281 research outputs found
Why do people live apart together?
Interpretations of living apart together (LAT) have typically counter-posed 'new family form' versus 'continuist' perspectives. Recent surveys, however, construct LAT as a heterogeneous category that supports a 'qualified continuist' position – most people live apart as a response to practical circumstances or as a modern version of 'boy/girlfriend', although a minority represents something new in preferring to live apart more permanently. This article interrogates this conclusion by examining in depth why people live apart together, using a nationally representative survey from Britain and interview accounts from 2011. Our analysis shows that LAT as a category contains different sorts of relationship, with different needs and desires. While overall coupledom remains pivotal and cohabitation remains the goal for most, LAT allows people flexibility and room to manoeuvre in adapting couple intimacy to the demands of contemporary life. Hence, we suggest, LAT is both 'new' and a 'continuation'
Harmonic oscillator chains as Wigner Quantum Systems: periodic and fixed wall boundary conditions in gl(1|n) solutions
We describe a quantum system consisting of a one-dimensional linear chain of
n identical harmonic oscillators coupled by a nearest neighbor interaction. Two
boundary conditions are taken into account: periodic boundary conditions (where
the nth oscillator is coupled back to the first oscillator) and fixed wall
boundary conditions (where the first oscillator and the th oscillator are
coupled to a fixed wall). The two systems are characterized by their
Hamiltonian. For their quantization, we treat these systems as Wigner Quantum
Systems (WQS), allowing more solutions than just the canonical quantization
solution. In this WQS approach, one is led to certain algebraic relations for
operators (which are linear combinations of position and momentum operators)
that should satisfy triple relations involving commutators and
anti-commutators. These triple relations have a solution in terms of the Lie
superalgebra gl(1|n). We study a particular class of gl(1|n) representations
V(p), the so-called ladder representations. For these representations, we
determine the spectrum of the Hamiltonian and of the position operators (for
both types of boundary conditions). Furthermore, we compute the eigenvectors of
the position operators in terms of stationary states. This leads to explicit
expressions for position probabilities of the n oscillators in the chain. An
analysis of the plots of such position probability distributions gives rise to
some interesting observations. In particular, the physical behavior of the
system as a WQS is very much in agreement with what one would expect from the
classical case, except that all physical quantities (energy, position and
momentum of each oscillator) have a finite spectrum
On the eigenvalue problem for arbitrary odd elements of the Lie superalgebra gl(1|n) and applications
In a Wigner quantum mechanical model, with a solution in terms of the Lie
superalgebra gl(1|n), one is faced with determining the eigenvalues and
eigenvectors for an arbitrary self-adjoint odd element of gl(1|n) in any
unitary irreducible representation W. We show that the eigenvalue problem can
be solved by the decomposition of W with respect to the branching gl(1|n) -->
gl(1|1) + gl(n-1). The eigenvector problem is much harder, since the
Gel'fand-Zetlin basis of W is involved, and the explicit actions of gl(1|n)
generators on this basis are fairly complicated. Using properties of the
Gel'fand-Zetlin basis, we manage to present a solution for this problem as
well. Our solution is illustrated for two special classes of unitary gl(1|n)
representations: the so-called Fock representations and the ladder
representations
The paraboson Fock space and unitary irreducible representations of the Lie superalgebra osp(1|2n)
It is known that the defining relations of the orthosymplectic Lie
superalgebra osp(1|2n) are equivalent to the defining (triple) relations of n
pairs of paraboson operators . In particular, with the usual star
conditions, this implies that the ``parabosons of order p'' correspond to a
unitary irreducible (infinite-dimensional) lowest weight representation V(p) of
osp(1|2n). Apart from the simple cases p=1 or n=1, these representations had
never been constructed due to computational difficulties, despite their
importance. In the present paper we give an explicit and elegant construction
of these representations V(p), and we present explicit actions or matrix
elements of the osp(1|2n) generators. The orthogonal basis vectors of V(p) are
written in terms of Gelfand-Zetlin patterns, where the subalgebra u(n) of
osp(1|2n) plays a crucial role. Our results also lead to character formulas for
these infinite-dimensional osp(1|2n) representations. Furthermore, by
considering the branching , we find
explicit infinite-dimensional unitary irreducible lowest weight representations
of sp(2n) and their characters.Comment: typos correcte
Living apart together: uncoupling intimacy and co-residence
Over a fifth of those normally classified as “single” are actually in a
relationship but not living with their partner – which is 9% of adults
in Britain. This sizeable minority has only recently been recognized
by social researchers, even though people have long been
having relationships without moving in together. In the context of
increasing attention to the diversity of ways in which people live and
love outside the conventional family, understanding “living apart
together” (LAT) relationships is vital for policy-makers, practitioners
and researchers who are concerned with couples, families, and
individual well-being today.
This briefing paper presents the findings of the most
comprehensive study of living apart together in Britain to date
MORPHOLOGICAL AND RADIOMETRIC EVALUATION OF INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION IN EXPERIMENTAL BURN AND ENDOTOXIC SHOCK
The authors performed comparative morphological and radiometric (with 131 J-fibrinogen) study of the severity and dynamics of intravascular coagulation (IС) during burn and endotoxic shock in white male Wis tar rats. An early (at the 15th min) high intensity of IС was established in lungs and adrenals but a late peak of IС (until the 24th hour) was found out in kidneys, intestine, liver and spleen. IС intensity reduced significantly at the end of the first hour. There was some discrepancy between 131 J-fibrinogen accumulation and density of microthrombi in different organs
Harmonic oscillators coupled by springs: discrete solutions as a Wigner Quantum System
We consider a quantum system consisting of a one-dimensional chain of M
identical harmonic oscillators with natural frequency , coupled by
means of springs. Such systems have been studied before, and appear in various
models. In this paper, we approach the system as a Wigner Quantum System, not
imposing the canonical commutation relations, but using instead weaker
relations following from the compatibility of Hamilton's equations and the
Heisenberg equations. In such a setting, the quantum system allows solutions in
a finite-dimensional Hilbert space, with a discrete spectrum for all physical
operators. We show that a class of solutions can be obtained using generators
of the Lie superalgebra gl(1|M). Then we study the properties and spectra of
the physical operators in a class of unitary representations of gl(1|M). These
properties are both interesting and intriguing. In particular, we can give a
complete analysis of the eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian and of the position and
momentum operators (including multiplicities). We also study probability
distributions of position operators when the quantum system is in a stationary
state, and the effect of the position of one oscillator on the positions of the
remaining oscillators in the chain
Practices and perceptions of living apart together
yesThis paper examines how people living apart together (LATs) maintain their relationships, and describes how they view this living arrangement. It draws on a 2011 survey on living apart together (LAT) in Britain, supplemented by qualitative interviewing. Most LATs in Britain live near to their partners, and have frequent contact with them. At the same time most see LAT in terms of a monogamous, committed couple, where marriage remains a strong normative reference point, and see living apart as not much different from co-residence in terms of risk, emotional security, or closeness. Many see themselves living together in the future. However, LAT does appear to make difference to patterns of care between partners. In addition, LATs report advantages in terms of autonomy and flexibility. The paper concludes that LAT allows individuals some freedom to manoeuvre in balancing the demands of life circumstances and personal needs with those of an intimate relationship, but that practices of living apart together do not, in general, represent a radical departure from the norms of contemporary coupledom, except for that which expects couples to cohabit
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