On Chiral Mesons in AdS/CFT

We analyze the spectra of non-chiral and chiral bifundamental mesons arising on intersecting D7-branes in $AdS_{5}\times S^{5}$. In the absence of magnetic flux on the curve of intersection, the spectrum is non-chiral, and the dual gauge theory is conformal in the quenched/probe approximation. For this case we calculate the dimensions of the bifundamental mesonic operators. We then consider magnetization of the D7-branes, which deforms the dual theory by an irrelevant operator and renders the mesons chiral. The magnetic flux spoils the conformality of the dual theory, and induces a D3-brane charge that becomes large in the ultraviolet, where the non-normalizable bifundamental modes are rapidly divergent. An ultraviolet completion is therefore necessary to calculate the correlation functions in the chiral case. On the other hand, the normalizable modes are very well localized in the infrared, leading to new possibilities for local model-building on intersecting D7-branes in warped geometries.Comment: 32 pages, 4 figure

Green tea antioxidants inhibition of oxidation and mutation

Green tea is a complex mixture containing several major potent antioxidants e.g., flavins and/or polyphenols. These antioxidants in green tea may react directly or indirectly with strong oxidizers e.g. peroxynitrite or its constituents (superoxide or nitric oxide). Green tea antioxidants can destroy the oxidants. Based on a simple chemical interaction of peroxynitrite (OONO-) and luminol, blue light is produced upon oxidation. It was shown that green tea and constituents have light inhibitory capabilities. In order to show the possible beneficial effects of green tea with DNA, plasmids were chosen to determine whether or not green tea was also capable of preventing oxidative based damage (mutations). It can be deduced that there are multiple levels of antioxidative protection. First, antioxidants can destroy the pieces of peroxynitrite (·O2 and ·NO), protect from peroxynitrite itself, or protect from the damage caused to DNA by peroxynitrite

Nonphotochemical hole burning and the nature of amorphous solids

Nonphotochemical hole burning in the absorption spectra of impurity molecules dissolved in amorphous solids has been studied for several impurity-host systems. These systems are divided into four classes according to holeburning occurrence and hole shape. The hole formation mechanism and possible explanations for each class of holes are discussed;Hole burning of tetracene in 3:2:2 glycerol/dimethylsulfoxide/N,N-dimethylformamide was studied as a function of burn temperature (T(,B)), and annealing (hole disappearance) was studied for T \u3e T(,B). Hole widths show that the pure dephasing of the impurity electronic state is orders of magnitude faster than found in crystalline media. This anomalously fast dephasing is explained by a theory considering the excited impurity to interact with two level systems (TLSs) in the host solid which undergo rapid phonon assisted tunneling transitions involving very low frequency phonons. The high temperature limit, where the dephasing frequency is linear in T, occurs in this theory for T(, )\u3c(, )1K, providing an estimate of the width of the distribution function f((epsilon)), where (epsilon) denotes the TLS asymmetry. The relationship between this theory and similar theories for TLS dephasing of fluorescence transitions of rare earth ions in inorganic glasses is discussed. A new interpretation for the fluorescence linewidths of Pr(\u273+) in inorganic glasses using the theory described here and the two-phonon Raman line broadening theory is given;A new theory is developed to explain the annealing process. TheTLS barrier height is allowed to vary with the order parameter of anorder-disorder transition assumed to be characteristic of amorphoussolids. A constant distribution of critical temperatures based on thedegree of local ordering of the host solid gives a linear intensitydecrease with annealing temperature as observed for thermallyactivated barrier crossings. This theory is shown to be consistent;with the hole formation and dephasing theories and all existing data;(\u271)DOE Report IS-T-963. This work was performed under contractW-7405-eng-82 with the Department of Energy

CLINICIANS PERSPECTIVES WHEN TREATING ADULTS IN POVERTY LIVING WITH ANXIETY DISORDERS

The study explored the perceptions of clinical therapists who have conducted treatment on adults who live in poverty with an anxiety related disorder. Previous studies have discussed the relationship between poverty and the development of anxiety related disorders, while others have discussed the negative impacts anxiety can have on physical health, mental health, and social functioning. To improve the efficacy of therapeutic intervention for low income adults with anxiety related disorders, the study explored what clinicians believe are the most effective aspects of therapy to utilize. The study elicited qualitative data, reflecting on the experiences of ten participants who had at least two years of clinical practice with low income adults who suffered from an anxiety disorder. The data was collected through face-to-face interviews, and analyzed the challenges and successes that therapists experienced in their clinical practice. The study found that clinicians viewed cognitive-behavioral approaches as the most effective treatment model when treating this population. The study also revealed that clinical practice experience was perceived to lead to higher rates of positive treatment outcomes. Based on the findings of the study, we recommend that that clinical social workers and agencies continue to utilize and adapt cognitive behavioral approaches when treating low-income adults who suffer from anxiety related disorders

Experimental Evaluation of Low-Cost Gas Heat Pump Prototypes for Building Space Heating

This paper presents the experimental evaluation of two packaged prototype single-effect ammonia-water absorption heat pump systems designed to provide 23.45 kW of space heating with a cycle COP of 1.65 at ambient air and hydronic return temperatures of 8.3°C and 38.3°C, respectively. These prototypes were fabricated with materials and methods that would allow for mass production and significantly reduce total system cost when compared to commercially available absorption heat pump systems. Both prototypes were investigated at their design ambient and hydronic return temperatures, and performed within 95% of their target. Their performance was investigated for a range of ambient and hydronic return temperatures to allow for characterization of system performance. The impact of parasitic power on overall heat pump COP and reduction strategies were investigated. The ability to modulate system output was investigated and both units were able to achieve 4:1 modulation. Performance of the single-effect prototypes was compared to that of a commercially available GAX absorption heat pump system and was found to be comparable.  Additional testing on one of the prototypes was performed to estimate the Annualized Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) for the climate region IV.  An economic payback of 3-5 years compared to a condensing boiler was predicted based on the projected cost and measured performance of the prototypes.

Standards for Determining Child Support Obligations in Alaska

The State of Alask

Suburban Deer Management: A Matter of Perspective

Many metropolitan areas in the eastern United States are experiencing management conflicts associated with overabundant deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations. Sometimes these deer populations exceed the biological carrying capacity of available habitat and wildlife acceptance capacity (Decker and Purdy 1988) of local residents. For nearly 2 decades, a deer management controversy has been developing in Durand Eastman Park and the Town of Irondequoit, located in the greater Rochester metropolitan area, Monroe County, New York. Three local citizen organizations concerned about deer are described, and each has promoted various nonhunting alternatives to reduce human-deer problems. For 15 years, the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) has promoted liberal archery seasons as the preferred alternative for reducing deer numbers, although the discharge of bow and arrows is prohibited within the Town of Irondequoit and Durand Eastman Park by local laws. During 1992, DEC and Cornell Cooperative Extension (CCE) organized a Citizen Task Force (CTF) in an attempt to resolve this controversy and reach consensus with community leaders concerning future deer management objectives and alternatives. CTF members exhibited a wide range of values and attitudes concerning suburban deer management. A deer management plan was developed and implemented based on CTF recommendations. This case study emphasizes the need for integrating both the biological and human dimensions to resolve suburban wildlife management issues

Human Dimensions of Contraception in Wildlife Management

Wildlife damage management was so much simpler in the good old days. If deer (Odocoileus virginianus), beaver (Castor canadensis), or other animals were a problem in a particular situation, people simply had them shot, trapped, or poisoned. Not many years ago, most people would go along with this approach, and those who didn\u27t like it were marginalized as the radical fringe. Not so today. Greater and more diverse segments of the public want a say in what professionals decide to do with their wildlife. The public wants to participate in setting objectives for management and in approving the methods for accomplishing those objectives. Kania and Conover (1991) emphasized that wildlife agencies should respond to these societal changes rather than resist them, thereby enhancing the value of the wildlife resource for all people. Changes in sociopolitical values have resulted in more stakeholder groups who want to be included in wildlife management decisions today than at any other time since the advent of applied wildlife management in North America (Curtis and Richmond 1992)

Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, vol. 85

Covering Leg 85 of the cruises of the Drilling Vessel Glomar Challenger Los Angeles, California, to Honolulu, Hawaii March-April 1982. Includes six chapters: 1. INTRODUCTION: BACKGROUND AND EXPLANATORY NOTES, DEEP SEA DRILLING PROJECT LEG 85, CENTRAL EQUATORIAL PACIFIC 2. SITE 571 3. SITE 572 4. SITE 573 5. SITE 574 6. SITE 57

Transduction of a dominant-negative H-Ras into human eosinophils attenuates extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation and interleukin-5-mediated cell viability

Inhibition of eosinophil apoptosis by exposure to interleukin-5 (IL-5) is associated with the development of tissue eosinophilia and may contribute to the inflammation characteristic of asthma. Analysis of the signaling events associated with this process has been hampered by the inability to efficiently manipulate eosinophils by the introduction of active or inhibitory effector molecules. Evidence is provided, using a dominantnegative N17 H-Ras protein (dn-H-Ras) and MEK inhibitor U0126, that activation of the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway plays a determining role in the prolongation of eosinophil survival by IL-5. For these studies, a small region of the human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein, a protein transduction domain known to enter mammalian cells efficiently, was fused to the N-terminus of dn-H-Ras. The Tat-dn-HRas protein generated from this construct transduced isolated human blood eosinophils at more than 95% efficiency. When Tat-dn-H-Ras-transduced eosinophils were treated with IL-5, they exhibited a time- and dosage-dependent reduction in extracellular regulated kinase 1 and 2 activation and an inhibition of p90 Rsk1 phosphorylation and IL-5-mediated eosinophil survival in vitro. In contrast, Tat-dn-H-Ras did not inhibit CD11b upregulation or STAT5 tyrosine phosphorylation. These data demonstrate that Tat dominant-negative protein transduction can serve as an important and novel tool in studying primary myeloid cell signal transduction in primary leukocytes and can implicate the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway in IL-5-initiated eosinophil survival