A Comparison of South Dakota State University\u27s Radio Tape Service with that of Other Land-Grant Institutions in the United States

Little is actually known about what radio services are provided to the public by individual land-grant institutions. A search of literature reveals that there is little concrete evidence of what these services consist and also the mechanics behind their production. The purpose of this study is to gather information on the use of radio at land-grant institutions in the United States, to assemble this information in manageable form, to compare South Dakota State University\u27s tape service with those at similar institutions end to get new ideas for further improvement of South Dakota State University\u27s tape service. The author hopes this study may aid other radio specialists in comparing their programs to recognize weaknesses and strengths. The South Dakota State University radio department provides taped programs· on a. regular ·basis to commercial radio stations. The stations served include almost all those in South Dakota, plus those along the borders in neighboring states. Nine regular programs, plus one season.al series, make up the radio service produced on tape. Four programs include farm news. They are a 15-minute daily complete program (6 days a week); a daily 7-minute open-end interview (6 days a week); a daily 4-minute open interview (6 days a week); and a weekly 15-minute complete program. The two complete programs include music, an interview, news and public service spots. Two of the remaining programs include homemaking material. They are a daily (5 days a week) 4-minute open-end interview and seven 1-minute spots per week. One·4-H program, 4 minutes in length, is produced each week. The seasonal program is on horticulture. It is 12 minutes in length and is produced from early spring until late summer or early fall. In addition to the above programs, the radio department staff provides a number of other programs and services. Sports interviews are provided in, 1-minute and 1-minute 30-second versions in season, particularly during football, basketball, wrestl1ng and track seasons. A program of news at South Dakota State University is produced weekly during the regular school year. This program is 10 minutes in length. . . . For the purpose of this study the agricultural tape service and the home economics programs are of primary importance. The other programs and services are important only as they relate to per cent of total time involved in their production. The radio department has one full-time employee. The agriculture tape service takes about two-thirds of that person\u27s available time; the remaining time is spent on the other programs and services which are offered

Somatostatin Analogues in the Treatment of Neuroendocrine Tumors: Past, Present and Future

In recent decades, the incidence of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) has steadily increased. Due to the slow-growing nature of these tumors and the lack of early symptoms, most cases are diagnosed at advanced stages, when curative treatment options are no longer available. Prognosis and survival of patients with NETs are determined by the location of the primary lesion, biochemical functional status, differentiation, initial staging, and response to treatment. Somatostatin analogue (SSA) therapy has been a mainstay of antisecretory therapy in functioning neuroendocrine tumors, which cause various clinical symptoms depending on hormonal hypersecretion. Beyond symptomatic management, recent research demonstrates that SSAs exert antiproliferative effects and inhibit tumor growth via the somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2). Both the PROMID (placebo-controlled, prospective, randomized study in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine midgut tumors) and the CLARINET (controlled study of lanreotide antiproliferative response in neuroendocrine tumors) trial showed a statistically significant prolongation of time to progression/progression-free survival (TTP/PFS) upon SSA treatment, compared to placebo. Moreover, the combination of SSA with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) in small intestinal NETs has proven efficacy in the phase 3 neuroendocrine tumours therapy (NETTER 1) trial. PRRT is currently being tested for enteropancreatic NETs versus everolimus in the COMPETE trial, and the potential of SSTR-antagonists in PRRT is now being evaluated in early phase I/II clinical trials. This review provides a synopsis on the pharmacological development of SSAs and their use as antisecretory drugs. Moreover, this review highlights the clinical evidence of SSAs in monotherapy, and in combination with other treatment modalities, as applied to the antiproliferative management of neuroendocrine tumors with special attention to recent high-quality phase III trials

A Comparison of Standard-Dose and High-Dose Epinephrine in Cardiac Arrest outside the Hospital

BACKGROUND. Experimental and uncontrolled clinical evidence suggests that intravenous epinephrine in doses higher than currently recommended may improve outcome after cardiac arrest. We conducted a prospective, multicenter study comparing standard-dose epinephrine with high-dose epinephrine in the management of cardiac arrest outside the hospital. METHODS. Adult patients were enrolled in the study if they remained in ventricular fibrillation, or if they had asystole or electromechanical dissociation, at the time the first drug was to be administered to treat the cardiac arrest. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either 0.02 mg of epinephrine per kilogram of body weight (standard-dose group, 632 patients) or 0.2 mg per kilogram (high-dose group, 648 patients), both given intravenously. RESULTS. In the standard-dose group 190 patients (30 percent) had a return of spontaneous circulation, as compared with 217 patients (33 percent) in the high-dose group; 136 patients (22 percent) in the standard-dose group and 145 patients (22 percent) in the high-dose group survived to be admitted to the hospital. Twenty-six patients (4 percent) in the standard-dose group and 31 (5 percent) in the high-dose group survived to discharge from the hospital. Ninety-two percent of the patients discharged in the standard-dose group and 94 percent in the high-dose group were conscious at the time of hospital discharge. None of the differences in outcome between the groups were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS. In this study, we were unable to demonstrate any difference in the overall rate of return of spontaneous circulation, survival to hospital admission, survival to hospital discharge, or neurologic outcome between patients treated with a standard dose of epinephrine and those treated with a high dose. (N Engl J Med 1992;327: 1051–5.

Incentive effects of self-enforcing contracts in international lending

Available from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel C 157418 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Elements of the Office Workspace

When examining office buildings in the world today, it is proper to look deeper at the correlation between productivity and the environments in which people work. In analyzing the office spaces, studies have shown that elements, such as the amount of natural light and views seen from each individual space can influence productivity. Designing an office environment in a manner that incorporates the natural environment works toward increasing productivity of workers occupying the building. Focusing on the qualitative aspects of the working environment, this research is directed towards the productivity of the office environment in relation to the natural environment. This thesis study is a geothermal office headquarters, located in the Maple Grove, MN. The focus of the office headquarters will be directed on sustainability and the comfort of the workers in a work environment. Keywords: Productivity, Natural environment, Office environmen

Synthesis and biological applications of anti-tuberculosis compounds.

Bedaquiline (BDQ) (1), is only one of three compounds approved for the treatment of tuberculosis in the last 45 years (Figure 1).¹⁻⁴ BDQ (1) is far from ideal; the current synthesis of BDQ (1) only nets a 1% overall yield, and requires chiral purification techniques.⁵ Additionally, it tends to show over- proportional accumulation in fatty tissues, and it is highly toxic in high doses.¹⁻⁴ The reported structure activity relations (SARs) show that BDQ (1) has two moieties, the core quinolone and the dimethylamino side chain, which are crucial for biological activity. The additional 2 aromatic fragments (phenyl ring C and naphthylmethyl D) are present to increase the drug’s lipophilicity and improve drug uptake. Ironically, the highly lipophilic structure of BDQ (1) is believed to be responsible for its over-proportional accumulation. Thus, bedaquiline analogues with a lower clogP are of substantial interest as safer, and less toxic alternatives. As part of this program of work, we are interested in the design and development of less lipophilic analogues of BDQ (1) as anti-TB agents with improved pharmacokinetic properties, and decreased side effects. 48 compounds were biologically tested, 10 of which have shown an IC50 of less than 55 µM, and are being developed further. The simplification of BDQ (1) has been thoroughly investigated through modeling, and it shows that not all moieties are required for activity. The development of a better synthetic route (the routes developed in this work typically net 97% overall yield), provides an excellent opportunity for BDQ (1) analogue development

International capital transfers with public guarantees: a principal-agent analysis

Available from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel C 162079 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Die Anwendung fremder Goldklauselgesetz? unter "besonderer Berücksichtigung der amerikanischen Joint Resolution vom 5. Juni 1933 und der deutschen Fremdwahrungsschuldengesetzgebung von 1936.

Diss. Hamburg.OPLADEN-RUG0

Selective and unspecific expropriation of foreign direct investments: empir. evidence and implications for the debt crisis

Available from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel C 157622 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Nutrition Education for Weight Control Programs for Children 6-12 Years Old.

Our objective is to study the effectiveness of nutrition education in children 6-12 years old who are obese, overweight or seeking nutritional advice in a group setting. Nutrition education was provided in two community groups: Shapedown program of New Ulm and Pediatric Therapy Services, Inc of Mankato. Study participants completed a survey of nutrition knowledge and a 24-hour diet record at the beginning and end of nutrition lessons. The lessons were taught once a week for ten weeks. Lessons included learning about the food guide pyramid, nutrition labels, portion sizes, healthy snacks, soda substitutes and restaurant eating. We have compared the pre and post surveys of one group and found the children\u27s nutritional knowledge improved after ten weeks of nutrition lessons. However, these children need parental support to help encourage healthy eating habits