Analysis of Anchor Load test results from Razdrto – Vipava Motorway

This thesis deals with geotechnical anchors, which are increasingly used in the construction of earth retaining structures. The basic terms are introduced, materials and technology of execution of geotechnical anchors are described from instalation, pre-stressing up to control, supervison and monitoring. Basic principles of the design of geotechnical anchors are also presented. The results of 1193 anchor load tests have been collected performed by two contractors on the retaining structures on the Razdrto – Vipava motorway. The influence of the magnitude of anchor force, anchor free and bond length and number of tendons onto the creep parameter k was then studied in terms of regression analysis

Comparison of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts obtained from Salvia glutinosa L. and Salvia officinalis L.

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities as well as total phenols and flavonoids contents of Salvia glutinosa L. (glutinous sage) and Salvia officinalis L. (sage) extracts were studied. Methanol and aqueous ethanol (70% v/v) were used for extraction of bioactive compounds, both in the presence and the absence of ultrasound, from herb and the spent plant material remaining after the essential oil hydrodistillation. The ratio of plant material to extracting solvent was 1:10 g/ml. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the extracts were found to depend on the type of plant material and the extraction conditions. The plant materials from which essential oil had been recovered were proven to be valuable raw materials for making various herbal preparations

Antioxidant activity, the content of total phenols and flavonoids in the ethanol extracts of Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson dried by the use of different techniques

In this study, we have examined the yield of extracted substances obtained by means of extraction using 70 % ethanol (v/v), the content of total phenols and flavonoids, as well as the antioxidant activity of the extracts obtained from the samples of the herbs dried by means of different techniques. Wild mint Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson was dried naturally in a laboratory oven at a temperature of 45 °C and in an absorptive low temperature condensation oven at 35°C. The highest yield of extracts was obtained from the naturally dried herbs and the lowest from the herbs dried in the low temperature condensation drying oven. The content of total phenols and flavonoids was determined by spectrophotometric methods with an FC reagent and by the complexation reaction with aluminium-chloride, respectively. The extract of the naturally dried herbs had the highest overall content of phenols (113.8±2.0 mg of gallic acid/g of the dry extract) and flavonoids (106.7±0.3 mg of rutin/g of the dry extract). The highest antioxidant activity determined by the FRAP and DPPH assay was determined in the extracts obtained from naturally dried herbs (2.76±0.15 mmol Fe2+/mg of the dry extract and EC50=0.022±0.001 mg/ml), while the lowest was obtained from the extracts of herbs dried in the laboratory oven (1.13±0.11 mmol Fe2+/mg of the dry extract and EC50=0.033±0.001 mg/ml). The HPLC-DAD analysis result show that the greatest content of phenolic compounds show extract obtained from naturally dried plant material. The dominant phenolic component in the all extracts is Kaempferol 3-O-glucoside. The content of all phenolic compound strongly depend on the drying conditions

Analysis of anchor load test results from Razdrto - Vipava motorway

Naloga obravnava geotehnična sidra, ki se vse bolj pogosto uporabljajo pri gradnji podpornih in opornih konstrukcij. Predstavljeni so osnovni pojmi, materiali ter tehnologija izvedbe od vgradnje, napenjanja do kontrole geotehničnih sider. Posebej so navedeni tudi osnovni principi dimenzioniranja prednapetih geotehničnih sider. Zbrani so rezultati napenjalnih preizkusov na 1193 sidrih dveh različnih proizvajalcev, vgrajenih na opornih in podpornih konstrukcijah trase HC Razdrto – Vipava. Z regresijsko analizo smo ugotavljali vpliv velikosti sidrne sile, dolžina veznega in prostega dela sidra ter števila pramen sidra na mero tečenja k.This thesis deals with geotechnical anchors, which are increasingly used in the construction of earth retaining structures. The basic terms are introduced, materials and technology of execution of geotechnical anchors are described from instalation, pre-stressing up to control, supervison and monitoring. Basic principles of the design of geotechnical anchors are also presented. The results of 1193 anchor load tests have been collected performed by two contractors on the retaining structures on the Razdrto – Vipava motorway. The influence of the magnitude of anchor force, anchor free and bond length and number of tendons onto the creep parameter k was then studied in terms of regression analysis

The basic properties of the information dimension of the security environment

The information dimension of the modern security environment is characterized by complexity, the abundance of unstructured information and numerous conflicts that are fought through information warfare. The stated complexity of the modern information dimension and the problem of correctly perceiving the security environment raises the question of application of modern and proven methods for their analysis. These methods are a useful tool for understanding the information dimension, especially if it is about a foreign or opposing environment, and they help organizing, synthesizing, and applying information as a key part of communication planning and strategic thinking and decision making. Structural analysis of the information dimension includes the analysis of: a) elements of the information dimension, primarily information infrastructure, systems and devices for collecting, transmitting, processing and delivering information, information and their flows, as well as personnel and organizations performing various activities related to the information; b) areas of the information dimension, i.e. physical, cognitive, and information areas; c) levels of the information dimension, which are divided into global, national and military-security levels; and d) actors of the information dimension, primarily individuals, non-state and state actors, directing the analysis to their ability to act in the information dimension, i.e. performing information operations. The functional phase of information dimension analysis, on the other hand, contains the following phases: 1) defining the information dimension, 2) describing the effects of the information dimension, using PMESII and ASCOPE matrix, 3) assessing information situation and threat, within which a possible pattern and the doctrine of information action of the opponent in a specific situation are determined, and 4) determining the directions of action of the opponent in the information dimension. It can be concluded that only a comprehensive analysis, which considers all the elements of the structure of the information dimension, as well as the elements of functional analysis, provides the military with a complete understanding of the information dimension and functional information on the possibility of shaping the information dimension for the purpose of acting against the opposing forces easier accomplishing of gains

The significance of amaranthus in organic agriculture i its phytopharmacological benefits

Extracts derived from these plants' medicinal and bioactive constituents are utilized in the production of dietary supplements, health-safe food, medicinal products, and cosmetics. Among the pseudocereals widely cultivated in organic agriculture, amaranth, buckwheat, and quinoa play pivotal roles. These pseudocereals are characterized by their substantial content of starch, protein, β-carotene, dietary fiber, minerals, vitamins, and other bioactive constituents. Of particular interest is Amaranthus caudatus L. (Amaranthaceae), which has garnered increasing scientific and industrial attention owing to its remarkable bioactive properties, diverse phytochemical composition, and extensive range of pharmacological actions. In contrast to wheat, rice, and oats, amaranth seeds are gluten-free and contain 30% more proteins with a well-balanced amino acid profile. Beyond its nutritional value, numerous studies have highlighted the significance of A. caudatus as a potential source of biologically active compounds, exhibiting anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, antiinflammatory, and anti-hypercholesterolemic effects, as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. By incorporating amaranth into our diets, we can harness the manifold benefits of this remarkable pseudocereal, ultimately fostering health promotion and disease prevention. This work serves as a catalyst for further scientific investigations in this field, paving the way for innovative technological advancements within the realms of food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics that harness the potential of this extraordinary plant

The significance of amaranthus in organic agriculture i its phytopharmacological benefits

Extracts derived from these plants' medicinal and bioactive constituents are utilized in the production of dietary supplements, health-safe food, medicinal products, and cosmetics. Among the pseudocereals widely cultivated in organic agriculture, amaranth, buckwheat, and quinoa play pivotal roles. These pseudocereals are characterized by their substantial content of starch, protein, β-carotene, dietary fiber, minerals, vitamins, and other bioactive constituents. Of particular interest is Amaranthus caudatus L. (Amaranthaceae), which has garnered increasing scientific and industrial attention owing to its remarkable bioactive properties, diverse phytochemical composition, and extensive range of pharmacological actions. In contrast to wheat, rice, and oats, amaranth seeds are gluten-free and contain 30% more proteins with a well-balanced amino acid profile. Beyond its nutritional value, numerous studies have highlighted the significance of A. caudatus as a potential source of biologically active compounds, exhibiting anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, antiinflammatory, and anti-hypercholesterolemic effects, as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. By incorporating amaranth into our diets, we can harness the manifold benefits of this remarkable pseudocereal, ultimately fostering health promotion and disease prevention. This work serves as a catalyst for further scientific investigations in this field, paving the way for innovative technological advancements within the realms of food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics that harness the potential of this extraordinary plant

Chemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial analysis of the essential oil and extract of artemisia alba tura

This study examines the essential oil and the ethanol extract of Artemisia alba Turra herb, in terms of chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in order to select the active pharmacological isolate for making phytopreparation from the group of bitter aromatics and/or bitter liqueurs. Chemical composition of the essential oils and volatile fractions of the extract was determined by GC-FID/GC-MS and non-volatile fractions of the extract by HPLC. The content of total phenolics and flavonoids in the extracts was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum chloride, respectively. The antioxidant activity of isolates was tested by FRAP and DPPH tests and the antimicrobial by microdilution method. Major constituents in the essential oil were camphor, artemisia ketone and 1,8-cineole (23.7%, 15.2% and 14.1%, respectively), and in the volatile fraction of the extract, scopoletin (14.0%) and corymbolone (10.3%). The main components in non-volatile fraction of the extract were kaempferol 3-O-(6 ''-O-malonylglucoside)- 7-O-rhamnoside, chlorogenic acid and rutin (16.1%, 11.4% and 9.5% respectively). The content of total phenolics in the extract, expressed as gallic acid was 77.18 mg/g and flavonoids, expressed as rutin 53.80 mg/g of dry extract. Extract exhibited stronger antioxidant activity than essential oil and better antimicrobial activity on a larger number of tested microorganisms

Direct ultrasound-assisted extraction and characterization of phenolic compounds from fresh houseleek (Sempervivum marmoreum L.) leaves

The effects of ultrasound power and frequency on the yield of total extractive substances (TES), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity (AOA) of fresh houseleek leaves extracts obtained by direct ultrasound-assisted extraction (DUAE) were studied. Preliminary extraction of plant material was performed using methanol, acetone and 2-propanol by Soxhlet extraction. It was found that maximum TES yield could be obtained by methanol extraction (2.91±0.02), followed by acetone and 2-propanol with a TES yield of 2.32±0.01 and 2.01±0.03 g per 100 g of fresh plant material, respectively. In the fresh houseleek leaves extracts obtained by DUAE and methanol as the chosen solvent, TPC, TFC and AOA were in the ranges of: 40.5–85.9 mg gallic acid/g dry extract, 12.7–19.3 mg rutin/g dry extract and 24.6–108.2μg/ml, respectively. The results showed that the increase in the ultrasound power and extraction time have positive and significant (p < 0.05) effects on the TPC, TFC and AOA, while the increase in the ultrasound frequency leads to a decrease in the TPC, TFC and AOA of the extracts. A chromatographic analysis of crude extract identified the following: kaempferol 3-O-(6’’-O-malonylglucoside)- 7-O-glucosyde, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside, luteolin 5-O-(6’’-O-malonylglucoside), kaempferol 3-O-(6’’-O-acetylglucoside)-7-O-rhamnoside, genkwanin 5-O-glucoside, luteolin 5-O-(6’’-O-malonylglucoside), kaempferol 3-O-(6’’-O-malonylglucoside), kaempferol 3-O-rhamnoside, quercetin, genkwanin 4’-O-glucoside and hyperoside. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 172047