Retesting parent training: does parental training increase parents\u27 self-concept

Similar to studies by Gordon and others, the purpose of this study was to retest and reinvestigate whether parent training increased the self-esteem of participants. Two groups (sample (n = 15) and control (n = 10)) were pre- and posttested (at 10 and 9 weeks respectively), using the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale: 2. Both groups showed high educational achievement and were Caucasian/White; the sample was 13 women, 2 men, while the control was 9 men and 1 woman; and, most reported above average incomes. The scores were analyzed using a repeated measures t test and non-parametric analysis, which did not find training to increase self-esteem, but showed a tendency to reduce CON (conflict). All of the sub scores from the TSCS:2 were found to be significantly correlated, and IDN (identity) appeared to be most significant. The conclusions were that one instrument is not sufficient to determine if training increases self-esteem and longitudinal studies may be of interest to future researchers

The Brown-Sequard Discovery

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Brief Note Are Geographic Effects on Life Expectancy in Ohio Spurious Because of Race?

Author Institution: Department of Sociology, Bowling Green State UniversityThe possibility that significant geographic effects on life expectancy found in Ohio may have been spurious because of race is tested in this paper, which utilizes a regression-based technique to estimate life expectancy for selected cities and their suburbs. Using multivariate analysis in conjunction with race-specific regression models we find that, although white life expectancy values exceed those of blacks, the geographic effects described in an earlier paper were not spurious. Because socioeconomic status is associated with both race and geography, these findings provide support for the argument that socioeconomic status plays an instrumental role in differential life expectancy

Geographic Variation of Longevity in Ohio, 1930 and 1980

Author Institution: Department of Sociology, Bowling Green State UniversityAt broad levels (i.e., urban and rural, north and south, state-by-state), variations in longevity have been recorded over time in the United States and elsewhere. However, there is little information on life expectancy variation for specific small areas such as cities and suburbs over time. This is understandable because life expectancy is usually calculated by constructing a life table which has rigorous requirements not usually met by published data for small areas. In this paper, we use a regression-based technique to estimate life expectancy in 1930 and 1980 for selected cities and their suburbs as well as rural counties in Ohio. We examine the variation and changes in life expectancy through multivariate analysis, and find that while differences have narrowed between 1930 and 1980, significant variations in longevity persist among suburban, urban, and rural areas in Ohio

An adaptation of the yesterday method to correct for under-reporting of alcohol consumption and estimate compliance with Canadian low-risk drinking guidelines

Objectives: To estimate compliance with Canada’s Low-Risk Alcohol Drinking Guidelines (LRDG) in different groups of drinkers after adjusting for underreporting of alcohol use, and to identify which types of beverage are more likely to be consumed when LRDGs are exceeded. Method: Our sample consisted of 43,242 Canadians aged 15 and over who had responded to the Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring Survey, 2008–2010. Consumption in excess of LRDG was estimated for subgroups of drinkers after adjustment for under-reporting of consumption. Responses to Beverage-Specific Yesterday questions were used to make age-, gender- and beverage-specific corrections to under-reporting for data from the last 12 months Quantity–Frequency questions. Statistics Canada data on sales of beer, wine and spirits were also incorporated into the adjusted calculations. RESULTS: After adjustment for under-reporting, non-compliance with weekly LRDG limits to reduce risk of long-term harm increased from 6.8% to 27.3% among drinkers, and from 42.3% to 68.3% with respect to drinks. Non-compliance with daily LRDG limits to reduce risk of short-term harm increased from 16.7% to 38.6% among drinkers, and from 53.3% to 80.5% with respect to drinks. After adjustment, over 92% of total consumption occurred on risky drinking days among underage Canadians and over 91% of consumption reported by young adults took place during risky drinking occasions. Wine was least likely to be drunk in a risky fashion, spirits were the most likely. Conclusion: When corrections for under-reporting are made, most Canadian alcohol consumption occurs on days when national LRDG are exceeded, especially for underage and young adult drinkers

Nighttime air quality under desert conditions

Nighttime concentrations of the gas phase nitrate radical (NO3) were successfully measured during a four week field campaign in an arid urban location, Reno Nevada, using long-path Differential Optical Absorbance Spectrometry (DOAS). While typical concentrations of NO3 ranged from 5 to 20ppt, elevated concentrations were observed during a wildfire event. Horizontal mixing in the free troposphere was considerable because the sampling site was above the stable nocturnal boundary layer every night and this justified a box modeling approach. Process analysis of box model simulations showed NO3 accounted for approximately half of the loss of internal olefins, 60% of the isoprene loss, and 85% of the α-pinene loss during the nighttime hours during a typical night of the field study. The NO3+aldehyde reactions were not as important as anticipated. On a polluted night impacted by wildfires upwind of the sampling location, NO3 reactions were more important. Model simulations overpredicted NO2 concentrations for both case studies and inorganic chemistry was the biggest influence on NO3 concentrations and on nitric acid formation. The overprediction may be due to additional NO2 loss processes that were not included in the box model, as deposition and N2O5 uptake had no significant effect on NO2 levels

Thermal-structural design study of an airframe-integrated Scramjet

The development and evaluation of a design concept for the cooled structures assembly for the Scramjet engine is discussed. Development concepts for engine subsystems and design concepts for the aircraft/engine interface are included. A thermal protection system was defined which makes it possible to attain a life of 100 hr and 1000 cycles, the specified goal. The coolant equivalence ratio at the Mach 10 maximum thermal loading condition is 0.6, indicating a capacity for airframe cooling. The mechanical design is feasible for manufacture using conventional materials. For the cooled structures in a six module engine, the mass per unit capture area is 1256 kg/sq m. The total mass of a six module engine assembly including the fuel system is 1502 kg