Milk Consumption Following Exercise Reduces Subsequent Energy Intake in Female Recreational Exercisers

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of skimmed milk as a recovery drink following moderate–vigorous cycling exercise on subsequent appetite and energy intake in healthy, female recreational exercisers. Utilising a randomised cross-over design, nine female recreational exercisers (19.7 ± 1.3 years) completed a V̇O2peak test followed by two main exercise trials. The main trials were conducted following a standardised breakfast. Following 30 min of moderate-vigorous exercise (65% V̇O2peak), either 600 mL of skimmed milk or 600 mL of orange drink (475 mL orange juice from concentrate, 125 mL water), which were isoenergetic (0.88 MJ), were ingested, followed 60 min later with an ad libitum pasta meal. Absolute energy intake was reduced 25.2% ± 16.6% after consuming milk compared to the orange drink (2.39 ± 0.70 vs. 3.20 ± 0.84 MJ, respectively; p = 0.001). Relative energy intake (in relation to the energy content of the recovery drinks and energy expenditure) was significantly lower after milk consumption compared to the orange drink (1.49 ± 0.72 vs. 2.33 ± 0.90 MJ, respectively; p = 0.005). There were no differences in AUC (× 1 h) subjective appetite parameters (hunger, fullness and desire to eat) between trials. The consumption of skimmed milk following 30 min of moderate-vigorous cycling exercise reduces subsequent energy intake in female recreational exercisers

Compilation of articles about the Till Bill (The Emmett Till Unsolved Civil Rights Crime Act)

Includes text of articles from the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, Athens Banner-Herald, and Tuscaloosa New

A case study of youth participatory evaluation in co-curricular service learning

Abstract: This paper examines the practice of participatory evaluation through an exploratory single case study of the Evaluation Team of Books & Beyond, a cocurricular service-learning program of the Global Village Living-Learning Center at Indiana University. The paper, which is authored by three undergraduate members of the evaluation team and their faculty advisor, juxtaposes the process of conducting the evaluation and reporting the results with reflections from the Evaluation Team participants on conducting youth participatory action research, which offers a means of improving youth-serving programs and developing a greater understanding of why youth choose to participate in these programs. In their review of the implementation of their evaluation project, the team noted that the difficulties of getting past lessons learned to methodological rigor in service-learning evaluation are compounded by the realities of engaging in a student-faculty partnership in a co-curricular service-learning context

An Integrated Content and Metadata based Retrieval System for Art

In this paper we describe aspects of the Artiste project to develop a distributed content and metadata based analysis, retrieval and navigation system for a number of major European Museums. In particular, after a brief overview of the complete system, we describe the design and evaluation of some of the image analysis algorithms developed to meet the specific requirements of the users from the museums. These include a method for retrievals based on sub images, retrievals based on very low quality images and retrieval using craquelure type

A contemporary African Jungian perspective on the verbal interaction between Jesus and Peter in the gospel of John.

M. Th. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg 2016.The expression “the Christian Faith in Africa is a mile long but an inch deep” has been borne out in my ministry in the Anglican Church for over twenty –five years. I have, frequently, observed some clergy and congregations attempting to enhance personal spiritual maturity by employing a myriad of programs most of which require a lot of proof-texting thus encouraging a disingenuous use of the biblical text. Such attempts often prove counter-productive and fail to achieve the purposes they were designed for. This dissertation will advance three maturation processes which, when they are explored together, may produce an alternative way of producing the kind of spiritual maturity which has proved to be a mirage of most spiritual growth programs. The first of these maturation processes is Jung’s individuation process which was advanced by Jung in the 1940s. We will explore particularly the five stages of individuation to get to know the challenges a person may face on a journey to maturation. The second maturation process is the traditional Zulu rites of passage which, incidentally, also have five stages of maturation. The third process of maturation is the example of Peter as found in John’s gospel, Jung’s maturation process as well as the traditional rites of passage will be used to interpret Peter’s journey of maturation in John. The individuation process according to Jung has a strong individual maturation aspects which ultimately benefits the community one finds oneself in, whilst the African rites of passage are symbolized by a strong communal maturation aspect which have an immense bearing on the individual. John’s Gospel has indications for both the individual and communal maturation aspects and thus provides an appropriate convergence of the maturation process in the individuation process according to Jung as well as the maturation processes as symbolically depicted in the African rites of passage. In that way each person’s trajectory of spiritual maturation would have a more lasting duration as each person reads and rereads the John’s Gospel in the African context seeing more deeply into the links within the gospel. This could be a metaphor also for reading our lives holistically and in the light of our continuing personal and communal spiritual growth

Cow's milk as a post-exercise recovery drink: implications for performance and health

Post-exercise recovery is a multi-facetted process that will vary depending on the nature of the exercise, the time between exercise sessions and the goals of the exerciser. From a nutritional perspective, the main considerations are: (1) optimisation of muscle protein turnover; (2) glycogen resynthesis; (3) rehydration; (4) management of muscle soreness; (5) appropriate management of energy balance. Milk is approximately isotonic (osmolality of 280–290 mosmol/kg), and the mixture of high quality protein, carbohydrate, water and micronutrients (particularly sodium) make it uniquely suitable as a post-exercise recovery drink in many exercise scenarios. Research has shown that ingestion of milk post-exercise has the potential to beneficially impact both acute recovery and chronic training adaptation. Milk augments post-exercise muscle protein synthesis and rehydration, can contribute to post-exercise glycogen resynthesis, and attenuates post-exercise muscle soreness/function losses. For these aspects of recovery, milk is at least comparable and often out performs most commercially available recovery drinks, but is available at a fraction of the cost, making it a cheap and easy option to facilitate post-exercise recovery. Milk ingestion post-exercise has also been shown to attenuate subsequent energy intake and may lead to more favourable body composition changes with exercise training. This means that those exercising for weight management purposes might be able to beneficially influence post-exercise recovery, whilst maintaining the energy deficit created by exercise

The effects of respiratory muscle strength training on individuals with Parkinson\u27s disease

The purpose of this study was to determine if respiratory muscle strength training (RMST) results in increased measures of respiratory function, improved vocal quality, and improved quality of life as perceived by the participants. Data obtained by this study adds to the body of knowledge regarding clinical use of RMST for SLPs working with patients with Parkinson\u27s disease (PD). The study was comprised of a 13-week ABAB within-subject design with a baseline period, five weeks of respiratory training (Phase 1), three weeks without training (Detraining Phase), and five weeks with training (Phase 2). Three individuals with moderate PD (1M, 2F) participated. They were taught to use the PowerLung® respiratory training device and completed twice daily sessions of expiratory and inspiratory muscle training, five days per week. Outcome measures included maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP and MEP, respectively); forced vital capacity (FVC), percent predicted forced vital capacity (FVC%), and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1); and sustained vowel phonation. Measurements were taken at baseline, before and after detraining (where applicable), and at the end of the study. Results indicated improved maximum respiratory pressures for all participants from baseline to end of study. No participant showed significant changes in FVC, FVC%, and FEV 1, and results of sustained vowel phonation varied. Participants\u27 vocal quality was evaluated by three independent raters as well as the subjects themselves and two conversation partners. Two CSD graduate students and one certified SLP rated subjects\u27 voices at baseline and at the end of treatment using recorded conversation samples and the GRBAS Voice Rating Scale (Hirano, 1981). Improvement in vocal quality was perceived in two participants, and no change was seen in the other. Participants and two conversation partners completed the Perceptual Rating Form to report on vocal quality. Participants noted improvement in vocal quality; conversation partners reported both improvement and decline in various aspects of two participants\u27 vocal quality. Participants completed two surveys regarding the impact of their voice on overall communication and quality of life. These surveys, completed at the start of the study and at completion of each phase, were the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) (Jacobson, et al., 1997) and The Communicative Participation Item Bank General Short Form (Baylor et al. [under review]). Responses from participants revealed inconsistent effects of RMST on quality of life. Results of this study demonstrate that the combination of inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength training in individuals with moderate Parkinson\u27s disease may be a beneficial treatment to improve respiratory function and positively impact vocal quality and overall quality of life as it relates to communicative participation. Results from this study revealed the potential for additional research on the effects of RMST on pulmonary functions such as vital capacity (VC) and total lung capacity (TLC), which are not dependent on maximum speed and effort. Additionally, further investigation of RMST on quality of life is warranted in areas related to voice and communication, as well as overall physical and emotional wellbeing