Internationale Konflikte im Blickpunkt der südkoreanischen Presse - das Fallbeispiel des "11. September"

Der 11. September 2001 und die nachfolgenden Ereignisse waren von weltweiter Bedeutung, und sie entfalteten eine Wirkung, die auch knapp drei Jahre danach noch immer zu spüren ist. Diese Wirkung erlangten sie nicht zuletzt durch die Aufmerksamkeit, die den Ereignissen weltweit durch die Medien beigemessen wurde. Medien haben das Potenzial, bestimmte Themen in die Öffentlichkeit zu tragen, und sie beeinflussen mit ihrer Art der Darstellung und ihrer Interpretation von Ereignissen zu einem gewissen Grad die öffentliche Diskussion dieser Themen. Wie auch die Presse in anderen Teilen der Welt berichtete die südkoreanische mehrere Wochen sehr umfangreich über die Anschläge in New York und Washington sowie die emotionalen, politischen, kriminologischen und militärischen Reaktionen auf diese. Aufgrund der intensiven Berichterstattung, der Möglichkeit, internationale Vergleiche zu ziehen und der weltpolitischen Bedeutung der Ereignisse bietet sich das Thema für eine inhaltsanalytische Betrachtung koreanischer Zeitungen an. Die Analyse bringt koreanische Besonderheiten in der Behandlung des Themas ans Licht, zeigt, wie ideologische Präferenzen die Darstellung beeinflussen und wie sich die Berichterstattung mit der gefühlten Distanz zur Bedrohung verändert. Dabei zeigen sich Tendenzen in der Art der Darstellung, von denen anzunehmen ist, dass sie sich in ähnlicher Form auch in anderen Kontexten wiederholen

Fully lignocellulose-based PET analogues for the circular economy

Polyethylene terephthalate is one of the most abundantly used polymers, but also a significant pollutant in oceans. Due to growing environmental concerns, polyethylene terephthalate alternatives are highly sought after. Here we present readily recyclable polyethylene terephthalate analogues, made entirely from woody biomass. Central to the concept is a two-step noble metal free catalytic sequence (Cu20-PMO catalyzed reductive catalytic fractionation and Raney Ni mediated catalytic funneling) that allows for obtaining a single aliphatic diol 4-(3-hydroxypropyl) cyclohexan-1-ol in high isolated yield (11.7 wt% on lignin basis), as well as other product streams that are converted to fuels, achieving a total carbon yield of 29.5%. The diol 4-(3-hydroxypropyl) cyclohexan-1-ol is co-polymerized with methyl esters of terephthalic acid and furan dicarboxylic acid, both of which can be derived from the cellulose residues, to obtain polyesters with competitive Mw and thermal properties (Tg of 70–90 °C). The polymers show excellent chemical recyclability in methanol and are thus promising candidates for the circular economy.</p

ERAWATCH Country Reports 2011: SWEDEN

The main objective of the ERAWATCH Annual Country Reports is to characterise and assess the performance of national research systems and related policies in a structured manner that is comparable across countries. EW Country Reports 2011 identify the structural challenges faced by national innovation systems. They further analyse and assess the ability of the policy mix in place to consistently and efficiently tackle these challenges. The annex of the reports gives an overview of the latest national policy efforts towards the enhancement of European Research Area and further assess their efficiency to achieve the targets. These reports were originally produced in November - December 2011, focusing on policy developments over the previous twelve months. The reports were produced by the ERAWATCH Network under contract to JRC-IPTS. The analytical framework and the structure of the reports have been developed by the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies of the Joint Research Centre (JRC-IPTS) and Directorate General for Research and Innovation with contributions from ERAWATCH Network Asbl.JRC.J.2-Knowledge for Growt

Developing future visions for bio-plastics substituting PET – a backcasting approach

The demand for plastics far exceeds that for any other bulk material and is expected to grow further due to global economic and population growth. Packaging is by far the largest end-user segment for plastics. Interest in bioplastics is increasing as public awareness of plastic waste accumulation in natural environ- ments increases. 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is the key monomer in the production of polyethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate (PEF), a polymer that offers a sustainable solution to replace the commonly used polymer polyethylene terephthalate (PET). A backcasting workshop with 42 experts was held to identify current barriers and challenges that block the commercialization of FDCA-based products and to outline potential pathways toward future market diffusion. Several barriers which are strongly related to techno- logical and market-related aspects are preventing the full potential of FDCA from being unlocked. FDCA products cited in the literature are versatile and cover a wide array of niche applications. In the back- casting workshop, participants described their specific – yet highly divergent – future visions for PEF. Participants with a background in FDCA production referred mostly to developments that would need to take place in the field of FDCA applications to turn their vision into reality, while participants with a background in FDCA product development tended to refer to open issues related to FDCA synthesis. The findings of this study indicate that there is a great need for intensified cross-disciplinary communication and collaboration.publishe