Pulse-height defect due to electron interaction in dead layers of Ge/Li/ gamma-ray detectors

Study shows the pulse-height degradation of gamma ray spectra in germanium/lithium detectors to be due to electron interaction in the dead layers that exist in all semiconductor detectors. A pulse shape discrimination technique identifies and eliminates these defective pulses

Splitting of liftings in products of probability spaces

We prove that if (X,\mathfrakA,P) is an arbitrary probability space with countably generated \sigma-algebra \mathfrakA, (Y,\mathfrakB,Q) is an arbitrary complete probability space with a lifting \rho and \hat R is a complete probability measure on \mathfrakA \hat \otimes_R \mathfrakB determined by a regular conditional probability {S_y:y\in Y} on \mathfrakA with respect to \mathfrakB, then there exist a lifting \pi on (X\times Y,\mathfrakA \hat \otimes_R \mathfrakB,\hat R) and liftings \sigma_y on (X,\hat \mathfrakA_y,\hat S_y), y\in Y, such that, for every E\in\mathfrakA \hat \otimes_R \mathfrakB and every y\in Y, [\pi(E)]^y=\sigma_y\bigl([\pi(E)]^y\bigr). Assuming the absolute continuity of R with respect to P\otimes Q, we prove the existence of a regular conditional probability {T_y:y\in Y} and liftings \varpi on (X\times Y,\mathfrakA \hat \otimes_R \mathfrakB,\hat R), \rho' on (Y,\mathfrakB,\hat Q) and \sigma_y on (X,\hat \mathfrakA_y,\hat S_y), y\in Y, such that, for every E\in\mathfrakA \hat \otimes_R \mathfrakB and every y\in Y, [\varpi(E)]^y=\sigma_y\bigl([\varpi(E)]^y\bigr) and \varpi(A\times B)=\bigcup_{y\in\rho'(B)}\sigma_y(A)\times{y}\qquadif A\times B\in\mathfrakA\times\mathfrakB. Both results are generalizations of Musia\l, Strauss and Macheras [Fund. Math. 166 (2000) 281-303] to the case of measures which are not necessarily products of marginal measures. We prove also that liftings obtained in this paper always convert \hat R-measurable stochastic processes into their \hat R-measurable modifications.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000018 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

Model-Independent Measurement of the Primordial Power Spectrum

In inflationary models with minimal amount of gravity waves, the primordial power spectrum of density fluctuations, $A_S^2(k)$, together with the basic cosmological parameters, completely specify the predictions for the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy and large scale structure. Here we show how we can strongly constrain both $A_S^2(k)$ and the cosmological parameters by combining the data from the Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP) and the galaxy redshift survey from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We allow $A_S^2(k)$ to be a free function, and thus probe features in the primordial power spectrum on all scales. MAP and SDSS have scale-dependent measurement errors that decrease in opposite directions on astrophysically interesting scales; they complement each other and allow the measurement of the primordial power spectrum independent of inflationary models, giving us valuable information on physics in the early Universe, and providing clues to the correct inflationary model.Comment: 4 pages including 4 figures. To appear in "Particle Physics and the Early Universe (COSMO-98)", editor David O. Caldwell (American Institute of Physics

Asymptotics from scaling for nonlinear wave equations

We present a scaling technique which transforms the evolution problem for a nonlinear wave equation with small initial data to a linear wave equation with a distributional source. The exact solution of the latter uniformly approximates the late-time behavior of solutions of the nonlinear problem in timelike and null directions.Comment: 14 pages; minor changes (notation, typos

Don't stop the song and dance: an evaluation of Write Dance practices in schools and early years settings

This evaluation explored the significance of physical movement and dance (known as Write Dance) to teach handwriting. The results highlight teacher observation in young children's mark-making, handwriting and the children's willingness to write and draw. Very young children demonstrated that they have greater enthusiasm and motivation to write and draw when teachers and practitioners plan dynamic, physical (dance) activities. Principally the message is; teachers and practitioners need to understand the importance of teaching gross-motor movements for handwriting. Furthermore, music and dance motivates children to engage with handwriting

Sharp thresholds of blow-up and global existence for the coupled nonlinear Schrodinger system

In this paper, we establish two new types of invariant sets for the coupled nonlinear Schrodinger system on $\mathbb{R}^n$, and derive two sharp thresholds of blow-up and global existence for its solution. Some analogous results for the nonlinear Schrodinger system posed on the hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}^n$ and on the standard 2-sphere $\mathbb{S}^2$ are also presented. Our arguments and constructions are improvements of some previous works on this direction. At the end, we give some heuristic analysis about the strong instability of the solitary waves.Comment: 21 page