The Relationship Between Adult Attachment Orientation and Mindfulness: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Mindfulness can be measured as an individual trait, which varies between individuals. In recent years, research has investigated the overlap between trait mindfulness and attachment. The aim of the present review and meta-analysis was to investigate the current evidence linking adult attachment dimensions to trait mindfulness dimensions, and to quantitatively synthesize these findings using meta-analyses. A systematic literature search was conducted using five scientific databases of which, upon review, 33 articles met inclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed journals and dissertations published in English that relied on quantitative methods using reliable and validated self-report measures where study participants were aged 16 years and older. Random-effects model meta-analytic procedures were used to investigate the relationship between both constructs. Cross-sectional studies found significant negative correlations between adult attachment insecurity, on either dimension (anxiety or avoidance) and both total mindfulness score and all five sub-dimensions of mindfulness (act with awareness, observe, describe, non-reacting, and non-judging), with the exception of a non-significant positive correlation between attachment anxiety and observe. The effect size of the relationships ranged from small to medium. The overall mean effect sizes were moderate (anxiety, r+ = .34; avoidance, r+ = −.28), with both attachment dimensions associated with lower levels of total mindfulness. Results are discussed in relation to theory and research. Implications for future research include the need to utilize longitudinal design to address causality and mechanisms of the relationship between these constructs

Variational Study of the Phase Transition at Finite T in the λϕ4\lambda \phi^4 -Theory

Assuming triviality of the 4-dimensional $\lambda \phi ^4$-theory we compute the effective potential by means of a self consistent Feynman-Bogoliubov method. This potential $U_{eff}^{FB}$ depends on a UV-cutoff, which is fixed by a stability condition for the gap-equation for the plasma mass. It shows a second order phase transition at zero temperature, in agreement with a large amount of analytical and RG analysis as well as Monte Carlo numerical evidence. As the cutoff $\Lambda$ is removed the renormalized self coupling constant $\lambda _R$ goes to zero consistent with the claim of triviality. At finite temperature the phase transition becomes weakly first order.Comment: 8 pages, latex, 4 figures available from author e-mail: [email protected], submitted to Phys. Lett.

Differential Equations for Definition and Evaluation of Feynman Integrals

It is shown that every Feynman integral can be interpreted as Green function of some linear differential operator with constant coefficients. This definition is equivalent to usual one but needs no regularization and application of $R$-operation. It is argued that presented formalism is convenient for practical calculations of Feynman integrals.Comment: pages, LaTEX, MSU-PHYS-HEP-Lu2/9

Reply: Debating the Definition and Incidence of Isolated Cardiac Sarcoidosis

Cardiolog

Selective turn-on fluorescence detection of cyanide in water using hydrophobic CdSe quantum dots

The ability of 2,2'-bipyridine-bound copper(II) ions to quench the photoluminescence of hydrophobic CdSe quantum dots is used to create a novel, selective turn-on fluorescence cyanide sensor

Non-perturbative calculations for the effective potential of the PTPT symmetric and non-Hermitian (−gϕ4)(-g\phi^{4}) field theoretic model

We investigate the effective potential of the $PT$ symmetric $(-g\phi^{4})$ field theory, perturbatively as well as non-perturbatively. For the perturbative calculations, we first use normal ordering to obtain the first order effective potential from which the predicted vacuum condensate vanishes exponentially as $G\to G^+$ in agreement with previous calculations. For the higher orders, we employed the invariance of the bare parameters under the change of the mass scale $t$ to fix the transformed form totally equivalent to the original theory. The form so obtained up to $G^3$ is new and shows that all the 1PI amplitudes are perurbative for both $G\ll 1$ and $G\gg 1$ regions. For the intermediate region, we modified the fractal self-similar resummation method to have a unique resummation formula for all $G$ values. This unique formula is necessary because the effective potential is the generating functional for all the 1PI amplitudes which can be obtained via $\partial^n E/\partial b^n$ and thus we can obtain an analytic calculation for the 1PI amplitudes. Again, the resummed from of the effective potential is new and interpolates the effective potential between the perturbative regions. Moreover, the resummed effective potential agrees in spirit of previous calculation concerning bound states.Comment: 20 page

Higher Order Evaluation of the Critical Temperature for Interacting Homogeneous Dilute Bose Gases

We use the nonperturbative linear \delta expansion method to evaluate analytically the coefficients c_1 and c_2^{\prime \prime} which appear in the expansion for the transition temperature for a dilute, homogeneous, three dimensional Bose gas given by T_c= T_0 \{1 + c_1 a n^{1/3} + [ c_2^{\prime} \ln(a n^{1/3}) +c_2^{\prime \prime} ] a^2 n^{2/3} + {\cal O} (a^3 n)\}, where T_0 is the result for an ideal gas, a is the s-wave scattering length and n is the number density. In a previous work the same method has been used to evaluate c_1 to order-\delta^2 with the result c_1= 3.06. Here, we push the calculation to the next two orders obtaining c_1=2.45 at order-\delta^3 and c_1=1.48 at order-\delta^4. Analysing the topology of the graphs involved we discuss how our results relate to other nonperturbative analytical methods such as the self-consistent resummation and the 1/N approximations. At the same orders we obtain c_2^{\prime\prime}=101.4, c_2^{\prime \prime}=98.2 and c_2^{\prime \prime}=82.9. Our analytical results seem to support the recent Monte Carlo estimates c_1=1.32 \pm 0.02 and c_2^{\prime \prime}= 75.7 \pm 0.4.Comment: 29 pages, 3 eps figures. Minor changes, one reference added. Version in press Physical Review A (2002

(Borel) convergence of the variationally improved mass expansion and the O(N) Gross-Neveu model mass gap

We reconsider in some detail a construction allowing (Borel) convergence of an alternative perturbative expansion, for specific physical quantities of asymptotically free models. The usual perturbative expansions (with an explicit mass dependence) are transmuted into expansions in 1/F, where $F \sim 1/g(m)$ for $m \gg \Lambda$ while $F \sim (m/\Lambda)^\alpha$ for m \lsim \Lambda, $\Lambda$ being the basic scale and $\alpha$ given by renormalization group coefficients. (Borel) convergence holds in a range of $F$ which corresponds to reach unambiguously the strong coupling infrared regime near $m\to 0$, which can define certain "non-perturbative" quantities, such as the mass gap, from a resummation of this alternative expansion. Convergence properties can be further improved, when combined with $\delta$ expansion (variationally improved perturbation) methods. We illustrate these results by re-evaluating, from purely perturbative informations, the O(N) Gross-Neveu model mass gap, known for arbitrary $N$ from exact S matrix results. Comparing different levels of approximations that can be defined within our framework, we find reasonable agreement with the exact result.Comment: 33 pp., RevTeX4, 6 eps figures. Minor typos, notation and wording corrections, 2 references added. To appear in Phys. Rev.

A multi-disciplinary perspective on climate model evaluation for Antarctica

A workshop was organized by Antarctic Climate 21 (AntClim21), with the topic 'evaluation of climate models' representation of Antarctic climate from the perspective of long-term twenty-first-century climate change.' The suggested approach for evaluating whether climate models over- or underestimate the effects of ozone depletion is to diagnose simulated historical trends in lower-stratospheric temperature and compare these to observational estimates. With regard to more regional changes over Antarctica, such as West Antarctic warming, the simulation of teleconnection patterns to the tropical Pacific was highlighted. To improve the evaluation of low-frequency variability and trends in climate models, the use and development of approaches to emulate ice-core proxies in models was recommended. It is recommended that effort be put into improving datasets of ice thickness, motion, and composition to allow for a more complete evaluation of sea ice in climate models. One process that was highlighted in particular is the representation of Antarctic clouds and resulting precipitation. It is recommended that increased effort be put into observations of clouds over Antarctica, such as the use of instruments that can detect cloud-base height or the use of remote sensing resources

Asymptotically Improved Convergence of Optimized Perturbation Theory in the Bose-Einstein Condensation Problem

We investigate the convergence properties of optimized perturbation theory, or linear $\delta$ expansion (LDE), within the context of finite temperature phase transitions. Our results prove the reliability of these methods, recently employed in the determination of the critical temperature T_c for a system of weakly interacting homogeneous dilute Bose gas. We carry out the explicit LDE optimized calculations and also the infrared analysis of the relevant quantities involved in the determination of $T_c$ in the large-N limit, when the relevant effective static action describing the system is extended to O(N) symmetry. Then, using an efficient resummation method, we show how the LDE can exactly reproduce the known large-N result for $T_c$ already at the first non-trivial order. Next, we consider the finite N=2 case where, using similar resummation techniques, we improve the analytical results for the nonperturbative terms involved in the expression for the critical temperature allowing comparison with recent Monte Carlo estimates of them. To illustrate the method we have considered a simple geometric series showing how the procedure as a whole works consistently in a general case.Comment: 38 pages, 3 eps figures, Revtex4. Final version in press Phys. Rev.