Translingual Academic Writing at Internationalised Universities: Learning From Scholars

Due to the internationalisation of universities and the globalisation of academic cultures, academic writing is influenced by several writing traditions, heterogeneous reader expectations, as well as internal and external multilingualism. The programme MultiConText (Multilingual Writing in Academic Contexts) at the International Writing Centre at Göttingen University offers a pedagogical approach which deals with these aspects and aims at fostering writing skills for international, multilingual contexts. Writing workshops within the programme target students of all faculties, especially students of international study programmes. The pedagogical approach takes into account Canagarajah’s (2013) idea of translingual practice and the concept of language repertoires (Busch 2017), encouraging students to use all available language codes as a resource in writing. In order to strengthen this approach’s foundation, interviews with scholars working in international research teams were conducted. These interviews focused on the strategies scholars use when writing for publication, especially those for writing in multilingual contexts. Results from the interviews were adapted for classroom use to show students a variety of possibilities to deal with multilingualism in writing. This article makes a suggestion as to how theoretical concepts of multilingualism may be investigated in interviews and how they might be put into practice in writing assignments

Resource-focused Research for Multilingual Competence in Scientific Writing

This research aims to analyse the situation of the multiliteracy of natural sciences students in their academic writing in the German university context and to identify students' awareness and applications of their multilingual writing competence as well as how they make use or not of it in their academic writing process. English has the status of lingua franca in this context and German is used in informal settings. Minutes, reports, reviews, Bachelor or Master theses have to be written either in English or German, depending on the study programme. As Canagarajah (2013) has pointed out, multilingual scholarship offers huge resources in terms of diversity of thinking because language carries with it a system of knowledge and thinking from which both their representatives and the writing scientific community can benefit. The empirical, qualitative study of this paper is based on interviews conducted with participants of the course 'Akademisches Schreiben fur Naturwissenschaftler/innen' (Academic Writing for Natural Sciences Students) offered by the International Writing Centre at Göttingen University. The qualitative content analysis is based on portfolio activities and interviews conducted with students. This paper presents the first results of our data analysis

Artrodeza genunchiului cu lambou compozit fibular. Raport de caz clinic

Catedra de ortopedie şi traumatologie, Catedra de anatomie topografică şi chirurgie operatorie, USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Congresul consacrat aniversării a 75-a de la fondarea Universității de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemițanu” din Republica Moldova, Ziua internațională a științei pentru pace și dezvoltareBackground. The free vascularized bone transfer has evolved to become an accepted and often the preferred reconstruction for critical size bone defects in both the axial and appendicular skeleton (Sparks et al., 2017). Objective of the study. To perform the clinical case rapport about the approach and evolution of the large bone defect, that occurred after ablation of the total knee prosthesis, septic complicated on oncology patient. Material and Methods. The clinical case's about the patient (31 yrs) diagnosed in 2009 with osteoclastoma of the distal femur. The tumor was ablated quickly, the total endoprotesation of the knee was made. That was complicated by a septic bone defect(2015). The approach: septic defect healing, prosthesis ablation were done. The next step: arthrodesis of the knee was done with a vascularized fibular composite flap. Results. The patient was periodically investigated postoperatively and 5 years (2020) later. No recurrences of the infectious or oncological process were determined. The satisfactory clinical and paraclinical indices were recorded. Conclusion. Our experience allows us to maintain that the utilization of an axially composite flap for reconstruction of the complicated septic process at the pelvic limb can be a solution without respecting the required period for the remission of the infection. Introducere. Transferul osos vascularizat liber a evoluat treptat pentru a deveni o reconstrucție acceptată și deseori preferată pentru defectele osoase de dimensiuni critice. (Sparks și colab., 2017) Scopul lucrării. De a efectua un raport de caz clinic despre abordarea și aprecierea evoluției la distanță, a unui defect osos vast, care a apărut după ablația protezei totale de genunchi, septic complicată la un pacient oncologic. Material și Metode. Caz clinic al pacientei (31 de ani) diagnosticată în 2009 cu Osteoclastom al 1/3 distale os femural. Se efectuează imediat ablația tumorii, endoprotezarea totală a articulației genunchiului. În 2015 se complică cu defect osos septic. Abordarea fiind stabilită în II etape. I: sanarea focarului și ablația protezei. II-a: artrodeza genunchiului drept cu un lambou compzit fibular vascularizat. Rezultate. Pacienta a fost investigată periodic postoperatoriu și la 5 ani (2020) distanță. Nu au fost determinate recidive ale procesului infecțios sau oncologic. Indicii clinici și paraclinici satisfăcători. Concluzii. Utilizarea unui lambou fibular compozit vascularizat poate fi soluția în reconstrucția unui defect vast osos septic la nivelul membrului pelvin, fără a respecta perioada necesară pentru remisia infecției

Advanced Polypropylene and Composites with Polypropylene with Applications in Modern Medicine

Synthetic polypropylene (PP) is used extensively in many fields of medicine. On the one hand, it is utilized in the manufacture of medical equipment: syringes, storage, transport, electric cables, etc. On the other hand, synthetic, nonabsorbable isotactic PP (iPP) is often used to perform meshes for hernia and pelvic organ repair operations, as well as in urinary incontinence. Products that release in time from meshes are depending on the conditions in which they are utilized, can produce undesirable reactions for the human body. For this reason, nonabsorbable synthetic PP was replaced in surgical sutures and meshes with bio polypropylene (bio PP). The chapter analyzes the specific characteristics of these polymers as well as their degradation due to the influence of different factors: humidity, perspiration, temperature, and presence of bacteria. Obtaining new composite materials with PP as matrix and metal powders as fillers is considered as a possibility of their use in vital problems such as cancer detection and treatment. These allow the emergence of new strategies in the design of biosensors that use nanocomposite materials with different fillers and polymeric films. The chapter analyzes the characteristics of new composite materials with PP matrix and metallic powders of iron (Fe)

Cardio metabolic risk factors for atrial fibrillation in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Focus on hypertension, metabolic syndrome and obesity

Objective. Atrial fibrillation (AF) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been little explored so far. However, there are several cardio metabolic risk factors for AF in T2DM patients, such as arterial hypertension, obesity or the metabolic syndrome. Our objective was to evaluate cardio metabolic risk factors for AF in T2DM patients. Methods. We studied the medical records of T2DM patients hospitalized in the Internal Medicine department of an emergency referral hospital in Bucharest, Romania. The study was observational, retrospective and carried out between January-June 2018. Results. The study group included 221 T2DM patients (with a mean age of 68.65 ± 10.64, ranging between 37-93 years): 116 women (52.49%; with a mean age of 70.53 ± 10.69, ranging between 37-93 years) and 105 men (47.51%; with a mean age of 66.57 ± 10.23, ranging between 38-91 years). 92 patients had AF (41.63%): 40 women (34.48%) and 52 men (49.52%). 180 patients (81.45%) were hypertensive: 103 women (88.79%) and 77 men (73.33%). 113 patients (51.13%) had metabolic syndrome: 58 women (50.00%) and 55 men (52.38%). 77 patients (34.84%) were obese: 45 women (38.79%) and 32 men (30.48%). AF patients associated obesity in 26 cases (28.26%), hypertension in 73 cases (79.35%) and metabolic syndrome in 56 cases (60.87%). Conclusions. Out of the study group, 92 T2DM patients (41.63%) had AF, men being more likely to suffer from AF than women (p=0.0288). Hypertension affected 180 patients (81.45%) and in greater proportion women vs. men (p=0.0051). The metabolic syndrome and obesity were discovered in 113 patients (51.13%) and 77 patients (34.84%), respectively, with no significant differences in terms of gender. In our research, the highest cardio metabolic risk factors for AF in T2DM were hypertension (OR = 3.6675) and the metabolic syndrome (OR = 3.3388)

Reconstruction of the scalp defect with the trapezius muscle flap (clinical case)

Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Republic of MoldovaBackground. Many patients with complex scalp and skull defects can benefit from scalp reconstruction using the trapezoid flap, reducing the morbidity of the donor site. The trapezius flap was first reported by Nakajima and Fujino in 1984. It was originally described as a myocutaneous or muscle flap, and it has also been used as a free flap. The blood that supply the trapezium muscle and the skin is mainly from the superficial and descending branches of the transverse cervical artery as well as the occipital artery

The vascularized allotransplant– successful alternative for massive bone defects

Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Republic of MoldovaIntroduction. The massive bone defects after trauma, in congenital anomaly, tumors, infections or nonunions is a real dilemma for reconstructive surgery of the locomotor system. Contemporary methods that are usually used for reconstruction of the bone structure are: bone transplant, cryopreserved allografts, autograft or prosthesis, having high levels of morbidity and complication rates. Their common features are bad blood circulation and unviability, resulting in mechanical instability and poor bone consolidation (periprosthetic fractures, stress fractures, pseudoarthrosis, sepsis). Aim of the study. To determine what are the different methods used in reconstruction of massive bone defects. Materials and methods. Scientific papers and research results regarding bone defects reconstruction methods were reviewed. Review. A vascularized bone graft, reclosed microsurgicaly in the circuit, has a good potential for regeneration, plasticity, and a post-graft mechanical stiffness. The vascular bone autograft, with all biological and mechanical characteristics is considered the "gold standard" in the treatment of small bone defects. However, it becomes insufficient in size, shape and cellular repair capacities in the case of massive bone defects due to the increased circulatory needs of the injured segment. Maintaining the osteoplastic properties of the vascularized autograft and combining them with the orthotopic characteristics of an allogene bone or bone segment would be a successful alternative for the reconstructive surgery of the locomotor. The dilemma imposed by vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA), is immunosuppression (IS) and immunomodulation for life, which is not justified in case of vital organs (heart, liver, kidneys) transplants, because of adverse effects risk (systemic complications, sepsis, neoplasms). Without an IS, the immune cascade will cause vascular endothelial cell lysis, compromise microcirculation with necrosis of the graft. The last studies, describe the surgical neoangiogenesis typical of the host in VCA with a short-term IS - 14 days, as an effective one, with results that allow consolidation and mechanical stability. Studies are performed preclinically on rats, rabbits and pigs. Other studies present decelularization methods of the vassel while preserving vascular stiffness. Conclusions. A perfect alternative in treatment of the massive bone defects is using a vascular allograft, without associated immunosuppression

Competitive Intelligence and Academic Entrepreneurship as Innovative Vectors of a Resilient, Business-Oriented Education

Purpose – The present paper substantiates that the concepts of competitive intelligence and academic entrepreneurship are genuinely connected to the modern society and, through their perpetual and versatile evolution, have an important role in moving the development on the right way. Design/methodology/approach – Their evolutive is completed by a comparative analysis as appropriate method to point out similarities and differences and identify the way their application may serve innovation as a tool for those activating in the related domains of education, within our highly dynamic world. Findings – The development of the concepts is meant to link and accelerate the technological and operational innovation to a highly competitive academic environment, business-oriented, as a contribution to its wide potential for profit. Originality/value – The correlation between the two concepts provides an innovative tool able to serve as a platform helping the competitive intelligence, as design and functions, for any academic entrepreneurship business-oriented

In vivo experimental study of the arterial supply of the rabbit posterior limb

Background: The use of bone graft has been a successful step in the treatment of a large number of diseases of the osteoarticular system. But a massive bone defect remains a dilemma for modern reconstructive surgery. Present methods used have a high level of morbidity and complication. Literature indicates the absence of an optimal solution in massive bone defects healing. The aim of this study: to perform an in vivo preliminary study of vascularization of the hind limb in the rabbit model, for obtaining a graft able for further inclusion in the host blood circulation, without immunosuppression by decellularization. Material and methods: The study was performed on the 12 laboratory rabbits. After euthanasia of the rabbit, the femoral and tibiofibular bone was collected without soft tissue, only with the vascular pedicle, and keeping the passage through the vessels. In the abdominal aorta was injected contrast material, with the subsequent preparation of the arterial vessels, succeeded by anatomical, morphological, radiography, and microangiography study of this vascularized bone segment. Results: The principal nutrient artery of the rabbit femur springs from the lateral circumflex femoral artery. The optimal segment for vascularized allografting (the rabbit model) was determined the upper third of the femur with the up to the level of the internal iliac artery. So, it could be used as a bone graft for further conservation and decellularization. Conclusions: The vascularized allogeneic bone without immunosuppression would be a perfect alternative in the treatment of the massive bone defects