Close Reading Strategies & Reading Comprehension

One large area of reading struggle for many students is reading comprehension. With the implementation of the Common Core State Standards comes an increase in complex texts in classrooms and the skills needed to successfully be able to read and comprehend such texts. Students need to be able to peel back the layers of the complex texts they are responsible for reading so they can reach the underlying meaning. In other words, students are being asked to close read. Due to close readings emphasis on breaking down texts to reach meaning, teachers are teaching some close reading strategies to their students. This study focuses on the close reading strategy of text coding. Text coding allows students to track their thinking and leave notes, or codes, as they read a given text. With teachers being responsible for helping students to become college and career ready, they will need strategies to pull from to help their students successfully comprehend complex texts. This study takes a look at how effective the strategy of text coding is in doing so

YZGD pyridoxal phosphatase from P. thiaminolyticus; subcloning, expression, and purification for x-ray crystallography structure determination

The HAD superfamily contains enzymes that catalyze carbon or phosphate transfer reactions. One family within the HAD superfamily is the p-nitrophenyl phosphatase (PNPPase) family. Members of this family are all phosphatases that cleave the substrate analog pnitrophenyl phosphate, in addition to their biologically significant substrate. Interestingly, among the small number of family members that have been characterized, there is a wide variety of biologically relevant activities. YZGD from Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus has pyridoxal phosphatase activity, catalyzed by a HAD superfamily domain, as well as a CDP-alcohol/sugar nucleotide hydrolase activity, catalyzed by a Nudix hydrolase domain. Determining the structure of this enzyme would result in valuable information to contribute to our knowledge and understanding of the HAD superfamily and the Nudix hydrolase superfamily. Sufficient quantities of sufficiently pure YZGD are necessary to perform x-ray crystal structure determination. A histidine tag was added to the enzyme so that it can be purified by nickel affinity chromatography. This was done by cloning the gene into pET19b, a plasmid containing a sequence encoding a string of ~10 histidines, and expressing the protein in Escherichia coli BLR(DE3). The tagged YZGD expresses well, is soluble, and retains full activity. It appears to be completely purified by nickel affinity chromatography. This will now allow YZGD to be purified in large quantities, crystallized, and its structure determined

Flexible Resolution of Authorisation Conflicts in Distributed Systems

Flexible Resolution of Authorisation Conflicts in Distributed System

Thermochemical properties of different 1-(R-phenyl)-1H-imidazoles

© 2016 Elsevier B.V.Phenyl substituted imidazoles exhibit versatile biological activity. 1-(R-phenyl)-1H-imidazoles with different functional groups R provide a convenient suitcase of molecules with tunable physicochemical properties adjustable for many practical applications. In this work, the absolute vapor pressures of 1-(R-phenyl)-1H-imidazoles (with R = H, 2-methyl, 4-methyl, 2-methoxy, 4-methoxy, 2-fluoro, 4-fluoro, 2-bromo and 4-bromo) at different temperatures have been measured by the transpiration method for the first time. The standard enthalpies of vaporization of these compounds were derived from the temperature dependencies of the vapor pressures. An internal consistency of the standard vaporization enthalpies has been proven by comparison with vaporization enthalpies of parent species, as well as by a group contribution method. A system of group-additivity values is suggested for a quick assessment of vaporization enthalpies of different 1-(R-phenyl)-1H-imidazoles. Gas-phase standard molar enthalpies of formation of 1-(R-phenyl)-1H-imidazoles have been calculated using the high-level quantum-chemical method G3MP2. The combination of experimentally determined standard vaporization enthalpies with the G3MP2 results allows for the prediction of the liquid-phase standard enthalpies of formation for the studied compounds

Thermochemical Properties of Tunable Aryl Alkyl Ionic Liquids (TAAILs) based on Phenyl-1H-imidazoles

© 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, WeinheimVaporization enthalpies of five different imidazolium based Tunable Aryl Alkyl Ionic Liquids (TAAILs) with a common bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([NTf2]) anion were measured using a Quartz Crystalline Microbalance (QCM) and by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The counter anion and the alkyl chain of these imidazolium-based ionic liquids with one N-aryl and one N-alkyl substituent were kept constant to study the influence of the ortho- and para-substituted aryl moieties on the vaporization enthalpies of these ionic liquids. For comparison, enthalpies of vaporization measured at elevated temperatures were adjusted to the reference temperature 298 K. Structure-property relations between TAAILs and similarly shaped corresponding 1-(R-phenyl)-imidazoles were analyzed. An incremental approach to predict vaporization enthalpies of ionic liquids by group contributions was suggested. The procedure is based on vaporization enthalpy of a starting IL and group contributions well established from molecular compounds

Jump Starting and Moving New Technologies to Marketplace

The highway from research in the laboratory to market success has many detours and on/off ramps that are at best confusing to inventors and the populace. Success from technology-based economic development is the outcome of the efforts of many individuals across the private and public economic development ecosystem. In this session we will highlight the issues of technology-based economic development, including legal, capital and service provider solutions that have been successfully employed to lower barriers to innovation-driven economic development. In addition to the social and economic aspects derived from the development of human capital at universities, panel members will discuss the significant contributions to job creation and economic vitality in the communities where our campuses are located and the diffusion of this economic impact across the state

Production of Single W Bosons at LEP

We report on the observation of single W boson production in a data sample collected by the L3 detector at LEP2. The signal consists of large missing energy final states with a single energetic lepton or two hadronic jets. The cross-section is measured to be $0.61^{+0.43}_{-0.33} \pm 0.05 \; \rm{pb}$ at the centre of mass energy \sqrt{s}=172 \GeV{}, consistent with the Standard Model expectation. From this measurement the following limits on the anomalous $\gamma$WW gauge couplings are derived at 95\% CL: $\rm -3.6 \Delta \kappa_\gamma 1.5$ and $\rm -3.6 \lambda_\gamma 3.6$