Solar photoelectro-Fenton treatment of a mixture of parabens spiked into secondary treated wastewater effluent at low input current

Aqueous mixtures of methyl, ethyl and propyl paraben (MeP, EtP and PrP) prepared in real urban wastewater with low conductivity were treated by solar photoelectro-Fenton (SPEF) process at low input current (j = 10 mA cm-2) using a pre-pilot plant with an electrochemical reactor equipped with an air-diffusion cathode to electrogenerate H2O2 and a boron-doped diamond (BDD) or RuO2-based anode. Comparative trials in simulated water matrices with or without Cl− in the absence of natural organic matter (NOM) always led to a slower decay of parabens concentration and total organic carbon (TOC). This was mainly due to the superior regeneration of Fe2+ from photoreduction of Fe(III) complexes formed with NOM in real wastewater compared to that from Fe(OH)2+. In all matrices, a catalyst concentration as low as 0.20 mM Fe2+ was enough to ensure the production of ¿OH in the bulk from Fenton's reaction. SPEF with BDD yielded a complete removal of parabens in 180 min and 66% mineralization at 240 min. This gave rise to the greatest mineralization current efficiencies reported so far, up to 1000%, with a low energy consumption of 84 kWh (kg TOC)-1. The synergy between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, which allowed the efficient dosage of ¿OH and M(¿OH) at low j, with simultaneous action of high UV power from sunlight justified such a good performance. Analogous apparent rate constants were determined for MeP, EtP and PrP. Slower decays were found with RuO2-based anode due to its lower oxidation power. As a result, the MCE was 425% as maximum, but a lower energy consumption of 52 kWh (kg TOC)-1 was needed. Since the role of active chlorine was of minor importance, the formation of toxic, refractory chloroderivatives was minimized. All by-products were transformed into malic, formic and oxalic acids prior to total mineralization

Modified electrodes prepared with polyphenolic film containing ruthenium complex and metal ligand anchored by azo covalent bond

This work presents two new modified carbon electrodes which were prepared via the polymerization of a phenolic moiety previously functionalized with azo groups (bipyridine and 2-methoxypyridine) as key structures to anchor the desired ligands. The syntheses of BAP (4-([2,2’]-bipyridinyl-4-ylazo)-phenol) and PAPmethoxy (5-(4-hidroxyphenylazo) pyridin-2-methoxy) were simple to perform, gave good yields and the monomers were easily electropolymerized resulting in chemically and mechanically stable modified electrodes. The PAP-methoxy ME formed stable complexes with Cd, Cu and Pb in aqueous media at open circuit and produced well defined redox peaks, showing good potential for future analytical applications. The BAP monomer was used to produce a ruthenium complex (BAP-Ru) which was electropolymerized from +0.50 to +0.75V (vs. Ag/AgCl) to leave the ruthenium available to act as a catalyst. The BAP-Ru ME was able to oxidize a variety of organic substrates with good selectivity. The yields obtained were either similar to, or better than, those obtained by homogeneous catalysis using a similar ruthenium catalyst or when this type of catalyst is supported in a carbon paste electrode.Este trabalho apresenta dois novos eletrodos de grafite modificados que foram preparados via polimerização da função fenólica, previamente funcionalizada por grupos azo (bipiridina e 2-metoxipiridina), que atuam como estruturas chaves para a ancoragem de ligantes de interesse. As sínteses dos monômeros BAP (4-([2,2’]bipiridinil-4-ilazo)-fenol) e PAPmetóxi (5-(4-hidroxifenilazo)piridin-2-metóxi) foram simples, deram bons rendimentos e os monômeros foram facilmente eletropolimerizados, levando à formação de eletrodos modificados (EM) química e mecanicamente estáveis. Em solução aquosa e em circuito aberto, o EM PAP-metóxi formou complexos estáveis com Cd, Cu e Pb, produzindo picos redox bem definidos, demonstrando o grande potencial deste eletrodo para futuras aplicações analíticas. O monômero BAP foi utilizado para produzir um complexo de rutênio (BAP-Ru) que foi eletropolimerizado entre +0.50 e +0.75V (vs. Ag/AgCl), permitindo que o rutênio permanecesse disponível para atuar como catalisador. O EM BAP-Ru oxidou seletivamente uma variedade de substratos orgânicos dando produtos com rendimentos próximos ou melhores que aqueles obtidos por catálise homogênea com complexos de rutênio similares, ou quando este tipo de catalisador é impregnado em pasta de carbono.CNPqCoordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES

ANÁLISE DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA DO ICADS/UFBA NA TRANSIÇÃO PARA A UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO OESTE DA BAHIA

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar a produção científica e inovações dos docentes durante o período de transição da Universidade Federal da Bahia para a Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia. Para tanto, utilizou-se como método de pesquisa a Bibliometria, tendo como procedimentos de coleta a busca de dados na plataforma Lattes, buscando as informações necessárias à pesquisa disponíveis nos currículos Lattes dos docentes alocados na instituição durante o período de 2006 a 2013. Os resultados apontaram para uma curva de publicações com ponto de máximo no ano de 2008, com 64 publicações e ponto de mínimo no ano de 2013, com 20 publicações. Os projetos aprovados apresentaram máxima no ano de 2011 com 26 projetos, e mínima no ano de 2006, com 01 projeto aprovado. Houve 46 publicações relativas à área de química; 41 publicações na área de ciências biológicas; e 34 publicações na área de ciências agrárias. Identificou-se também 06 patentes registradas e 14 protótipos sem pedidos de patentes

Photoelectro-Fenton as post-treatment for electrocoagulated benzophenone-3-loaded synthetic and urban wastewater

The removal of benzophenone-3 (BP-3), a ubiquitous pollutant in municipal wastewater treatment fa-cilities, was optimal by means of a sequential electrocoagulation (EC)/UVA photoelectro-Fenton (PEF)treatment. Overall mineralization was attained upon combination of EC (Fe/Fe cell, 15 mA cm 2, 20 min)with PEF (boron-doped diamond/air-diffusion cell, 33.3 mA cm 2, 720 min), being superior to EC/electro-Fenton (EF) and requiring shorter time than single PEF. In EC, an Al/Al cell yielded the largest removal ofBP-3 in a simulated matrix at pH 11.0 due to precipitation of its neutral form caused by a substantial pHdrop, with optimum current density of 15 mA cm 2. EC of BP-3-loaded urban wastewater at natural pHwas quite effective also with a Fe/Fe cell, being preferred since it provided the required metal catalyst forsubsequent treatment. Among the electrochemical advanced oxidation processes tested, PEF was su-perior to electrochemical oxidation with electrogenerated H2O2(EO-H2O2) and EF, especially when usingthe boron-doped diamond instead of a RuO2-based anode, due to the oxidation of generated activechlorine and hydroxyl radicals, along with the photolytic action of UVA irradiation. GC-MS revealed theformation of 14 cyclic products in PEF treatment, two of them being also formed during EC

Tętniak prawdziwy po bezobjawowym zawale dolnej ściany lewej komory jako podłoże ciężkiej wtórnej niedomykalności mitralnej

Przedstawiony opis przypadku ukazuje nietypowy, bezobjawowy przebieg choroby wieńcowej z wytworzeniem tętniaka prawdziwego lewej komory, powodującego ciężką, przez długi czas skąpoobjawową, niedomykalność zastawki mitralnej

Antimicrobial lubricant formulations containing poly(hydroxybenzene)-trimethoprim conjugates synthesized by tyrosinase

Poly(hydroxybenzene)-trimethoprim conjugates were prepared using methylparaben as substrate of the oxida- tive enzyme tyrosinase. MALDI-TOF MS analysis showed that the enzymatic oxidation of methylparaben alone leads to the poly(hydroxybenzene) formation. In the presence of tri- methoprim, the methylparaben tyrosinase oxidation leads poly(hydroxybenzene)-trimethoprim conjugates. All of these compounds were incorporated into lubricant hydroxyethyl cellulose/glycerol mixtures. Poly(hydroxybenzene)-trimetho- prim conjugates were the most effective phenolic structures against the bacterial growth reducing by 96 and 97 % of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis suspen- sions, respectively (after 24 h). A novel enzymatic strategy to produce antimicrobial poly(hydroxybenzene)-antibiotic conjugates is proposed here for a wide range of applications on the biomedical field.The authors Idalina Gonçalves and Cláudia Botelho would like to acknowledge the NOVO project (FP7-HEALTH- 2011.2.3.1- 5) for funding. Loïc Hilliou acknowledges the financial support by FCT – Foundation for Science and Technology, Portugal (501100001871), through Grant PEst-C/CTM/LA0025/2013 - Strategic Project - LA 25 - 2013–2014, and by Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (ON.2) through the project BMatepro – Optimizing Materials and Processes^, with reference NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000037 FEDER COMPETE

Pyridine anchored to polymeric film poly-(phenol-azo-benzene). Preparation of modified electrodes with oxidants proprieties of organic substrates.

Neste trabalho os complexos cis- [Ru(BAF)(bpy)(PPh3)(OH2)](ClO4)2 (monômero B) e cis-[Ru(dmbpy)2(PPh3)(OH2)](OPh)2 (monômero C) foram sintetizados e caracterizados através de métodos espectroscópicos e eletroquímicos, sendo utilizados na construção de novos eletrodos modificados EMs e aplicados na eletrooxidação de substratos orgânicos. A preparação destes EMs consistiu no recobrimento da superfície de eletrodos de feltro de carbono e de bastões de grafite pelos filmes poliméricos ancorados ao rutênio. Os intervalos de potencial aplicados para a polimerização dos complexos foram àqueles correspondentes, respectivamente, aos potenciais de polimerização do contra-íon difenolato e do ligante azóico contendo o grupamento fenol. A atividade catalítica destes EMs foi investigada através de um estudo cinético, através de eletrooxidações heterogêneas acompanhadas por UV/Vis de diversos compostos orgânicos como: safrol, isosafrol, álcool benzílico, fenil etil álcool, etil benzeno, tolueno, benzaldeído, ciclo hexen-2-ol, demonstrando que os EMs podem ser utilizados como catalisadores em reações de eletrooxidações com rendimentos satisfatórios.In this work the complexes cis-[Ru(BAF)(bpy)(PPh3)(OH2)](ClO4)2 (B monomer) and cis-[Ru(dmbpy)2(PPh3)(OH2)](OPh)2 (C monomer) were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic and electrochemical methods, and they were utilized in construction of new modified electrodes (MEs) and applied in electrooxidation of organic substrates. The preparation of these new MEs was done by coating the surfaces of carbon felt and carbon rod electrodes by polymeric films where the ruthenium complexes were anchored. The potential range applied to accomplish the polimerization of the complexes corresponds to the potencial ranges of diphenol anion and azoic ligand with the phenolic group, respectively. The catalytic activity of these MEs was studied by kinetic methodology monitoring the heterogeneous electroxidations by UV/Vis of some organic substrates like: safrol, isosafrol, benzylic alcohol, phenil ethyl alcohol, ethyl benzene, toluene, cycle-hexen-2-ol, showing that these EMs can be utilized as catalyst in electrooxidations reactions with goods yields