 1. pp. 338-342

Les Gestes des évêques d’Auxerre, t. I, sous la dir. de Michel Sot, texte établi par Guy Lobrichon avec la coll. de Monique Goullet, présentation, traduction et notes par Pierre Bonnerue, Marie-Hélène Depardon, Noëlle Deflou-Leca [ et al.]

Stutzmann Dominique. Les Gestes des évêques d’Auxerre, t. I, sous la dir. de Michel Sot, texte établi par Guy Lobrichon avec la coll. de Monique Goullet, présentation, traduction et notes par Pierre Bonnerue, Marie-Hélène Depardon, Noëlle Deflou-Leca [ et al.]. In: Bibliothèque de l'école des chartes. 2003, tome 161, livraison 1. pp. 325-328