Diversity in Mental Health Among Generations in the LGBTQI Community

This study captured the various mental health impacts among youth, younger adults, and older adults in the LGBTQI community. The LGBTQI community embodies a diverse set of subgroups that includes youth, younger adults, and older adults. Many in the LGBTQI community face prejudice, discrimination, harassment, and even rejection from family members. Youth and younger adults in LGBTQI communities are often victims of school violence, as well as intimate partner violence, and typically show signs of psychosocial adjustment disorder and psychological distress. LGBTQI older adults, although have a high incidence of social isolation and depression, are shown to be more resilient over psychological stressors compared to LGBTQI youth and younger adults. Recommended Citation Stone, J. L., & Harris, T. S. (2020, October 1-2). Diversity in mental health among generations in the LGBTQI community [Poster presentation]. Walden University Research Conference 2020 (online). https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/researchconference/2020/posters/20

A quantum mechanical model of the upper bounds of the cascading contribution to the second hyperpolarizability

Microscopic cascading of second-order nonlinearities between two molecules has been proposed to yield an enhanced third-order molecular nonlinear-optical response. In this contribution, we investigate the two-molecule cascaded second hyperpolarizability and show that it will never exceed the fundamental limit of a single molecule with the same number of electrons as the two-molecule system. We show the apparent divergence behavior of the cascading contribution to the second hyperpolarizability vanishes when properly taking into account the intermolecular interactions. Although cascading can never lead to a larger nonlinear-optical response than a single molecule, it provides alternative molecular design configurations for creating materials with large third-order susceptibilities that may be difficult to design into a single molecule.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures, 1 tabl

Eccentric Resistance Training in Adults with and without Spinal Cord Injuries

International Journal of Exercise Science 10(1): 154-165, 2017 The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of active lower body eccentric resistance training (ERT) in individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) and controls (CON). Specifically, the study was designed to determine if those with iSCI adapt similarly to ERT as CON participants as well as the overall safety and efficacy of ERT in this population. This pilot investigation involved the recruitment of persons with iSCI (n = 3) and age- and sex-matched able-bodied CON (n = 3). The 8-week intervention focused on building lower extremity eccentric strength by progressively increasing the duration and intensity of training sessions. Control participants completed the same training intervention. Main outcome measures were eccentric strength (eccentric ergometer), isometric strength (hand held dynamometer), and leg muscle mass (DEXA). All participants completed the ERT. At posttest, eccentric strength improved from pretest (p = .044, ηp2 = .68) with similar changes between groups (p \u3e .05). The percent improvement in isometric strength for those with iSCI (41.5%) was different than CON (-2.8%) after training (p = .044). Neither group demonstrated muscle mass gains at posttest (p \u3e .05). Active lower body ERT is well tolerated and effective at increasing lower extremity strength in those with iSCI. These adaptations are likely attributable to neuromuscular development rather than a hypertrophic response

A contribution to the development of wide band-gap nonlinear optical and laser materials

The primary focus of this work is on examining structure-property relationships of interest for high-power nonlinear optical and laser crystals. An intuitive and simply illustrated method for assessing the nonlinear optical potential of structurally characterized noncentrosymmetric materials is introduced. This method is applied to materials including common quartz and tourmaline and then extended to synthetic materials including borates, silicates, aluminates, and phosphates. Particularly, the contributions of symmetric tetrahedral and triangular anionic groups are inspected. It is shown that both types of groups significantly contribute to the optical frequency converting abilities of noncentrosymmetric crystals. In this study, several known materials are included as well as several new materials. The roles of the orientation, composition, and packing density of these anionic groups are also discussed. The structures and optical properties of the known materials BPO₄, NaAlO₂, LaCa₄O(BO₃)₃, and tourmaline; the new compounds La₀.₈Y₀.₂Sc₃(BO₃)₄ and Ba₂B₁₀O₁₇; and the laser host Sr₃Y₀.₇₅Yb₀.₂₅(B0₃)₃ are described

Using mammographic density to predict breast cancer risk: dense area or percentage dense area.

INTRODUCTION: Mammographic density (MD) is one of the strongest risk factors for breast cancer. It is not clear whether this association is best expressed in terms of absolute dense area or percentage dense area (PDA). METHODS: We measured MD, including nondense area (here a surrogate for weight), in the mediolateral oblique (MLO) mammogram using a computer-assisted thresholding technique for 634 cases and 1,880 age-matched controls from the Cambridge and Norwich Breast Screening programs. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the risk of breast cancer, and fits of the models were compared using likelihood ratio tests and the Bayesian information criteria (BIC). All P values were two-sided. RESULTS: Square-root dense area was the best single predictor (for example, χ₁² = 53.2 versus 44.4 for PDA). Addition of PDA and/or square-root nondense area did not improve the fit (both P > 0.3). Addition of nondense area improved the fit of the model with PDA (χ₁² = 11.6; P < 0.001). According to the BIC, the PDA and nondense area model did not provide a better fit than the dense area alone model. The fitted values of the two models were highly correlated (r = 0.97). When a measure of body size is included with PDA, the predicted risk is almost identical to that from fitting dense area alone. CONCLUSIONS: As a single parameter, dense area provides more information than PDA on breast cancer risk

Predicting academic misconduct intentions and behavior using the theory of planned behavior and personality

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Basic and Applied Social Psychology on February 23, 2010, available online: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01973530903539895?journalCode=hbas20The efficacy of Azjen’s (1985; 1991) Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) for the prediction of cheating intentions and behaviors was examined in a sample of 241 business undergraduates. Mediated structural equation models of the TPB, with personality constructs, adjustment and prudence, as antecedents were examined. The TPB model explained 21% of the variance in cheating intentions and 36% of cheating behavior. Results support both the TPB model and a partially mediated model in which prudence, but not adjustment, is significantly related to model components, attitudes, norms, control and behavior but not intention to cheat. These results suggest the TPB model may parsimoniously integrate and advance academic misconduct research. Further TPB research and practical implications are discussed.Ye

Academic integrity: The relationship between individual and situational factors on misconduct contemplations

The version of record of this article, first published in Journal of Business Ethics, is available online at Publisher’s website: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10551-006-9260-9Recent, well-publicized scandals, involving unethical conduct have rekindled interest in academic misconduct. Prior studies of academic misconduct have focused exclusively on situational factors (e.g., integrity culture, honor codes), demographic variables or personality constructs. We contend that it is important to also examine how these classes of variables interact to influence perceptions of and intentions relating to academic misconduct. In a sample of business students, we examined how integrity culture interacts with Prudence and Adjustment to explain variance in estimated frequency of cheating, suspicions of cheating, considering cheating and reporting cheating. Age, integrity culture, and personality variables were significantly related to different criteria. Overall, personality variables explained the most unique variance in academic misconduct, and Adjustment interacted with integrity culture, such that integrity culture had more influence on intentions to cheat for less well adjusted individuals. Implications for practice are discussed and future research directions are offered.Ye

Using the Theory of Planned Behavior and cheating justifications to predict academic misconduct

This author accepted manuscript is deposited under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC) license. This means that anyone may distribute, adapt, and build upon the work for non-commercial purposes, subject to full attribution. If you wish to use this manuscript for commercial purposes, please contact [email protected]: The purpose of this paper is to show that academic misconduct appears to be on the rise; some research has linked academic misconduct to unethical workplace behaviors. Unlike previous empirically‐driven research, this theory‐based study seeks to examine the usefulness of a modification of Ajzen's theory of planned behavior to predict academic misconduct. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 271 students enrolled at a US university were surveyed. Structural equation modeling was used to test the model. Findings: The modified theory of a planned behavior model in which intentions and justifications both serve as antecedents to behavior fits the data well. The model accounted for 22 per cent of the variance in intentions to cheat and 47 per cent of the variance in self‐reported cheating. Research limitations/implications: The primary limitations of this research are the cross‐sectional research design, the self‐selected sample, and the single source of survey data. Practical implications: The study extends the TPB model in the prediction of misconduct behavior. Attitudes, subjective norms, behavioral control, intentions and justifications were related to cheating behaviors. Academic misconduct may be reduced by shaping attitudes toward cheating, changing perceptions of subjective norms regarding the prevalence of cheating, and lowering students' perceptions of their control of cheating by, for example, emphasis on the consequences of getting caught. Understanding and reducing academic misconduct are important for promoting ethical behavior and values in future worker and organization leaders. Originality/value: Identification of factors that influence academic misconduct is an important aspect of professional development research, given its link to workplace misconduct. To date, academic misconduct research has been primarily empirically‐ rather than theory‐driven. The current study identifies factors that contribute to academic misconduct by extending an established theoretical model of behavior.Ye

Role conflict and burnout: The direct and moderating effects of political skill and perceived organizational support on burnout dimensions

©American Psychological Association, 2007. This paper is not the copy of record and may not exactly replicate the authoritative document published in the APA journal. The final article is available, upon publication, at: https://doi.org/10.1037/1072-5245.14.2.142Drawing from previous research on the effect of role conflict on burnout and the Conservation of Resources theory, we propose that individual differences in political skill and perceptions of organizational support will be negatively related to burnout and will also moderate the relationship between perceived role conflict and burnout. In a sample of 120 professional employees, political skill was associated with less depersonalization and feelings of reduced personal accomplishment and moderated the role conflict-reduced personal accomplishment relationship. Perceived organizational support was associated with less emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and moderated the role conflict-emotional exhaustion relationship. Implications of results are discussed and directions for future research are offered.Ye

Differential Effect of Inter-Role Conflict on Proactive Individual's Experience of Burnout

The version of record of this article, first published in the Journal of Business and Psychology, is available online at Publisher’s website: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10869-011-9234-5Purpose: This study examined how proactive personality interacts with inter-role conflict, measured as work–family conflict and family–work conflict, to predict burnout, measured as emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. Design/Methodology/Approach: Participants were 171 clerical employees. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to test whether proactive personality moderated the relationship between inter-role conflict and forms of burnout. Findings: Family–work conflict was not associated with burnout, but work–family conflict explained 30% of unique variance in emotional exhaustion and 9% in depersonalization. Proactive personality explained 12% of variance in personal accomplishment. Three-way interactions indicated that at high levels of work—family conflict and family—work conflict, proactive individuals reported lower levels of emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment and higher levels of depersonalization than less proactive individuals. Implications: While previous research has generally documented the virtues of proactive personality, our research indicates that when simultaneously faced with work–family and family–work conflict, individuals with proactive personality experience more depersonalization and less personal accomplishment relative to less proactive individuals. Overall, results of three-way interactions imply that while a certain level of proactive personality may be necessary to buffer feelings of emotional exhaustion, beyond a certain level, proactive personality may lead one to experience higher levels of depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment. Originality/Value: This study extends previous research by examining the influence of two types of inter-role conflict on all three dimensions of burnout. It also responds to calls for additional research on potential moderators, buffers, or even antidotes to stress by examining how proactive personality interacts with stressors.Ye