Effectiveness of Salmon Carcass Analogs as a Form of Nutrient Enhancement for Juvenile Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in Three Lower Columbia Watersheds

Adult Pacific salmon exhibit a form of parental care after spawning and perishing by depositing a subsidy of marine derived nutrients (MDN) that may be incorporated into the stream food web and feed juvenile salmon. Adult salmon populations have significantly declined since the late 19th century, thereby reducing the amount of MDN within Pacific Northwest Streams. This loss in nutrients within stream food webs may be limiting the growth and survival of juvenile salmon and therefore reducing the population sizes of adult salmon. One strategy to mitigate for nutrient deficiencies within a stream is the use of salmon carcass analogs (SCA), pellets composed of pulverized and pasteurized marine forage fish. We investigated the effectiveness of SCA in enhancing the size and abundance of juvenile coho salmon within a complex of three watersheds (Abernathy, Germany, and Mill Creek) that empty into the lower Columbia River near Cathlamet, WA. SCA applications occurred in the fall (2010-2013) on Germany Creek and in the spring (2013-2015) on Abernathy Creek, while Mill Creek served as a reference watershed and did not receive SCA applications. We periodically gathered samples of periphyton, macroinvertebrates, and juvenile coho (fin clips) before and after SCA application at approximately two month intervals. Juvenile coho were also sampled for fork length and weight. Samples were taken at three sites at the lower, middle, and upper extent of adult coho spawning within each watershed. During the final sampling event of each year, while juvenile coho were outmigrating, fin clips were taken at smolt traps located near each river’s confluence with the Columbia River. Data from smolt traps were used to estimate the average fork length and abundance of juvenile coho during each year of this project. To evaluate the timing and extent of nutrients from SCA being incorporated into the stream food web, samples were processed and analyzed for δ 15N, a measure of the abundance of the heavier isotope of nitrogen that occurs more abundantly in the marine environment. Seasonal trends of δ15N in periphyton, macroinvertebrates, and juvenile coho, as well as seasonal trends of juvenile coho fork length and weight were compared between fertilized and unfertilized watersheds. We detected SCA effects on seasonal trends of macroinvertebrate and juvenile coho δ15N for the fall and spring treatments, indicating SCA nutrients were incorporated by these communities. We detected SCA effects on the seasonal trends of juvenile coho fork length and weight for the spring treatment, but not for the fall treatment. We could not detect SCA effects on seasonal trends of periphyton δ15N for either the fall or spring treatment, potentially due to smaller than needed sample sizes. Overall the effect of fall SCA application was to disrupt the seasonal trend of δ15N values among trophic levels by causing an increase in δ15N during the late fall/early winter when values are normally decreasing. The effect of spring SCA application was to enhance the seasonal trend, causing increases in δ15N values greater than those seen in the absence of SCA applications. Comparing juvenile coho sizes and abundances between years with and without SCA application and between fertilized and unfertilized watersheds indicated that neither the fall or spring treatment had a significant effect on coho growth and survival. Where SCA are to be used as a salmonid recovery tool, we recommend that careful watershed selection and subsequent monitoring be employed to ensure investments are worthwhile

Utjecaj motoričkog iskustva na motoričku kreativnost (fluentnost) predškolske djece

The aim of the paper was to consider the relation between motor creativity (fluency) and motor experience in preschool children. According to contemporary creativity theories, experience and knowledge has an important role in the formation of a critical level of motor behavior below which creativity is not possible. Insufficiently stimulated and underdeveloped motor skills and knowledge at this age can be the cause of decreased or ’slumbered’ motor creativity. Estimation of motor performance (motor testing by means of the validated battery of seven motor tasks) and motor creativity (Torrens TCAM test) has been carried out in Vršac on the sample of 154 preschool children aged 6 to 6.5 years. The results show that motorically more competent children scored better in TCAM test tasks. The obtained results indicate the need to provide preschool children with suitable conditions leading to their optimal motor development and creative motor expression.Cilj rada bio je razmotriti odnos između motoričke kreativnosti (fluentnosti) i motoričkog iskustva djece predškolske dobi. Prema suvremenim teorijama kreativnosti, iskustvo i znanje imaju važnu ulogu u formiranju kritične razine motoričkog znanja (ponašanja) ispod koje očitovanje kreativnosti nije moguće. Nedovoljno stimulirane i nerazvijene motoričke vještine i znanja u ovoj dobi mogu biti uzrokom smanjene ili „uspavane“ motoričke kreativnosti. Motoričke sposobnosti i znanja (motoričkim testiranjem pomoću standardizirane baterije od sedam motoričkih zadataka) i motorička kreativnost (Torrensov TCAM test) procijenjeni su u Vršcu na uzorku od 154 djece predškolske dobi od 6 do 6,5 godina. Rezultati pokazuju da su motorički uspješnija djeca postigla bolji rezultat u ispitnim zadacima TCAM-a. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na potrebu da se u radu s predškolskom djecom osiguraju odgovarajući uvjeti za optimalan motorički razvoj i motoričko kreativno izražavanje

Bulk and Single Crystal Growth Progress of Iron-Based Superconductors (FBS): 1111 and 1144

The discovery of iron-based superconductors (FBS) and their superconducting properties has generated huge research interest and provided a very rich physics high Tc family for fundamental and experimental studies. The 1111 (REFeAsO, RE = Rare earth) and 1144 (AEAFe4As4, AE = Ca, Eu; A = K, Rb) families are the two most important families of FBS, which offer the high Tc of 58 K and 36 K with doping and without doping, respectively. Furthermore, the crystal growth of these families is not an easy process, and a lot of efforts have been reported in this direction. However, the preparation of high-quality and suitable-sized samples is still challenging. In this short review, we will summarize the growth of materials with their superconducting properties, especially polycrystals and single crystals, for the 1111 and 1144 families, and make a short comparison between them to understand the developmental issues

Familial benign pemphigus Hailey-Hailey: a case presentation

Generalităţi. Boala Hailey-Hailey (pemfigus benign familial) este o genodermatoză (mutaţii în gena ATP2C1) rară, cu transmitere autosomaldominantă, caracterizată printr-o fragilitate crescută a pielii şi structură anormală a desmozomilor. La instalarea diagnosticului, pe lângă tabloul clinic specific şi antecedentele familiale, o importanţă semnificativă o are examenul histopatologic: bula situată suprabazal, papilomatoza – papile dermice cu aspect „în degete de mănuşă”, care proemină în interiorul bulei, pe alocuri cu asociere de hiperkeratoză. Prezentare de caz. Prezentăm cazul unei paciente de 43 de ani, din mediul rural, observată în secţia femei a Spitalului Dermatologie şi Maladii Comunicabile, cu diagnosticul Pemfi gus benign familial Hailey-Hailey, durata maladiei fi ind de aproximativ 7 ani. Pacienta s-a tratat ambulator, de mai multe ori, pentru intertrigo şi lichen plan, cu efect curativ neînsemnat. Cazuri asemănătoare s-au constatat la bunică, tată, soră şi frate. Pentru prima dată, erupţia s-a observat pe gât. Datele obiective relevă prezenţa plăcilor eritemato-veziculo-buloase, zemuinde, circinate, cu tendinţă spre confl uare, macule hipercromice, localizate în pliurile axilare, submamare şi pe gât, asociate de prurit. Semnul Nikolsky a fost negativ. Diagnosticul s-a stabilit în baza următoarelor date: tablou clinic, antecedente familiale, examen histopatologic. S-a observat o evoluţie favorabilă în tratamentul indicat, care a inclus: corticoizi pe cale generală (doze moderate de prednison cu reducere treptată), dermatocorticoizi, loţiuni antiseptice. Concluzii. Cazul este adus în discuţie pentru raritatea acestuia şi particularităţile clinico-evolutive specifi ce. Maladia a evoluat timp de mai mulţi ani cu aspect de intertrigo şi lichen plan, ceea ce a creat difi cultăţi de diagnostic pozitiv şi diferenţial.Overview. Hailey-Hailey disease (familial benign pemphigus) is rare autosomal-dominant genodermatoses (induced by a mutation in ATP2C1 gene), which is chracterized by an increased skin fragility and abnormal structure of the desmosomes. A case report. A 43 year old female patient, originated from a rural region,was treated in Hospital of Dermatology and Communicable Diseases for familial benign pemphigus,the disease lasted for approximately 7 years. Initially,the patient was treated for intertrigo and lichen planus, but without any signifi cant eff ect. Similar clinical manifestations have been seen in the patient’s relatives: grandmother, father, sister and brother. For the fi rst time, skin lesions occurred on the patients’ neck. Clinical inspection revelead presence of erythematous macules covered with vesicle, bulla and erosions with oozing, which had a tendency to confluent together, itching hyperpigemented macules were seen in axila, submamary folds, as well as on neck. Nicolsky sign was negative. Diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical signs, heredetary anamnesis and histopathological report. Treament, which included systemic steroids, moderate dosage of prednisolone, topical steroids and antiseptic lotions, has shown a positive result. Conclusion. Th is case was presented for discussion due to its rarity

Miescher granulomatous cheilitis. Clinical case

Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Chişinău, Republica MoldovaIntroducere. Cheilita granulomatoasă Miescher este o maladie rară, care se caracterizează prin hipertrofia uneia sau a ambelor buze. Are o consistență elastică, mai rar fiind dură și atinge variate dimensiuni. Scopul lucrării. Prezentarea unui caz clinic, rar întâlnit în practica dermatologică, de Cheilita granulomatoasă Miescher, după suportarea bolii Covid-19. Material și metode. Studiu de caz clinic prospectiv, vizând o pacientă în vârstă de 47 ani, tratată în cadrul Spitalului Dermatologie și Maladii Comunicabile. Rezultate. Istoricul bolii de 5 luni, cu apariția episoadelor recurente de edem al buzei inferioare, cu permanentizarea treptată a edemului și extinderea acestuia spre zona infralabială. Primul episod s-a instalat la a 5-a zi după debutul bolii Covid-19. Evolutiv, edemul diminua, dar ulterior reapărea, treptat implicând zonele adiacente. La examenul obiectiv se atestă hipertrofia buzei inferioare, eritem, edem pronunțat, consistență dur elastică, contur în regiunea perilabială și pe versantul mucos al buzei inferioare. Nodulii limfatici regionali nu sunt măriți. Nu a fost stabilită afectarea nervului facial. O serie de investigații paraclinice, inclusiv radiografia cutiei toracice, testarea IgE serică totală, testarea panelului de anticorpi antinucleari și colonoscopie, nu a relevat modificări patologice semnificative. Examenul histopatologic a confirmat prezența inflamației granulomatoase, preponderent epiteloide cu incluziuni plasmo-limfocitare, fără component necrotic, la nivelul dermului reticular superior. Concluzii. Apariția cheilitei granulomatoase Miescher la scurt timp după debutul bolii Covid-19, conferă un interes special cazului prezentat. Diagnosticul are la bază modificările clinice caracteristice, precum și cele histopatologice plauzibile. Excluderea infecție micotice și micobacteriene argumentează diagnosticul final.Background. Granulomatous cheilitis of Miescher, is a rare disease characterized by hypertrophy of one or both lips. It has an elastic consistency, rarely being hard, and reaches various sizes. Objective of the study. Presentation of a clinical case, rarely seen in dermatological practice, of Miescher granulomatous cheilitis, after suffering from the Covid-19 disease. Material and methods. Prospective clinical case study, targeting a 47-year-old patient, treated at the Dermatology and Communicable Diseases Hospital. Results. 5-month history of the disease, with the appearance of recurrent episodes of edema of the lower lip, with gradual permanent edema and its extension to the infralabial area. The first episode occurred on the 5th day after the onset of the Covid-19 disease. Evolutionarily, the edema decreased, but later reappeared, gradually involving the adjacent areas. The objective examination shows hypertrophy of the lower lip, erythema, pronounced edema, hard elastic consistency, and outline in the perilabial region and on the mucous slope of the lower lip. Regional lymph nodes are not enlarged. It was not established that the facial nerve was affected. A series of paraclinical investigations, including chest radiography, total serum IgE testing, antinuclear antibody panel testing, and colonoscopy, revealed no significant pathological changes. The histopathological examination confirmed the presence of granulomatous inflammation, predominantly epithelioid with plasma-lymphocyte inclusions, without necrotic component, at the level of the upper reticular dermis. Conclusion. The appearance of Miescher granulomatous cheilitis shortly after the Covid-19 disease gives special interest to the presented case. The diagnosis is based on characteristic clinical changes, as well as plausible histopathological ones. Exclusion of mycotic and mycobacterial infection argues for the final diagnosis

The three postmodernisms. Two generations of Romanian writers facing the west

The Postmodern Theory, that had united the previous literary generation, is challenged and partly abandoned by the generation of the 1990s. Furthermore, the very idea of a literary generation united under a literary ideology fades away in the 1990s. What happens in the transition that separates these generations of intellectuals and writers? The purpose of this essay is to describe some of the major changes in paradigm that follow the peaking of Romanian Postmodernism and to bring to debate some of the possible causes of the successive transformations of the Postmodern Theory in the peripheral context of the Romanian artistic and intellectual environment of the 1980s and 1990s

Differential approach in figurate erythemas: clinical case

Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Chişinău, Republica MoldovaIntroducere. Eritemul inelar centrifug (EIC) este un fenomen cronic, reactiv al pielii, caracterizat prin plăci eritematoase inelare, arciforme, policiclice, cu extindere centrifugala. EIC este adesea asociat cu infecții fungice, bacteriene, administrare de medicamente, afecțiuni autoimune sau endocrine, neoplazii. Scopul lucrării. evidențierea importanței diagnosticului diferențial al maladiilor manifestate prin leziuni eritematoase figurate, prin prisma unui caz clinic. Material și metode. Datele anamnestice, clinice și paraclinice au fost prelevate din fișa medicală. Pacientul a fost investigat prin biopsie cutanată. A fost studiată literatura privind cazurile similare. Rezultate. Pacienta internată în staționar cu acuzele: leziuni cutanate diseminate la nivelul membrelor superioare și inferioare, fără senzații subiective. Din anamneză, leziunile au apărut primar cu 8 ani în urmă, în timpul sarcinii, pe membrele superioare și inferioare. Testul la Ac către Borrelia burgdoferi IgM si IgG - negativ. La examenul microscopic cu KOH a fost exclusă infecția fungică. Medicul de familie a indicat Desloratadină oral cu efect terapeutic pozitiv. Peste 6 ani, leziunile au reapărut. Test calitativ IgM la boala Lyme - pozitiv. La biopsia cutanată - modificări patologice caracteristice pentru EIC: infiltrat limfocitar perivascular dens; spongioză și hiperkeratoză cu parakeratoză. Concluzie. Diagnosticul diferențial al EIC poate fi dificil, simptomele si semnele sale pot fi similare cu cele ale altor afecțiuni cutanate, cum ar fi eritemul migrator, TBC, tinea corporis, erythema marginatum, sifilis, erythema gyratum repens.Background. Erythema annulare centrifugum (EIC)- a chronic, reactive skin phenomenon, characterized by annular, arciform, polycyclic, erythematous plaques that expand centrifugally. EIC is often associated with fungal, bacterial infections, drug administration, autoimmune or endocrine disorders, neoplasms. The objective of the study. To highlight the importance of the differential diagnosis of diseases manifested by figurative erythematous lesions, through a clinical case. Material and methods. History, clinical and paraclinical data were taken retrospectively from the medical record. The patient was investigated by skin biopsy. Literature on similar cases was studied. Results. Patients complains widespread skin lesions on the upper and lower limbs, without subjective sensations. From the anamnesis, the lesions first appeared 8 years ago, during pregnancy, in the upper and lower limbs. Borrelia burgdoferi IgM and IgG antibody test - negative. Fungal infection was excluded by microscopic examination. The therapist indicated oral Desloratadine with a positive therapeutic effect. After 6 years, the lesions reappeared. Qualitative IgM test for Lyme disease - positive. The infectionist prescribed antibiotic-therapy for Lyme disease. The skin biopsy revealed characteristic pathological changes for EIC: dense perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate; spongiosis and hyperkeratosis with parakeratosis. Conclusion. The differential diagnosis of EIC can be difficult because its symptoms and signs can be similar to those of other skin conditions, such as erythema migrans, TB, tinea corporis, erythema marginatum, syphilis, and erythema gyratum repens

The borderlaine languages and politics of languages : the history of the linguistics ideas

Orientador: Eduardo Roberto Junqueira GuimarãesTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da LinguagemResumo: A obra Dialecto Fronterizo en el Norte del Uruguay (1965), de José Pedro Rona, funda um discurso sobre as línguas praticadas na fronteira do Brasil com o Uruguai. A história das idéias lingüísticas sobre as línguas de fronteira se constitui nos discursos acadêmicos sobre o cruzamento das línguas portuguesa e espanhola nas zonas de fronteira. O espaço de enunciação fronteiriço se define como um espaço no qual se enunciam dizeres sobre as línguas. Esses dizeres têm sentidos políticos que determinam uma distribuição para as línguas, atribuindo-lhes uma hierarquia. Mas, no conjunto das línguas de fronteira, incluem-se práticas lingüísticas que resultam do cruzamento entre as línguas dominantes na fronteira, o português e o espanhol. Desse modo, as designações, tomadas neste trabalho como categoria de análise, significam politicamente, porque uma vez nomeadas, as práticas do cruzamento entram também no quadro das línguas de fronteira. Nessa fronteira é a língua portuguesa e os dialetos de base portuguesa que determinam uma política de línguasAbstract: The work Dialecto Fronterizo en el Norte del Uruguay (1965), written by José Pedro Rona, generates a discourse concerning the languages spoken on the border between Brazil and Uruguay. The history of the linguistic ideas with regard to the borderline languages is constituted in the academic discourses related to the interplay between the Portuguese and the Spanish languages within the borderland. The borderline space of enunciation is defined as a space where utterances are enunciated about the languages. Those utterances present political meaning and determine an allocation to the languages while, at the same time, they confer hierarchy to them. Yet, considering the languages of the borderline as a whole, linguistic practices which result from the interplay between the dominant borderline languages - Portuguese and Spanish - are included. Thus, the descriptions taken into account in this work as categories of analysis, display a political meaning, that is to say, once they are denominated, the practices of that interplay also become part of the framework of the borderline languages. In such a geographic border, the Portuguese language and the dialects of Portuguese influence, are the ones which determine a politics of languagesResumen: La obra Dialecto Fronterizo en el Norte del Uruguay (1965), de José Pedro Rona, dio origen a un discurso sobre las lenguas habladas en la frontera de Brasil con Uruguay. La historia de las ideas lingüísticas sobre las lenguas de frontera se constituye en los discursos académicos sobre el contacto entre las lenguas portuguesa y castellana en las zonas de frontera. El espacio de enunciación fronterizo está definido como un espacio en donde se enuncia lo que se dice sobre las lenguas. Todo ello adquiere sentidos políticos que determinan la distribución de las lenguas, y les atribuye un carácter jerárquico. Pero en la totalidad de las lenguas de frontera se incluyen otras prácticas lingüísticas resultantes del contacto entre las lenguas dominantes en la frontera, el castellano y el portugués. De esa manera, las designaciones ¿ tomadas en este estudio como categorías de análisis ¿ adquieren significados que juegan un papel político: al nombrárselas, tales prácticas pasan a enmarcarse en el ámbito de las lenguas de frontera. En dicha frontera es la lengua portuguesa y los dialectos de base portuguesa que determinan una política de lenguasDoutoradoDoutor em Linguístic

Utjecaj motoričkog iskustva na motoričku kreativnost (fluentnost) predškolske djece

The aim of the paper was to consider the relation between motor creativity (fluency) and motor experience in preschool children. According to contemporary creativity theories, experience and knowledge has an important role in the formation of a critical level of motor behavior below which creativity is not possible. Insufficiently stimulated and underdeveloped motor skills and knowledge at this age can be the cause of decreased or ’slumbered’ motor creativity. Estimation of motor performance (motor testing by means of the validated battery of seven motor tasks) and motor creativity (Torrens TCAM test) has been carried out in Vršac on the sample of 154 preschool children aged 6 to 6.5 years. The results show that motorically more competent children scored better in TCAM test tasks. The obtained results indicate the need to provide preschool children with suitable conditions leading to their optimal motor development and creative motor expression.Cilj rada bio je razmotriti odnos između motoričke kreativnosti (fluentnosti) i motoričkog iskustva djece predškolske dobi. Prema suvremenim teorijama kreativnosti, iskustvo i znanje imaju važnu ulogu u formiranju kritične razine motoričkog znanja (ponašanja) ispod koje očitovanje kreativnosti nije moguće. Nedovoljno stimulirane i nerazvijene motoričke vještine i znanja u ovoj dobi mogu biti uzrokom smanjene ili „uspavane“ motoričke kreativnosti. Motoričke sposobnosti i znanja (motoričkim testiranjem pomoću standardizirane baterije od sedam motoričkih zadataka) i motorička kreativnost (Torrensov TCAM test) procijenjeni su u Vršcu na uzorku od 154 djece predškolske dobi od 6 do 6,5 godina. Rezultati pokazuju da su motorički uspješnija djeca postigla bolji rezultat u ispitnim zadacima TCAM-a. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na potrebu da se u radu s predškolskom djecom osiguraju odgovarajući uvjeti za optimalan motorički razvoj i motoričko kreativno izražavanje