Where marine protected areas would best represent 30% of ocean biodiversity

Author's accepted version (postprint).This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Elsevier in Biological Conservation on 02/04/2020.Available online: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006320719312182?via%3DihubThe IUCN (the International Union for Conservation of Nature) World Conservation Congress called for the full protection of 30% of each marine habitat globally andat least 30% of all the ocean. Thus, we quantitatively prioritized the top 30% areas for Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) globally using global scale measures ofbiodiversity from the species to ecosystem level. The analysis used (a) Ecosystems mapped based on 20 environmental variables, (b) four Biomes (seagrass, kelp,mangrove, and shallow water coral reefs) plus seabed rugosity as a proxy for habitat, and (c) species richness within each biogeographic Realm (indicating areas ofspecies endemicity), so as to maximise representivity of biodiversity overall.We found that the 30% prioritized areas were mainly on continental coasts, island arcs, oceanic islands, the southwest Indian Ridge, the northern Mid-AtlanticRidge, the Coral Triangle, Caribbean Sea, and Arctic Archipelago. They generally covered 30% of the Ecosystems and over 80% of the Biomes. Although 58% of theareas were within countries Exclusive EconomicZones(EEZ), only 10% were in MPAs, and < 1% in no-take MPAs (IUCN category Ia). These prioritized areas indicatewhere it would be optimal to locate MPAs for recovery of marine biodiversity within and outside country's EEZ. Our results thus provide a map that will aid bothnational and international planning of where to protect marine biodiversity as a whole.acceptedVersio

Spaces whose Pseudocompact Subspaces are Closed Subsets

[EN] Every first countable pseudocompact Tychonoff space X has the property that every pseudocompact subspace of X is a closed subset of X (denoted herein by “FCC”). We study the property FCC and several closely related ones, and focus on the behavior of extension and other spaces which have one or more of these properties. Characterization, embedding and product theorems are obtained, and some examples are given which provide results such as the following. There exists a separable Moore space which has no regular, FCC extension space. There exists a compact Hausdorff Fréchet space which is not FCC. There exists a compact Hausdorff Fréchet space X such that X, but not X2, is FCC.The first author gratefully acknowledges partial research support from the National Science Foundation, Grant No. 2975010131. The third and fourth authors gratefully acknowledge partial research support from the University of Kansas and the sabbatical leave programs of their respective institutions, and in the case of the fourth author, from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.Dow, A.; Porter, JR.; Stephenson, R.; Grant Woods, R. (2004). Spaces whose Pseudocompact Subspaces are Closed Subsets. Applied General Topology. 5(2):243-264. doi:10.4995/agt.2004.1973.2432645

Occupational Communication as Boundary Mechanism

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/69000/2/10.1177_073088847400100404.pd

Cerium neodymium oxide solid solution synthesis as a potential analogue for substoichiometric AmO 2 for radioisotope power systems

The European Space Agency (ESA) is sponsoring a research programme on the development of americium oxides for radioisotope generators and heater units. Cubic AmO2-(x/2) with an O/Am ratio between 1.65 and 1.75 is a potentially suitable compound for pellet sintering. C-type (Ia-3) Ce1-xNdxO2-(x/2) oxides with 0.5 &lt; x &lt; 0.7 could be used as a surrogate for some Ia-3 AmO2-(x/2). A new Ce1-xNdxO2-(x/2) production process has been investigated where a nominally selected x value of 0.6 was targeted: Ce and Nd nitrates and oxalic acid were added drop-wise into a vessel, where they continuously reacted to create oxalate precipitates. The effect of temperature (25 °C, 60 °C) of the reactants (mixed at 250 revolutions per minute) on oxalate particle shape and size were investigated. Oxalates were calcined at 900 °C to produce oxide particles. Oxalate particle properties were characterised as these are expected to influence oxides particle properties and fuel pellet sintering.</p

Track D Social Science, Human Rights and Political Science

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138414/1/jia218442.pd