Primer registro de Anastrepha pseudoparallela Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae) infestando pasifloras en Perú

Several species of the genus Anastrepha Schiner are associated to different hosts and have a great economic importance in fruit crops of the Neotropical region. Ripe and unripe fruits of six passion flowers species were sampled in Oxapampa during 2016 and 2018. Larvae of Anastrepha pseudoparallela Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae) were detected infesting fruits of Passiflora ambigua Hemsl and Passiflora quadrangularis L. For the first time, this fruit fly species is recorded attacking fruits of passion flowers in Peru.Diversas especies del género Anastrepha Schiner están asociadas a diferentes hospederos y tienen gran importancia económica en la fruticultura de la región Neotropical. Frutos maduros e inmaduros de seis especies de Passiflora L. fueron colectados en Oxapampa durante el 2016 y 2018. Larvas de Anastrepha pseudoparallela Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae) fueron encontradas infestando frutos de Passiflora ambigua Hemsl y Passiflora quadrangularis L. Por primera vez, esta especie de mosca es registrada atacando frutos de pasifloras en el Perú

Registro de lonqueidos (Diptera: Lochaeidae) en municipios del estado de Alagoas, Brasil.

Los estudios de moscas frugívoras en el estado de Alagoas, Brasil, se concentran en las especies denominadas moscas de las frutas (Tephritidae). Este reporte se refiere al registro de las especies de Neosilba en cinco municipios del estado de Alagoas: Neosilba bella, N. certa, N. glaberrima, N. inesperata, N. pendula y N. zadolicha

Shell beds from the Low Head Member (Polonez Cove Formation, early Oligocene) at King George Island, west Antarctica: new insights on facies analysis, taphonomy and environmental significance

Shell bed levels in the Low Head Member of the early Oligocene Polonez Cove Formation at King George Island, West Antarctica, are re-interpreted based on sedimentological and taphonomic data. The highly fossiliferous Polonez Cove Formation is characterized by basal coastal marine sandstones, overlain by conglomerates and breccias deposited in fan-delta systems. The shell beds are mainly composed of pectinid bivalve shells of Leoclunipecten gazdzickii and occur in the basal portion of the Low Head Member. Three main episodes of bioclastic deposition are recorded. Although these shell beds were previously interpreted as shelly tempestites, we present an alternative explanation: the low fragmentation rates and low size sorting of the bioclasts resulted from winnowing due to tidal currents (background or diurnal condition) in the original bivalve habitat. The final deposition (episodic condition) was associated with subaqueous gravity driven flows. This new interpretation fits with the scenario of a prograding fan-delta front, which transported shell accumulations for short distances near the depositional site, possibly between fair-weather and storm wave bases. This work raises the notion that not every shell bed with similar sedimentological and taphonomic features (such as geometry, basal contact, degree of packing and shell orientation in the matrix) is made in the same way.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

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No presente trabalho foram analisadas amostras de mão (carbonatos) provenientes da Formação Tagatiya Guazú, Grupo Itapucumí Paraguai (extremo sul da Faixa Dobrada Vallemí) e da Formação Tamengo Grupo Corumbá Brasil (Sul da Faixa Paraguai) todas do final do Ediacarano e lâminas delgadas confeccionadas a partir destas amostras e de outros carbonatos da Formação Tamengo e também provenientes da Formação Kuibis, Namíbia. Todas foram fotografadas e os diâmetros dos funis das espécies de Cloudina presentes medidos (tanto das amostras de mão quanto das lâminas delgadas). As medidas obtidas foram analisadas por técnicas estatísticas básicas e testes de normalidade, e não paramétricos (teste de Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis) e também teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov para se estabelecer possível semelhança entre as amostras, também se efetuou análises exploratórias de Escalamento Multidimensional não Métrico e Análise de Agrupamento. Os resultados obtidos permitiram estabelecer a presença de três espécies de Cloudina, sendo uma delas nova (C. lucianoi, C. riemkeae e C. latilabrum n. sp.). Também foi possível estabelecer relações ecológicas onde se concluiu que viveram em ambientes semelhantes, juntas temporalmente. Detectou-se a presença de C. riemkeae partir da comparação com as mensurações efetuadas no material proveniente da Namíbia e não foi detectada a presença de C. hartmannae na Faixa Paraguai. Propôs-se uma filoginia para as espécies presentes na Faixa Paraguai e o processo de especiação que teria levado a filogenia proposta. Amostra da Formação Tagatiya Guazú foi submetida a técnica de microtomografia de raio-X. A microtomografia de raio-X permitiu o estabelecimento de um novo organismo ou dubiofossil para o Final do Ediacarano, Virgula itapucumense interpretado como possuindo corpo mole, segmentado que foi considerado como engenheiro de ecossistema pela sua forma de vida, infauna provavelmente se alimentava de tapetes bacterianos, ou também pelotas de fezes de organsmos infaunais.In the present work were analyzed hand samples (carbonates), as well as thin sections from Tagatiya Guazú Formation, Itapucumí Group, Paraguay (Southern Vallemí Fold Belt) and from Tamengo Formation Group Corumbá, Brazil (Southern Paraguay Belt) from the end of Ediacaran period, and thin slides obtained from these samples and others carbonates from the same formations as well as from Kuibis Formation Namibia. All samples were photographed and the diameter of the funnels of species from Cloudina were measured (from hand samples and thin slides). The measurements were analyzed by simple statistics methods in order to determine mean, standard deviation and other parameters, normality tests were used, and nonparametric tests performed (Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis) and also the test of Kolmogorov- Smirnov, exploratory technics were applied in order to find any possible similarity between samples. Exploratory techniques NMMDS and Classical Clustering were applied to find affinities between samples. The results of statistical analyses led to the establishment of three species of Cloudina: C. riemkeae, C. lucianoi and C. latilabrum n. sp. in the Paraguay and Vallemí Belt. Also, ecological relations between these species living in the same habitat at the same time at the end of Ediacaran period were inferred. The presence of C. riemkeae was inferred by comparing the measurements of this species present in slides from Namibia with those slides and hand samples from Paraguay Belt. The presence of C. hartmannae was not detected in the Paraguay Belt. A phylogeny for the species of Cloudina present in the Paraguay Belt was proposed as well as a process of speciation that led to this phylogeny. A sample from Tagatiya Guazú was used in X-Ray microtomography. The results of X-Ray Microtomography led to the establishment of a new fossil organism or at least a dubiofossil at the end of Ediacaran period that has soft body and was segmented named Virgula itapucumense, that was considered an ecosystem engineer due to its life mode, infaunal and feeding in bacterial mat, or feces pellets of infaunal organisms

not available

No presente trabalho foram analisadas amostras de mão (carbonatos) provenientes da Formação Tagatiya Guazú, Grupo Itapucumí Paraguai (extremo sul da Faixa Dobrada Vallemí) e da Formação Tamengo Grupo Corumbá Brasil (Sul da Faixa Paraguai) todas do final do Ediacarano e lâminas delgadas confeccionadas a partir destas amostras e de outros carbonatos da Formação Tamengo e também provenientes da Formação Kuibis, Namíbia. Todas foram fotografadas e os diâmetros dos funis das espécies de Cloudina presentes medidos (tanto das amostras de mão quanto das lâminas delgadas). As medidas obtidas foram analisadas por técnicas estatísticas básicas e testes de normalidade, e não paramétricos (teste de Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis) e também teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov para se estabelecer possível semelhança entre as amostras, também se efetuou análises exploratórias de Escalamento Multidimensional não Métrico e Análise de Agrupamento. Os resultados obtidos permitiram estabelecer a presença de três espécies de Cloudina, sendo uma delas nova (C. lucianoi, C. riemkeae e C. latilabrum n. sp.). Também foi possível estabelecer relações ecológicas onde se concluiu que viveram em ambientes semelhantes, juntas temporalmente. Detectou-se a presença de C. riemkeae partir da comparação com as mensurações efetuadas no material proveniente da Namíbia e não foi detectada a presença de C. hartmannae na Faixa Paraguai. Propôs-se uma filoginia para as espécies presentes na Faixa Paraguai e o processo de especiação que teria levado a filogenia proposta. Amostra da Formação Tagatiya Guazú foi submetida a técnica de microtomografia de raio-X. A microtomografia de raio-X permitiu o estabelecimento de um novo organismo ou dubiofossil para o Final do Ediacarano, Virgula itapucumense interpretado como possuindo corpo mole, segmentado que foi considerado como engenheiro de ecossistema pela sua forma de vida, infauna provavelmente se alimentava de tapetes bacterianos, ou também pelotas de fezes de organsmos infaunais.In the present work were analyzed hand samples (carbonates), as well as thin sections from Tagatiya Guazú Formation, Itapucumí Group, Paraguay (Southern Vallemí Fold Belt) and from Tamengo Formation Group Corumbá, Brazil (Southern Paraguay Belt) from the end of Ediacaran period, and thin slides obtained from these samples and others carbonates from the same formations as well as from Kuibis Formation Namibia. All samples were photographed and the diameter of the funnels of species from Cloudina were measured (from hand samples and thin slides). The measurements were analyzed by simple statistics methods in order to determine mean, standard deviation and other parameters, normality tests were used, and nonparametric tests performed (Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis) and also the test of Kolmogorov- Smirnov, exploratory technics were applied in order to find any possible similarity between samples. Exploratory techniques NMMDS and Classical Clustering were applied to find affinities between samples. The results of statistical analyses led to the establishment of three species of Cloudina: C. riemkeae, C. lucianoi and C. latilabrum n. sp. in the Paraguay and Vallemí Belt. Also, ecological relations between these species living in the same habitat at the same time at the end of Ediacaran period were inferred. The presence of C. riemkeae was inferred by comparing the measurements of this species present in slides from Namibia with those slides and hand samples from Paraguay Belt. The presence of C. hartmannae was not detected in the Paraguay Belt. A phylogeny for the species of Cloudina present in the Paraguay Belt was proposed as well as a process of speciation that led to this phylogeny. A sample from Tagatiya Guazú was used in X-Ray microtomography. The results of X-Ray Microtomography led to the establishment of a new fossil organism or at least a dubiofossil at the end of Ediacaran period that has soft body and was segmented named Virgula itapucumense, that was considered an ecosystem engineer due to its life mode, infaunal and feeding in bacterial mat, or feces pellets of infaunal organisms

Anthropogenic factors driven phosphorus contents in Salto Grande Reservoir sediments, São Paulo State (SE Brazil)

Phosphorus is an essential element for life and, when scarce, this macronutrient is a limiting factor for primary production. Phosphorus (P) is a widely used element in the composition of fertilizers, besides being present in large quantities in domestic effluents. Its accumulation in the springs is related to the proliferation of algae and cyanobacteria. In excess, P is a pollutant that contributes greatly to the eutrophication, development of reduced conditions and deterioration of water bodies. In order to understand how the anthropogenic action affected the accumulation of P in the freshwater reservoir of Salto Grande, Americana City (São Paulo State, Brazil), the evaluation of a temporal sedimentary record was carried out. For this purpose, a sediment core collected in the reservoir of Salto Grande was studied. The sediment core recorded the reservoir history since its filling in 1950. The comparison of P concentrations along the core with the population growth curve indicates that the population growth in the surrounding region has had a direct impact on the accumulation of P in the freshwater reservoir of Salto Grande. The eutrophication history of this major continental ecosystem of São Paulo State, was reflected by this sewage-derived from loading of P