The effect of ownership history on the valuation of objects

THE EFFECT OF OWNERSHIP HISTORY ON THE VALUATION OF OBJECTS The effect of ownership history on the valuation of objects (-

Cat Scratch Disease Presenting as Fever of Unknown Origin Is a Unique Clinical Syndrome

AbstractBackgroundFever of unknown origin (FUO) is a rare manifestation of cat scratch disease (CSD). Data regarding CSD-associated FUO (CSD-FUO), particularly in adults, are limited. We aimed to study disease manifestations and long-term clinical outcome.MethodsA national CSD surveillance study has been conducted in Israel since 1991. Data are obtained using questionnaires, review of medical records, and telephone interviews. FUO was defined as fever of ≥14 days without an identifiable cause. CSD-FUO patients were identified in the 2004–2017 CSD national registry. Follow-up included outpatient clinic visits and telephone/e-mail surveys.ResultsThe study included 66 CSD-FUO patients. Median age was 35.5 years (range, 3–88). Median fever duration was 4 weeks (range, 2–9). Relapsing fever pattern was reported in 52% of patients, weight loss in 57%, and night sweats in 48%. Involvement of ≥1 organs occurred in 59% of patients; hepatosplenic space-occupying lesions (35%), abdominal/mediastinal lymphadenopathy (20%), ocular disease (18%), and multifocal osteomyelitis (6%) were the most common. Malignancy, particularly lymphoma, was the initial radiological interpretation in 21% of patients; 32% underwent invasive diagnostic procedures. Of the 59 patients available for follow-up (median duration, 31 weeks; range, 4–445), 95% had complete recovery; 3 patients remained with ocular sequelae.ConclusionThis is the first attempt to characterize CSD-FUO as a unique syndrome that may be severe and debilitating and often mimics malignancy. Relapsing fever is a common clinical phenotype. Multiorgan involvement is common. Recovery was complete in all patients except in those with ocular disease.</jats:sec

Losing from Naive Reinforcement Learning: A Survival Analysis of Individual Repurchase Decisions

This paper applies survival analysis to individual trading data from a discount brokerage firm, and documents significant individual-level repurchase bias, investors' tendency to disproportionately repurchase more previously sold winners than losers. Investor sophistication and experience mitigated the bias, but generated asymmetric effects: the most sophisticated/experienced investors' tendency to avoid prior losers were almost completely eliminated, but they were still over twice more likely to repurchase prior winners. Limited attention, chasing past performance and risk-adjusted returns could not justify the asymmetry. This suggests one reason for loss from frequent trading was persistent naive reinforcement learning in repurchasing prior winners